Toxoplasmosis ba cuta bane mun ji duk abin da yake da yawa, amma wanda zai shafar kusan kowane dan Amurka 10 a wani lokaci a rayuwarsu. Hanyoyin cututtuka na toxoplasmosis sun kasance mai sauƙi kuma suna iya haɗawa da ciwon tsoka, zazzabi, da gajiya, ciwon kai, da kuma ƙwayoyin lymph mai kumbura, wani lokaci na tsawon makonni. Duk da haka, a mafi yawan lokuta, akwai wasu, idan akwai, alamun bayyanar kamuwa da cuta.
Abun cutar kawai ya zama mai tsanani lokacin da aka shige daga uwa zuwa yaro a lokacin ciki ko lokacin da yake faruwa a mutanen da ke dauke da ciwon HIV . A lokuta biyu, Toxoplasma gondii, kwayar cutar da ke haifar da cutar, zai iya shuka mummunar lalacewa ga kwakwalwa, idanu, huhu, da kuma wasu manyan gabobin. A cikin yawancin mutane, idan ba a magance su ba, toxoplasmosis zai iya haifar da rashin lafiyar mutum da ta jiki da kuma mutuwa.
Kwayoyin cututtuka na yau da kullum
A cikin mutanen da ke da tsarin da ba su da kyau , har zuwa kashi 90 na lokuta na toxoplasmosis zai zama cikakkar matsala (ba tare da bayyanar cututtuka) ba. Saboda haka, mafi yawan mutane ba za su san cewa sun kamu da cutar ba.
Idan bayyanar cututtuka sun bayyana, za su kasance mafi sauƙi kuma zasu iya hada da:
- Low zazzabi (ƙananan fiye da 100.4 o F)
- Ciwon kai
- Wulo
- Harshen lymph nodes ( lymphadenopathy )
- Muscle aches (myalgia)
- Babban jiha na rashin lafiya (malaise)
Duk da yake bayyanar cututtuka ba su ƙara muni ba, wasu lokuta sukan iya ci gaba da yin makonni a karshen.
Bugu da ƙari, saboda bayyanar cututtuka ba haka ba ne, ba za su iya kuskure ba don wasu cututtuka, irin su mura , cututtuka na kwayar cutar , ko ma cutar Lyme . Yayin da za'a iya bambanta da toxoplasmosis zuwa wani digiri ta hanyar babu wasu alamomi (kamar tari, ciwon makogwaro, ko rash), za'a iya tabbatar da ita tare da gwajin jini ko bincike na ruwa na kofi ko samfurin nama.
Da zarar kamuwa da cuta ya faru, kare lafiyar jikin ta zai kawo shi a hankali. Haka kuma cutar za ta motsa a cikin wani lokaci wanda sashin jiki ya zama mai girma, wanda aka sani da bradyzoite, a sassa daban daban na jiki (ciki har da kwakwalwa, zuciya, idanu, hanta, da huhu). Sai dai idan ba a kare kariya ga kare hakkin bil'adama ba, za su iya zama a cikin wani yanayi mai dadi har tsawon rayuwarsu.
Abun cututtuka na al'ada
Yayin da T. gondii yawanci ana daukar shi ta hanyar gurbataccen abinci ko ta hanyar haɗuwa da haɗari da haɗari da haɗari, yana iya wucewa daga uwarsa zuwa yaro a lokacin daukar ciki.
Yanayin, wanda aka sani da gurguntaccen ƙwayar cuta, yana shafar yawancin yara 10,000 a Amurka, a cewar wani rahoto daga Cibiyar Kwalejin Pediatric a kan Cututtukan cututtuka. Yayinda yawancin lokuta sukan faru ne yayin da mahaifiyarsa ta kamu da cutar a lokacin daukar ciki, wasu zasu iya haifar da sake dawowa daga kamuwa da cuta ta baya (mafi yawancin mata a cikin mahaifiyar HIV).
Hadarin haihuwa
Duk da yake hadarin tasirin T. gondii yana cigaba da karuwa a lokacin matakan karshen ciki, cutar zai iya zama mafi girma a farkon farkon farkon shekaru uku. Wannan shi ne lokacin da kwayoyin tayi na fetal ke farawa ne kawai don kwarewa da kuma bunkasa cikin sassan kwakwalwa, zuciya, da kuma sauran kwayoyin halitta.
Damage a wannan matakan farko na cigaba zai iya zama mummunan rauni. A lokuta da yawa, zai iya haifar da lalacewar haihuwa wadda ba a sani ba a matsayin microcephaly (wanda aka haifi jariri tare da babba da ƙwayar cuta) da kuma macrocephaly (inda aka haife jariri tare da babba mai girma da kwakwalwa).
Kwayoyin cututtuka na kowa
Hanyoyin maganin toxoplasmosis na iya kara haɗarin rashin hasara da kuma haihuwa. Kusan kashi 50 cikin dari na lokuta zai haifar da haihuwa da haihuwa tare da nauyin haihuwa, mafi sau da yawa lokacin da jaririn ya kamu da cutar kafin ranar 24th gestation.
Ƙananan jarirai da ƙananan ƙwayar cuta za su kasance da alamun bayyanar haihuwar haihuwa a lokacin haihuwar su ko kuma inganta su cikin farkon watanni shida na rayuwa.
