Kimanin mutane 30,000 ne aka gano tare da cutar Lyme kowace shekara a Amurka. Cutar cutar Lyme ita ce kamuwa da cutar ta hanyar kwayar da ake kira Borrelia burgdorferi wadda ke yadawa ga mutane ta hanyar cututtukan fata baki daya, wanda aka fi sani da suna ticks. Kwayar cututtuka na iya fara ko'ina daga kwanakin bayan an kwashe ku zuwa shekaru bayan haka. Kusan za ku iya kamuwa da cutar Lyme a arewa maso gabas, Mid-Atlantic, ko jihohin Arewa-tsakiya.
Tarihin Lyme cuta
An gano cutar ta Lyme a shekara ta 1975 bayan da masu bincike suka binciko dalilin da yasa yara da yawa ke bincikar su tare da ƙwayar cututtuka na yara a Lyme, Connecticut, da kuma garuruwa biyu masu makwabtaka. Masu binciken sun gano cewa yawancin yara da suka kamu da cutar sun rayu kuma suna taka rawa a kusa da wuraren da ake da katako inda wuraren zama. Sun kuma gano cewa samfurin farko na yara ya fara ne a cikin watanni na rani, yawancin lokacin da aka yi. Da dama daga cikin marasa lafiya da aka yi hira da su sun ruwaito cewa suna da fatar fata amma kafin su fara maganin arthritis, kuma mutane da yawa sun tuna cewa wani kaso a cikin shafin yanar gizo.
Binciken da aka gano sun gano cewa kananan cututtuka da suka kamu da kwayar halitta ko spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi suna da alhakin fashewa na cututtuka a Lyme. A Turai, an kwatanta fata mai kama da irin cutar Lyme a cikin littattafan kiwon lafiya da suka shafi ƙarshen karni na 20.
Kwayar cutar Lyme ta iya yadawa daga Turai zuwa Amurka a farkon shekarun 1900, amma masana kimiyya kawai sun gane shi a matsayin rashin lafiya.
Cutar cututtuka
A farkon matakansa, cutar Lyme yakan haifar da raguwa da ake kira dirar erythema a yankin daji da kuma wasu lokuta magungunan kamuwa da cutar , matsalolin jijiya, da matsalolin zuciya.
Ya kamata ka nemi magani a wuri-wuri idan ka lura da wani daga cikin wadannan bayyanar cututtuka kuma ka san ko zaton kana iya cike da takaddama, musamman idan kana zaune a ciki ko ka tafi zuwa yankin da aka sani ga cutar Lyme.
Dalilin
Cutar cutar Lyme ta haifar da kwayar cutar ta Borrelia burgdorferi , wadda aka kawowa ga mutane ta hanyar kamuwa da cutar. Wasu dalilai , irin su jinsin halittu, zasu iya rinjayar alamunku.
Sanin asali
Kwayar cutar Lyme wani lokaci ana iya bincikar shi tare da gwagwarmayar antibody amma yawancin lokutta ana bincikar ku da alamun alamunku , musamman ma idan ba ku da ragowar ƙirar erythema. Sabbin gwaje-gwaje ana ci gaba don taimakawa wajen ba da cikakkiyar ganewar asali.
Jiyya
Babban magungunan cutar Lyme abu ne na maganin maganin rigakafi. Duk da haka, wasu matakai na iya buƙatar ɗauka dangane da bayyanar cututtuka da kuma tsawon lokacin da kuka kamu da cutar.
Rigakafin
Akwai hanyoyi da dama da za ku iya hana cututtukan da za su iya haifar da cutar Lyme, ta yadda za ku sa tufafi don yadda kuka kasance wuri mai faɗi don yin la'akari game da duba takaddun a kowace rana a lokacin kakar wasa. Wani sabon maganin rigakafi na cutar Lyme yana aiki a kan.
Facts Game da Ticks
Abin da kawai saboda cikewarka ta hanyar kamuwa da cutar ba dole ba ne nufin za ku yi kwangilar cutar Lyme.
