A ka'idar immunological ka'idodin tsufa ya tabbatar da cewa tsarin tafiyar da tsofaffiyar mutum shine, a gaskiya, wani nau'i mai mahimmanci da kuma cikakkiyar nau'i na wani abu mai mahimmanci na maye gurbin. Sakamakon haka, ka'idar ta tabbatar da cewa yawan tsufa, wani tsari mai mahimmanci, shine yawancin tsarin sarrafawa. Hanyar tsufa wani abu ne mai ban mamaki kuma ba'a fahimta sosai a cikin al'umman kiwon lafiya da kimiyya.
Yayin da muka saba da tsarin da kanta, har yanzu ba mu gano ainihin dalilin ba, wanda shine akidu kamar ka'idar immunological na tsufa ya shigo.
Tushen Matsalar Immunological na Tsufa
Yayin da mutane ke da shekaru, muna fuskanci dukkanin canjin canje-canje a kusan dukkanin ayyukan mu na physiological, ciki har da rigakafi da kuma tsarin tsarin aiki. Masana kimiyya sun tabbatar da cewa aikin rigakafi yana da karfinta tare da shekaru, wanda ke taimakawa ga dukkanin batutuwa masu mahimmanci a tsakanin tsofaffi daga ƙananan cututtukan kiwon lafiya da cututtukan da ke tattare da su kamar mura ko mura don ci gaba da cututtuka na cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta. Duk da yake bayanai sun nuna cewa canje-canje a cikin tsarin aikin rigakafi a cikin tsofaffi na iya zama alama ce ta tsarin tsufa, masu bada shawara game da ka'idar immunological na tsufa da baya da dangantaka. Wadannan masu ilimin sunyi imanin cewa yawancin alamu na tsufa kamar cutar na yau da kullum suna haifar da canje-canje a cikin tsarin rigakafi.
Tsarin Rashin Jima'i Na Kasa
An san shi da yawa cewa tsarin na rigakafi wanda ya yi kama da tsufa yana iya haifar da tasiri a kan tsawon rayuwarsa. Tsarin tsarin rigakafi yana da mahimmanci a kiyaye jikinmu lafiya. Ba wai kawai yana kare mu ba game da ƙwayoyin cuta da kwayoyin cutar, kuma yana taimakawa wajen ganewa da kuma cire ciwon daji da kuma gubobi.
Yayin da muka tsufa, yiwuwar waɗannan abubuwa don haifar da lalacewa a jikinmu yana ƙaruwa.
Amma abin da ba a sani ba shine abin da ke haifar da waɗannan canje-canje a cikin tsarin tsarin da ba su da shi da kuma yadda suke ci gaba da cigaba. Akwai wasu bayanan mutum mai karfi wanda ya nuna cewa rashin lafiyar tsofaffi na tsarin haihuwa ba zai iya, a kalla a cikin wani ɓangare, haifar da / ko bayyana wasu sassan abubuwan da aka sani game da matakan tsufa ba.
Ta yaya Canjin Canjin Kwayoyin Kwayoyin Kwayar Zai Ciki Jiki
Bayan kasancewa mafi kusantar ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta guda ɗaya da cututtuka na kwayan cuta, waɗannan canje-canje na tsarin rigakafi sun fi tasiri.
Mun sani cewa yayin da muka tsufa, lambobin kwayoyin cututtuka a cikin tsarin na rigakafi sun karu kuma sun zama ƙasa da aikin. Mun kuma sani cewa kafin farawa shekaru 20, thymus (wanda shine yanayin kwakwalwa wanda ke da alhakin samar da wasu kwayoyin rigakafi) ya fara karuwa. Amma idan yazo da ka'idar immunological na tsufa, wasu a cikin likitan kimiyyar likita suna nuna kara yawan kwayoyin halitta na immunogenetic a matsayin mai laifi. Ka'idar ta tabbatar da cewa wannan ƙarar daɗaɗɗa ko maye gurbin tsufa a cikin tsufa na iya haifar da rashin fahimtar tantancewar jiki da ɓarkewar wasu tsarin ilimin lissafin jiki, wanda hakan yana haifar da halayen kamar yadda yake kamar ƙonewa na yau da kullum.
A yau, ana daukan ciwon kumburi na yau da kullum don taimakawa ga dukan mahalarta marasa lafiya da na rashin lafiya daga ciwon daji zuwa Alzheimer's .
Kimiyyar Yarinya
Ka'idar immunological ka'idodin tsufa shine kawai ka'idar da ke ƙoƙarin bayyana dalilin da yasa kuma yadda muke da shekaru. Yayinda yake tabbatacciyar tabbatacciya, yana hulɗa da ƙwayoyin tafiyar matakai masu mahimmanci da tsarin (tsufa da rigakafi) wanda ba mu fahimta ba.
Sources:
Ƙunar da ke ƙarƙashin Microscope; Cibiyoyin Kula da Lafiya na Ƙasar, Cibiyar Nazarin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙasar.
Franceschi, C., da J. Campisi. "Kwancen kumburi (Flammaging) da Ƙarfinsa na Kwarewa ga Cututtuka na Age-Associated." Littattafai na Gerontology Series A: Kimiyyar Halittu da Kimiyyar Kimiyyar Kimiyyar Kimiyyar Kimiyyar Kimiyya 69.Suppl 1 (2014).
Fulop, T., JM Witkowski, G. Pawelec, C. Alan, da A. Larbi. "A kan ka'idar Immunological of Aging." Tsarin Tsarin Mulki a Gerontology 39 (2014): 163-76.
Walford, Roy L. "Ka'idar Immunologic of Aging." The Gerontologist 4.4 (1964): 195-97.