Yawancin cututtuka za su kasance da alaka da ƙwayar rikice-rikicen da ake gani a lokuta masu tsanani, ciki har da hydrocephalus ("ruwa a kwakwalwa"), chorioretinitis (ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ido), da ƙididdigar intracranial (ƙididdigar ƙwayoyin calcium a cikin kwakwalwa saboda rashin kamuwa da shi).
Kwayar cututtuka na iya hada da:
- Jaundice (yellowing fata da idanu)
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Matsalar ciwo , ciki har da wahala ta haɗiye ( dysphagia )
- Matsalolin ɓarna da hangen nesa
- Rabawar ji
- Matsalar magana ( dysarthria )
- Matsala tare da tafiya, daidaitawa, da kuma basirar motoci
- Ƙaddamarwar jinkiri
- Tashin hankali na ilimi (m zuwa tsanani)
- Riƙe
Rarraba ga mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV
Toxoplasmosis yana da rinjayar rinjaye mutane tare da alamun bayyanar cutar. Abin sani kawai lokacin da tsarin na rigakafi ya jaddada cewa siffofin mafi tsanani na cutar zasu iya bayyanawa. Duk da yake wannan zai iya faruwa ga masu karɓar mahalarta ko mutanen da ke fama da maganin cutar kanjamau (duka kungiyoyi waɗanda aka magance su tare da maganin rigakafi), ƙungiyar da aka fi shafa su ne waɗanda aka gano da cutar AIDS .
Toxoplasmic Encephalitis
AIDs an bayyana shi a matsayin mataki na cutar HIV wanda mutum yana da ƙananan CD4 T-cell ( Talla-cell CD4) (wani nau'i na tsakiya na jini mai kare jini). Saboda haka, yanayin da ake ciki kamar kwakwalwa na toxoplasmic (toxoplasmosis na kwakwalwa) ana dauke da cutar ta AIDS , kamar yadda yake gani ba tare da gano cutar AIDS ba.
Kwaƙwalwa shine, a gaskiya, kwayar da ta fi shafa yayin da T. gondii ya sake yin aiki. Shi ne shafin da ba'a ba kawai ƙaruwa ba ne kawai amma ya ci gaba, sau da yawa don rayuwar mai karɓar. Idan ba tare da kare rayuka ba don kare kanta, kwakwalwa da kuma tsarin tsakiya na juyayi na iya zama mai tsanani kuma wani lokaci ana cutar da shi.
Hanyoyin cututtukan fuka-fuka na toxoplasmic sun haɗa da:
- Ciwon kai
- Fever
- Ƙarfin tsoka
- Rikici
- Magana da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa
- Riƙe
- Canje-canje na mutum
- Dementia
- Schizophrenia
- Coma
Sauran Cutar cutar
Kwajin ba kawai kwayar da kwayar cutar zata iya shafa ba. Idan T. gondii ya sake motsa jiki (tocular toxoplasmosis), zai iya haifar da blurring, redness, ciwon ido, matsananciyar raɗaɗi, ɓoye makamai ( scotomas ), da kuma hasken haske mai haske.
Sake amsawa a cikin huhu (toxoplasmosis na huhu) zai iya bayyana tare da zazzaɓi, rashin ƙarfi na numfashi ( dyspnea ), tayar da hankali, ƙwaƙwalwar kirji, da tari marar amfani.
Idan aka bari ba tare da gurgunta ba, toxoplasmosis a cikin mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV zai kai kusan mutuwa.
Lokacin da za a ga likitan
Tun da yawancin mutane basu san cewa suna da toxoplasmosis, za su nemi kulawa kuma, a mafi yawan lokuta, ba za su bukaci ba.
Duk da haka, idan kun kasance cikin ciki kuma an gano ku tare da kamuwa da cuta na yanzu, kuna bukatar ganin likita don sanin idan an kamu da jaririn. Wannan yana iya ƙunsar amniocentesis (wanda ake amfani da allura don cire ruwa daga jakar amniotic don duba kamuwa da cuta) ko kuma duban dan tayi (don bincika bayyanar cututtuka irin su hydrocephalus).
Idan an samu ganewar asali mai kyau, za'a ba ku takardun maganin rigakafi a wani lokaci a lokacin na biyu na uku don rage yawan damuwa na jariri. Idan kana da kwayar cutar HIV, ana iya farawa a baya.
> Sources:
> Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka (CDC). "Balanci - Toxoplasmosis (Ciwon Toxoplasma Inganci)." Atlanta, Jojiya; Yuli 10, 2014.
> Lee, S. da kuma Lee. T. "Tashin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin haƙuri tare da ciwon rashin lafiya na rashin lafiya" . 2017; 5 (1): 34-36. DOI: 10.1479 / btrt.2017.5.1.34.
> Maldonado, J. da kuma Karanta, S. "Sanin ganewa, Jiyya, da Rigakafin Labaran Toxoplasmosis a Amurka." Pediatrics. 2017; 139 (2): e20163860. DOI: 10.1542 / peds.2016-3860.
> McAuley, J. "Tsirarru na Toxoplasmosis." J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2014; 3 (Sanya 1): S30- S35. DOI: 10.1093 / jpids / piu077.
> Park, Y. da Nam. H. "Ayyukan Harkokin Bidiyo da Kula da Ingancin Toxoplasmosis." Korean J Parasitol. 2013; 51 (4): 393-399. DOI: 10.3357 / kjp.2013.51.4.393.