Farfesa ko ƙwararrun myelofibrosis, wanda aka fi sani da agugenic myeloid metaplasia, wani cuta ne na kasusuwa na kasusuwan inda karfin ya haifar da nama mai fibrous kuma yana samar da jini maras kyau. Myelofibrosis mai cututtuka yana daya daga cikin maganin myeloproliferative . Wannan cuta tana shafi maza da mata kuma yawanci ana bincikar su a tsakanin mutane 50 zuwa 70, amma yana iya faruwa a kowane zamani.
An kiyasta faruwa a 2 daga kowane mutum 1,000,000.
Cutar cututtuka
Yawancin kashi 25 cikin dari na mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar myelofibrosis ba su da alamun bayyanar. Wadanda suke da alamun cututtuka na iya samun:
- Ƙararren girma, wanda zai haifar da rashin jin daɗi a cikin ƙananan hagu ko hagu a cikin ƙananan hagu na hagu
- Dama, gajiya
- Rawancin numfashi
- Asarar nauyi
- Sumi dare
- Binciken jini ba tare da wanda ya dace ba
Wasu siffofin da suka fi tsanani na mielofibrosis na cututtuka na iya samun:
- Tumors da aka yi daga tasowa daga jini wanda zai iya zama a waje da kasusuwa a cikin kowane jikin cikin jiki
- Rage jinin yana yaduwa ga hanta, zai haifar da yanayin da ake kira "hauhawar jini"
- Kwayoyin da aka rarraba a cikin esophagus, wanda aka sani da bambancin esophageal, wanda zai iya rushewa da zub da jini.
Sanin asali
Ga mutanen da ba su da alamun bayyanar cututtuka, za a iya gano mielofibrosis na cututtuka a yayin da bincike na likita na yau da kullum ya samo yalwataccen sakamakon gwajin jini. Wadannan sakamakon zasu iya nuna ƙananan fiye da yawan adadin jinin jini (haddasa anemia ), mafi girma fiye da yawan adadin jinin jini, da kuma yawan mahaukaci na platelets (na iya zama ko babba ko ƙananan).
Wasu mutane, duk da haka, na iya nuna canji kaɗan a cikin lambobin jini.
Lokacin da aka jarraba samfurin jini na mutum a ƙarƙashin microscope, ana iya ganin jini jini marar kyau. Sauran gwaje-gwajen jini na iya zama mawuyacin. Don taimakawa tabbatar da ganewar asali na myelofibrosis, an samo samfurin kasusuwan kwayar halitta (biopsy) kuma an gwada shi a karkashin microscope don gaban fibrosis.
Jiyya
Duk wanda ba shi da alamar cututtuka a kullum ba a bi da shi ba. Ana yin gwaje-gwaje ta jini akai-akai domin saka idanu akan matsalar.
Ga wadanda ke da alamun bayyanar cututtuka, magani yana dogara ne akan rage rashin jin daɗi kuma rage hadarin rikitarwa. Mutum da ke ɗauke da anemia zai iya karɓar ƙarfe, fuka da / ko jini jini. Wasu za a iya bi da su tare da magunguna, kamar Deltasone (prednisone) ko Zometa (zoledronic acid).
Ana iya kula da mutanen da ke da ƙwayoyin jini sosai tare da magunguna, kamar Hydrea (hydroxyurea), Agrylin (anagrelide) ko interfaron alfa.
Wasu mutane na iya buƙatar a cire ƙuƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa (splenectomy), musamman ma idan ta haifar da rikitarwa. Sauran jiyya na iya haɗawa da farfadowa na radiation ko ɓaɓɓuka na jini (tsire-tsire) .
Outlook
A matsakaici, mutanen da ke dauke da myelofibrosis na halayya suna rayuwa har shekaru biyar bayan ganewar asali. Kimanin kashi 20 cikin 100 na mutanen da ke fama da cutar, duk da haka, sun tsira shekaru 10 ko fiye. Wadannan adadi suna karuwa a tsawon lokaci yayin da aka fara sababbin jiyya kuma bincike ya inganta ilimin cutar.
Sources:
> "Idiopathic Myelofibrosis." Bayanin Cutar. 24 Sep 2007. Leukemia & Lymphoma Society.
> Niblack, Joyce. "Mamanin FAQ". MPD-FAQs. 3 Feb 1999. Cibiyar Nazari na MPD, Inc.