M-gina jiki wani ɓangare ne-ko wani ɓangare na wani mai cutar-wanda zai iya nunawa a gwaje-gwajen jinin ku da / ko fitsari, kuma gabaninsa na iya nufin abubuwa daban-daban. A cikin cututtuka na jini kamar myeloma , 'M' a 'M protein' yana nufin monoclonal. Ana samar da furotin na daya daga cikin mahaukaci, ƙwayoyin cuta ko ƙwayoyin cuta. Ana kiran shi furotin na danclonal saboda akwai clone guda guda, nau'i-nau'i na '' Kwayoyin cututtukan daji guda biyu ', duk wanda ke yin wannan furotin.
Furotin na M shine kamar samfuri mara kyau, samfurori da aka samar; ba yaki da kamuwa da cutar ba kuma bata da amfani.
A cikin hoton, mai Y-shaped blue antibody, ko immunoglobulin, shi ne M protein.
Babban abin da ke gaba da shi shine kwayar plasma, wanda ke haifar da kwayoyin cutar. Ba dukkanin sunadarai M ba ne dukkanin kwayoyin cuta kamar wanda aka nuna. Wani lokaci, M protein na myeloma daya ne kawai na wani antibody.
Sauran Bayanai ga M Protein
A cikin mahallin myeloma, Furota tana nufin ɓarnaccen nau'in samar da kwayoyin cutar plasma na jikin jikinka. Abin baƙin ciki shine, "M protein" zai iya ɗaukar nauyi da ma'anoni daban daban a magani, dangane da batun ko rashin lafiya da aka tattauna.
Furotin M za'a iya bayyana ta hanyar amfani da sharuddan kamar haka:
- Monoclonal gina jiki
- Myeloma furotin
- Tsararren tsararru na immunoglobulin
- Paraproteins
- Bence Jones sunadaran
- A M karu
- M-bangaren
A cikin wannan labarin, muna magana ne game da fatalcin M wanda ke danganta da ciwon daji-kuma, musamman ma musamman, ga wasu nau'in ciwon jini da kuma yanayin da ya dace da jini da ƙashin jini.
Duk da haka, wasu sunadarai M masu sanannun sunadaran a magani, musamman ma game da cututtukan cututtuka kamar yadda aka nuna a nan:
- M gina jiki zai iya tsayawa ga kamfanonin matrix mai kama da kwayar cutar M1 na cutar cutar mura .
- Furotin m za'a iya amfani da ita wajen magana akan wani kwayar cuta, streptococcus pyogenes.
- M protein, ko kuma ainihin "furotin M," yana dace da kwayoyin mycoplasma genitalia .
Ciwon Cutar Blood
Ana kiran dukkanin sunadarin proteins anti-immunoglobulins. Furotin M shine immunoglobulin-ko wani ɓangare na immunoglobulin-wanda aka bayyana a matsayin monoclonal, ma'anar cewa an samar da shi ne ta hanyar guda guda na matsala. Ba al'ada ba ne ga jiki ya sami nau'o'in ainihin irin wannan furotin kamar yadda yake faruwa a myeloma, kuma hakan zai iya ganewa a cikin binciken binciken. Hakanan zai iya haifar da matsalolin jiki, musamman ma idan matakan sunyi yawa.
Inda Yazo Daga
A cikin myeloma mai yawa, sunadarai na M yana fitowa ne daga yawan kwayar cutar ƙwayoyin plasma. Kullum, kwayoyin cutar plasma za su samar da wani nau'i na kwayoyin cuta. A cikin al'ada ko lafiya, yawancin kwayoyin cutar plasma suna iya samar da kwayar cuta daban-daban-wadanda ake kira polyclonal antibodies, ko immcodin immunoglobulins polyclonal. Lokacin da kwayoyin cutar plasma suka zama ƙwayar cuta, sau da yawa akwai kwayar cutar guda daya, wadda ta ba da dama ga mutane masu yawa. Dukkanin minions ne clones na wannan tantanin halitta, kuma sunyi kawai sunadaran sunadarai guda daya. Tun da akwai ƙwayoyin plasma masu yawa, suna ƙara yawan ƙazanta, suna yin yawa daga wannan furotin na daya. Yawancin, ko karu, a cikin girman nauyin gina jiki guda ɗaya, ana iya gano su a gwajin gwaji.