Baƙarar cizon ba ta faru a cikin gajeren seconds kamar ciwon sauro ko kudan zuma ba. Likitoci a kan mutum ko dabba na tsawon lokaci yayin da yake shan jini daga mai watsa shiri. Idan kasan ya kamu da cutar, zai iya watsa kwayoyin zuwa ga mai watsa shiri.
Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka na Cututtuka (CDC) ya ce kasan ya kamata a kasance a haɗe da jikinka har tsawon sa'o'i 24 ko fiye domin ku ci gaba da cutar Lyme. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa aka ba da shawara cewa ka bincika kanka, 'yan iyalinka, da dabbobinku sau ɗaya a rana a lokacin kakar wasa. Abincin cizon da yake dashi ga wani lokaci mai tsawo ba zai iya watsa cutar ba.
Tick da ke kawo cutar Lyme a Amurka (waɗannan alamu suna kama da kama) sun haɗa da:
- Farin baki ko mai lakabi mai suna Ixodes scapularis , wanda ya fi kowa a Arewa, Mid-Atlantic, da kuma tsakiyar tsakiya
- Wakilin baƙar fata na yammacin da ake kira Ixodes pacificus , wanda aka samo a Yammacin Coast
Akwai adadi da yawa a duk faɗin duniya da ba sa ɗauke da cutar Lyme, ciki har da Lone star ticks ( Amblyomma americanum ), da takarda kare kare dan Amurka ( Dermacentor variabilis ), da takarda na Rocky Mountain ( Dermacentor andersoni ), Rhipicephalus sanguineus ). Wannan ba yana nufin waɗannan tikiti basu iya ɗaukar ko aika wasu cututtuka ba, duk da haka.
Matsayin Deer da Rodents
Ƙananan rodents da deer suna taka muhimmiyar gudummawa a cikin raƙuman rai. Yankakken Deer sun sa qwai da suka zama cikin larvae da suke ciyar da mice da sauran kananan dabbobi. Daga baya sai tsutsa suka fara girma cikin ƙananan cututtukan da ake kira nymphs, wadanda ke ciyar da kananan dabbobi da kuma mutane. Maƙalar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa sukan ba da abinci a kan ƙwararru a lokacin balagaggen ɓangaren rayuwarsu. Duk hanyoyi biyu da ƙananan kasuwa na iya kawo sako kwayoyin cuta na Lyme.
Inda aka gano Lyme Cutar
An bayar da rahoton cutar ta Lyme a kusan dukkanin jihohi a Amurka, kodayake wani mai haƙuri zai iya samun kwanciyar hankali a cikin wani jihohin da ba a san shi ba. Fiye da kashi 95 cikin dari na duk wadanda aka ruwaito daga waɗannan jihohin sun fito ne daga waɗannan jihohi:
- Connecticut
- Delaware
- Maine
- Maryland
- Massachusetts
- Minnesota
- New Hampshire
- New Jersey
- New York
- Pennsylvania
- Rhode Island
- Vermont
- Virginia
- Wisconsin
Har ila yau ana samun cutar Lyme a manyan yankunan Asiya da Turai.
Kalma Daga
Idan an gano ku tare da cutar Lyme, bisharar ita ce, maganin da ya dace tare da maganin rigakafi yakan haifar da cikakken farfadowa, ko da magungunan cutar. Ko da yake cutar Lyme tana da kalubale masu yawa na kiwon lafiyar jama'a, suna da kalubalantar dabarun nazarin ilimin kiwon lafiya da ke da kyau don saduwa. Sabuwar bayani game da cutar Lyme tana haɗuwa da sauri, saboda godiyar kimiyya da aka gudanar a duniya.
> Sources:
> Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka (CDC). Lyme cuta. Updated Janairu 19, 2018.
> Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka (CDC). Lyme Cutar: Data da Statistics. Updated Nuwamba 13, 2017.
> Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka (CDC). Lyme cuta: Tambayoyi da yawa. Updated Satumba 5, 2017.