Mutum shida sun hadu a watan Maris na 1917 don kafa Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Duniya don inganta Harkokin Kasuwancin. Wadannan su shida an ladafta suna kasancewa masu kafa aikin farfadowa.
Amma, ƙwazo da kuma sha'awar da ke kewaye da yin amfani da ayyuka a matsayin magani na yau da kullum ba wai mutane shida suke ba. Hanyar tsakanin wani taro na maza da mata guda 6 kamar yadda ya kamata a cikin shekaru 100 bayan haka yana da mutane masu yawa a kan hanya.
Bisa gagarumar girmamawa, Susan Elizabeth Tracy, Herbert J. Hall, MD, da kuma Adolf Meyer suna da tasiri sosai a cikin farkon shekarun aikin sana'a. Dukkanin uku suna da hulɗar yau da kullum tare da mawallafa shida da yau, ana iya samun gudummawar su, saboda dukansu sun rubuta manyan ayyuka waɗanda suka taimaka wajen bunkasa aikin farfadowa.
Hada darajar kanka tare da ayyukansu, da kuma waɗannan mutane uku, yana da mahimmanci don fahimtar ci gaban aikin likita.
Susan Elizabeth Tracy
An gayyaci Susan Tracy don zama wani ɓangare na rukunin kafa, amma tana koyar da hanya a cikin aikin kuma ba zai halarci ba. Saboda haka, Susan an lasafta shi a matsayin mai kirkiro maimakon wanda ya kafa.
Tracy ya horar da matsayin m kuma yana amfani da ayyukan tare da marasa lafiya don hanzarta aikin warkaswa (da kuma horas da sauran masu jinya su yi haka) tun farkon 1905.
Da dama daga cikin wadanda suka samo asali suka maida hankalin su akan binciken da ake amfani da su na aikin likita ga wadanda ke da yanayin kiwon lafiya.
Tracy ga wani aikace-aikacen da ya fi girma. A shekara ta 1910, ta wallafa littafin Nazarin Aikin Aiki . Rubutun sura na littafinta suna ba da shawara, a cikin kalmomin Tracy, waɗanda zasu iya amfana daga yin amfani da ayyuka: yara masu kama da yara, ƙuntata matsayi, a ɓoye, darussa guda ɗaya, ɗayan da ke cikin asibiti, tsohuwar, dan kasuwa, tare da ƙwanƙwasa iko, a lokacin jiran, ba tare da gani ba, tunanin hankali.
Herbert J. Hall, MD
Herbert Hall ya kammala karatu a 1885 tare da digiri na likita daga Harvard. Hall yana da sha'awar haɗaka aikin Arts da Crafts zuwa magani. Ayyukan sa na aikin kulawa sun mayar da hankali ga tsarawa da kuma gudanar da "aikin farfadowa" a matsayin magani ga marasa lafiya da rashin tausayi. Ya bude wani bitar a Massachusetts inda ya hayar ma'aikata don koyar da hannayen hannu-laƙaƙa, tukwane, kayan aiki da aiki na itace. A 1905 da 1909 Hall ya karbi kyautar dala 1000 daga Harvard don taimakawa wajen nazarin maganin neurasthenia ta wurin aikin.
Don dalilan da zan so in san, wanda aka sanya shi don shiga cikin Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙasa don inganta Harkokin Kasuwanci ya hana William Rush Dunton ya ƙaryata shi.
Hall ya ci gaba da aiki a matsayin shugaban Hukumar Nazarin Harkokin Kasuwancin Amirka daga 1920-1922.
Hall ya wallafa littattafai guda uku da har yanzu suna da damar masu karatu: The Untroubled Mind, Ayyukan Mu: A Nazarin Ayyuka don Bazawa , da Zane-zane ga marasa lafiya .
Adolf Meyer
Meyer wani masanin ilimin likita ne a farkon rabin karni na 20. Ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ilimin likita ne kuma masanin asibitin John Hopkins na tsawon shekaru 30 kuma ya kasance shugaban kungiyar 'yan likitancin Amurka daga 1927-1928.
Matsayin Meyer da sha'awa ga aikin haƙuri ya fara tun farkon 1892 kuma ya tattauna shi a daya daga cikin takardun farko da aka gabatar a Amurka.
A John Hopkins, ya ha] a da Eleanor Clarke Slagle a matsayin Darakta na Farfesa. Slagle, yanzu an dauke shi mahaifiyar aikin sana'a, ya kira Meyer matsayin babbar tasiri akan aikinta.
Meyer ya rubuta Falsafa na Farfesa na Farfesa kuma ya gabatar da shi a karo na biyar na taron shekara-shekara na Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Ƙasa don Gyara Harkokin Kasuwancin. Abubuwan da ke ƙasa suna nuna karin fahimtar psykcobiololgy - ra'ayin da ya yi nasara - wanda magungunan ilimin likita ya lura da abubuwan da ke rayuwa, zamantakewa, da kuma tunanin mutum lokacin da ya tsara magani.
Wannan fahimtar cikakkiyar fahimtar marasa lafiyarsa an haɗa shi tare da sha'awar aikin likita.
Jikinmu ba nau'i ne kawai na nama da ƙashi ba ne a matsayin na'ura, tare da hankali ko ruhu wanda ya kara da shi. Yana cikin dukkan kwayoyin halitta da ke motsa jiki tare da ragowar hutawa da kuma aiki, lokacin da zazzage (kamar yadda zamu iya faɗi) a cikin hanyoyi da dama, mafi yawan fahimta da kuma cikakkiyar yanayin yanayinsa lokacin da ya ji kansa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan masu girma -ya jagorancin masu samar da makamashi wadanda suka kasance ainihin duniyar halittu masu rai.