Kasuwanci na Kasuwanci da Ma'anar Ma'anar
Kafin a bincikar ku tare da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙila za ku iya ɗaukar aikin jini, watakila sau ɗaya a shekara tare da jarrabawar ku na shekara-shekara. Yanzu zaka iya mamakin-menene wannan aikin jini? Me likita ke nema? Duk aikin jinin da zai yiwu a yi umarni shi ne fiye da yadda za mu iya nazarin a nan, amma bari mu dubi na kowa.
Cikakken Ƙidaya (CBC)
CBC yana daya daga cikin aikin da ake amfani da shi na musamman don saka idanu da cutar jini.
Cibiyar CBC tana duba ƙwayar jinin jininka: fararen jini, jinsin jinin jini, da kuma takalma. Wannan jarabawa shine sauƙin farko ga abin da ke haifar da bayyanar cututtuka, yana ɓangare na aikin ƙwaƙwalwa, kuma yana iya jawo hankali a yayin kulawa.
Kwayoyin Jinsin White (WBC) suna cikin ɓangaren tsarinka na rigakafi da taimakawa wajen yaki da cututtuka. Akwai nau'i biyar na WBCs : neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, da basophils. Adadin WBCs a cikin jininka yawanci shine lambar farko da aka ruwaito akan CBC. Wani ɓangare na CBC, wanda ake kira bambanci ko bambanta, yayi la'akari da nauyin kowace nau'i na WBC.
A cikin polycythemia vera ( PV ) ko mahimmanci thrombocythemia ( ET ), za a iya ɗaukar adadin kuɗin WBC kadan (leukocytosis). A cikin myelofibrosis na farko ( PMF ), wasu mutane da suka karbi lambar WBC, wasu na al'ada, yayin da wasu zasu sami ƙimar WBC mai ƙananan (leukopenia).
Kwayoyin jini (RBC) suna ɗauke da oxygen daga huhu zuwa gabobin.
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don dubi kwayoyin jini a cikin CBC. Na farko, ƙididdigar RBC shine yawan adadin jinin jini a wurare daban-daban. Hemoglobin shine furotin dake cikin RBC wanda ke dauke da iskar oxygen. Hematocrit yana wakiltar yawancin jini ne na RBC (idan aka kwatanta da WBC da platelets).
A cikin yanayin da ke haifar da ƙara yawan lambobin RBC, kamar nau'in polycythemia, da haemoglobin da hematocrit an daukaka su. Ana amfani da ma'aunin ma'aunin hematocrit don tabbatar da tasiri a cikin PV. Magunguna da phlebotomy (zubar da jinin jiki) an gyara su ne bisa ga ma'aunin hematocrit da ake so (yawanci kasa da kashi 45 a cikin maza da kasa da kashi 42 cikin mata).
A cikin PMF, matakin hemoglobin yana cikin ɓangaren da aka yi amfani da shi don ƙayyade ƙimar ka. Wannan na iya canzawa akan yanayin rashin lafiya. Rashin haemoglobin kasa da digo 10 a kowace deciliter (g / dL) a asali, ƙidaya a matsayin maki biyu a cikin ƙwararriyar ƙwayar cuta (mafi yawan maki da suka fi girma). Ana iya amfani dashi don sanin idan kana buƙatar fassarar jini.
Ana ba da karuwan jini yayin da hemoglobin ya sauko a kasa da gram takwas a kowace mai ba da izini ko kuma idan kun kasance bayyanar cututtuka (gajiya, juzziness, tsinkayyar zuciya). Cutar da ake buƙata yana ƙara ƙarin ƙari a cikin ƙwararriyar gwaji.
Ƙididdigar Platelet an haɗa su a cikin CBC. Hakazalika da hematocrit a cikin PV, a cikin mutane tare da ET wanda ake buƙatar magani, ana amfani da ƙididdigar platelet don daidaita jiyya bisa ga ƙididdigar platelet da ake so. A PMF, platelet ƙidaya ƙananan fiye da 100,000 kwayoyin halitta ta microliter ƙara daya aya zuwa ga ƙwarewar score.
Ruwan jini
ET da PV za su iya samuwa a cikin myelofibrosis da cutar sankarar bargo, ana iya lura da alamun farko na wannan canji a CBC, musamman ma a takaice a cikin ragowar hemoglobin da countlet. Jinin jini mai launin jini da platelet ya zama nau'i mai ƙaura a cikin myelofibrosis wanda za'a iya gani akan zubar da jini (microscope slide of cells).
von Willebrand Panel
Mutane tare da ET suna da haɗari wajen bunkasa ciwon wuka na Willebrand, cutar ta jini. Wannan haɗari ya tashi kamar yadda adadi na platinum ya tashi (fiye da miliyan miliyan daya da microliter). Idan kana da ET kuma zub da jini, ana iya aikawa da panel von Willebrand don sanin ko wannan shine dalilin.
Jiyya yana rage countlet count.
Yayin da kake samun aikin jini, yana iya zama takaici da kuma wuyar ganin dalilin. Tattauna waɗannan damuwa tare da likita don ku kasance duka a kan wannan shafi.
> Source:
> Teferri A. Magani da Kula da Essential Thrombocythemia, Masarrafan Harkokin Myelofibrosis na Farko da Gudanarwa na Myelofibrosis na Farko, da Tsarin Masarufi da Jiyya na Polycythemia Vera. A: UpToDate, Post TW (Ed), UpToDate, Waltham, MA. 2016.