Akwai manyan nau'i biyu na ciwon kwakwalwa: wadanda farawa a cikin kwakwalwa (na farko) da kuma waɗanda ke yadawa daga ciwon daji a wani wuri a jiki (metastasis). Kwayar ciwon kwakwalwa na farko, irin su glioma, ya faru sau da yawa, kuma lokacin da suka yi, sun fi kyau (cancerous). Kyakkyawar ƙwayar jikin itace kwayar cutar ko ciwon ciwon daji wanda ke ci gaba da girma; ba ya yin wani abu sai dai ciyar da jiki don haka zai iya girma.
Gliomas sun kasance mafi yawan rukuni na ciwon kwakwalwa na kwakwalwa. Akwai nau'o'in gliomas: astrocytomas, wanda ke faruwa a ko'ina a cikin kwakwalwa ko kashin baya; kwakwalwa ta kafa gliomas, wadda take tashi a cikin mafi ƙasƙanci na kwakwalwa; ependymomas, wanda ke ci gaba a cikin kwakwalwa, a cikin kwakwalwar ventricles, da kuma oligodendrogliomas, wanda yawanci sukan girma a cikin kwayar (rare sosai, wakiltar kawai kashi 3 cikin dukkan ciwon kwakwalwa na kwakwalwa na farko). Anyi amfani da astrocytoma mai girma glioblastoma; Wadannan suna wakiltar kashi 23 cikin 100 na dukan ciwon kwakwalwa na kwakwalwa.
Statistics
A cewar Ƙwararren Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Amurka, ƙwararren ƙwaƙwalwar kwakwalwa ta fara faruwa a cikin kashi 12.8 cikin 100,000. Kodayake mutane na kowane zamani zasu iya ci gaba da ciwon kwakwalwa, matsalar ta zama mafi yawan yara a shekarun shekaru 3 zuwa 12 kuma a cikin shekarun shekaru 40 zuwa 70. A Amurka, kimanin yara 2,200 da ke da shekaru 20 suna binciko kowace shekara tare da ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwaƙwalwa .
A baya, likitoci ba su tunani game da ciwon kwakwalwa a cikin tsofaffi ba. Saboda karuwa da sani da kuma ingantaccen fasaha na kwakwalwar kwakwalwa, mutane da shekaru 85 da haihuwa sun riga an bincikar su da kuma bi da su.
Matsalar da za a bi
Tumors girma a cikin kwakwalwa suna da wuyar magance. Ɗaya daga cikin irin maganin shi ne radiation na waje, inda radiation ke wucewa ta kwakwalwa zuwa ƙwayar cuta.
Abin takaici, wannan yana nuna nauyin kwakwalwar kwakwalwa ta hanyar haɗari radiation. Wani magani shine m cire ƙwayar cutar, idan zai yiwu, sai dai chemotherapy. Duk waɗannan jiyya suna da wuyar shiga ta kuma sanya hadarin ga mai haƙuri. Abin baƙin ciki shine, yawancin gliomas sunyi girma ko da bayan magani.
Akwai dalilai da dama da ya sa yana da wuyar kawar da waɗannan nau'in ciwon kwakwalwa. Wasu kwayoyi ba zasu iya shiga cikin kwakwalwa ba saboda tsarin gyaran gyare-gyare na musamman a cikin jiki (wanda ake kira kwantar da jini ). Wasu ciwace-ciwacen sun yada cikin (ruɗa) yatsun da ke kewaye da su tare da ƙananan hanyoyi. Yawancin ciwace-ciwacen da ke dauke da kwayar halitta fiye da ɗaya a cikinsu, saboda haka chemotherapy da aka jagorancin wani nau'in tantanin halitta a cikin ƙwayar cuta ba zai kashe sauran kwayoyin ba.
Saukewa a kan Gargajiya Traditional
Sabbin hanyoyi na zalunta da ciwon kwakwalwa suna bincike, ciki har da gyaggyara maganin da ake ciki yanzu da kuma samar da sababbin hanyoyin da za a ba da magani.
Don samun maganin ƙwayar cutar ƙwayoyin cuta fiye da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar jini, alal misali, masu bincike suna karuwa da kwayoyi da kuma inject da kwayoyi kai tsaye a cikin jini na kwakwalwa. Sabuwar hanya tana sanya chemotherapy dama a shafin yanar gizo. Bayan an tilastawa, za'a iya sanya kananan ƙwayoyin filastik gyare-gyare a inda yatsun yake.