Tsarin Monoclonal Antibodies
Kowane antibody yana da kashi hudu. Akwai sarƙoƙi guda biyu a ciki, da kuma sarƙaƙƙiƙi biyu na waje a waje. A cikin hoton, zaka iya ganin kwayar plasma tare da antibody da sauran ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta a bango.
Tsare-tsaren hasken wuta, ko kuma mafi guntu, layi na waje a cikin "blue Y" a cikin hoton, ana kiransa da sunadaran Bence Jones , ko kuma tsararren immunoglobulin kyauta . A wannan yanayin, kawai ƙananan ƙananan magunguna ne. Lokacin da Furotin M shine sashin haske, yana da ƙananan ƙima, a gaskiya, cewa zai iya wuce ta cikin kodan kuma ya shiga cikin fitsari.
Don haka, idan an gwada gwajin jini ne za'a iya rasa sassan layi tun lokacin da suka shiga cikin fitsari.
A gefe guda, idan M protein yana da cikakken immunoglobulin-dukan babban Y a hoton-to ana iya gano shi a cikin jini tun lokacin da ya yi yawa ya wuce zuwa cikin fitsari. Kuma saboda an kiyaye wadannan sunadarai masu yawa, haɓaka irin wannan nau'in M a cikin koda zai iya haifar da cututtukan koda.
Muhimmanci
- Binciken asalin: Furotin m an samo shi a cikin myeloma da yawa da sauran yanayi
- Cutar koda: Lokacin da M sunadaran sunyi yawa kuma suna da yalwace a cikin yanayin rashin lafiya don katse ɗayan raga na koda, wannan zai haifar da cututtukan koda da kuma gazawar koda.
- Dangane da halaye na furotin da aka ɓoye, wasu cututtuka masu illa suna yiwuwa.
Halin jini da Marrow Yanayi da Suka Ƙara M Protein
Yanayi wanda zai haifar da matakin da aka haɓaka na M sunadaran a kan gwaji na fitsari:
- Myeloma - Jarabawar gwajin fitsari zai kasance tabbatacce ga M protein a cikin 50 zuwa 80% na mutane tare da myeloma.
- MGUS - Monoclonal gammopathy na muhimmancin da ba a ƙayyade ba yana iya samun matakin da aka ɗaukaka.
- Macroglobulinemia na waldenstrom - Wannan ciwon daji, wanda ya shafi kwayoyin da ke da ƙwayar kwayoyin cutar plasma, na iya samun matakan gina jiki na M.
A wasu lokuta, kwayoyin da ke haifar da M-gina jiki suna da kyau, kuma suna iya kaiwa ga kashi, ƙwayoyin lymph, hanta, yalwa, ko sauran kwayoyin. Wannan shine lamarin a cikin myeloma da yawa, sanadiyar ƙwayar cuta, da Waldenström macroglobulinemia.
A wasu lokuta, M-gina jiki ne ya samar da ƙananan, iyakance, clone mai tsabta daga cikin sel wanda ya fadada, kuma wannan bai haifar da wata alama ba. Wannan shine lamarin a cikin ƙunƙwantarwa na monoclonal na muhimmancin MGUS.
Kalma Daga
Yawancin yanayi na iya haifar da kullun ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta guda ɗaya, mai kwance a cikin samfurori guda daya; kuma, ba duk waɗannan ka'idoji ba ne. Zaka iya samun protein na M tare da wasu nau'in haɗin jiki na haɗin kai, kamar launi na lupus erythematosus, arthritis na rheumatoid, da kuma cututtuka na psoriatic. Kuna iya samun shi tare da kamuwa da cutar ta Hepatitis C da HIV / AIDs. Hakanan zaka iya samun shi tare da samun von Willebrand cuta, cutar ta zubar jini. Saboda haka, a lokuta da yawa, hanyar Furotin M shine mafi mahimmanci fiye da kawai samun wannan binciken.
Sources:
Cutar sankarar bargo da Lymphoma Society. Sanin asali. https://www.lls.org/disease-information/myeloma/diagnosis
Papanikolaou X, Rosenthal A, Dhodapkar M, et al. Gudun hanzari masu amfani da cytoplasmic immunoglobulin sune babbar mahimman ƙwarewar ci gaba na asymptomatic monoclonal gammopathies zuwa mahara myeloma (samfurin tsari na SWOG S0120). Ciwon Kankara ta Blood. 2016; 6 (3): e410-.