Wadannan maganganun sun watsar da kwayoyin cutar shan magani a can.
Wani abu mai kama da za a iya yi tare da radiation far. Bayan an cire tumɓir, an saka wani zane mai kwakwalwa a cikin kogon hagu ta tsutsa. Gilashin ya cika da radiation na ruwa, kuma a mako mai zuwa, yana haskaka jikin da ke kusa da shi don kashe duk sauran kwayoyin cutar ciwon daji.
Antiangiogenesis
Masu bincike suna duban maganin tumo daga magunguna masu ban sha'awa. Ɗaya daga cikin wadannan hanyoyi shine maganin ƙwayar cuta. Wannan yana nufin rage wa'adin jini zuwa ƙari don haka ba kawai zai yi girma ba, zai razana kuma ya mutu. Ɗaya daga cikin binciken ya gwada magungunan antioangiogenic, Thalidomide, tare da marasa lafiya wadanda ke da gliomas da yawa wadanda ba su amsa radiation da / ko chemotherapy.
Bayan shekara daya bayan fara magani, kashi 25 cikin 100 na marasa lafiya suna da rai, ko da yake ciwon sukarin suna ci gaba. Masu bincike sun nuna cewa za'a iya gwada Thalidomide a cikin marasa lafiya, kuma an hada su da radiation da chemotherapy.
Yin amfani da tsarin ba da izini ba
Wani mahimmanci game da maganin glioma da ake nazari shine amfani da tsarin jiki na jiki don yaki da ciwon sukari. Masu binciken a binciken sun dauki marasa lafiya 19 tare da gliomas, sunyi maganin alurar rigakafi ga kowannensu ta yin amfani da kwayoyin jikinsu, kuma bayan da alurar riga kafi ya sa kowane mutum ya samar da jini na jini (wanda ke yaki da kamuwa da cuta). Bakwai bakwai daga cikin marasa lafiya sun nuna amsa ga maganin. A cikin marasa lafiya takwas, masu bincike sun iya ganin martani kan x-ray, kuma biyar daga cikin marasa lafiya sun inganta sosai. Wasu daga cikin marasa lafiya sun rayu har tsawon shekaru biyu bayan jiyya.
Poliovirus
Wata magungunan da za a iya karɓar labarai shine amfani da poliovirus don kai hari ga gliomas. Masu bincike gano cewa poliovirus yana da janyo hankalin mutum zuwa ga sinadaran da aka samo akan gliomas. Duk da haka, tun da ba su so su haifar da cutar shan inna, sun yi amfani da aikin injiniya don daukar wani ɓangaren cutar da ke haifar da sanyi (rhinovirus) kuma sanya shi a cikin poliovirus. Wannan "ya ɓace" cutar da ke haifar da cutar poliovirus. Masu bincike sun halicci gliomas a cikin mice, sa'annan sun gwada sabuwar cutar akan ciwon sukari. Sun yi farin cikin ganin cewa an kawar da ciwon sukari. Mataki na gaba zai tsara wani binciken bincike don gwada cutar a cikin mutane.
> Sources:
> Ƙungiyar Kwaminisancin Amirka ta Brain. Facts da Statistics.
> {Ungiyar {asashen Jama'a ta {asar Amirka, don Cibiyar Ilimin Kimiyyar Lafiya "Poliovirus ne ke sarrafa kwakwalwa." Rahoton watsa labarai, Mayu 22, 2001.
> Fine, HA, Figg, WD, Jaeckle, K, et al. (2000). Mataki na II na gwaji na wakili na asibiti Thalidomide a cikin marasa lafiya da gliomas. J Clin Oncol, Vol. 18, Babu 4, shafi 708-715.
> Furen, A. (2000). Ciwon ciwon zuciya a cikin tsofaffi. Cancer Control, Vol. 7, No. 6, shafi na 523-538.
> Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa. Abin da Kuna Bukatar Sanin Game da Tumar Tumar.
> Sloan, AE, Dansey, R., Zmorano, L., Barger, G., Hamm, C., Diaz, F., Baynes, R., Wood, G. (2000). Adoptive immunotherapy a marasa lafiya tare da m glioma. Neurosurg Fabia, Vol. 9, A'a. 6.
> Cibiyar Kiwon Lafiya na Jami'ar Wake. "Wake Forest na farko a > duniya > don yin maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa." Rahoton watsa labarai, Mayu 25, 2001.