An Bayyana dukkanin abubuwan daga Acetaminophen zuwa Norco
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) wani cututtuka ne wanda ke dauke da kwayar cutar ta jiki, wanda ke haifar da kumburi na synovium-abin da ke cikin layin. Abin zafi da kumburi da sakamakon zai iya zama mai tsanani da kuma debilitating. Abin farin, akwai magungunan magunguna daban-daban don magance ƙumburi da RA ta yada da kuma kawar da rashin jin daɗi da yake haifarwa. Ga wani fasali daga cikin manyan sassa biyar na kwayoyi da ake amfani dashi ga RA da kuma rawar da kowa zai iya takawa wajen magance wannan cuta ta hadin gwiwa mai raɗaɗi.
Magungunan anti-inflammatory marasa tayi
Magungunan anti-inflammatory , wadanda ake kira su NSAIDs, sune babban ɓangaren magungunan da aka umurce su don rage ƙonawa , zafi, da zazzaɓi.
Suna aiki ta hanyar hana wani enzyme da ake kira cyclooxygenase (COX) daga yin sinadarin sinadarai-hormone-sinadaran da ke cikin ƙonewa. COX-1 da COX-2 su ne nau'i biyu na wadannan enzymes. Tsarin al'ada NSAIDs, kamar aspirin , naproxen , da ibuprofen toshe duka COX-1 da COX-2. New NSAIDs, irin su Celebrex (celecoxib), toshe kawai COX-2 kuma an ci gaba ne domin an san COX-1 don samun tasiri mai amfani don kare murfin ciki.
Kodayake mafi yawan NSAIDS na buƙatar takardar sayan magani, wasu suna samuwa kan counter a cikin ƙarfin ƙarfi, irin su Advil (ibuprofen) da Aleve (naproxen).
Analgesics
Magunguna su ne magunguna wanda ke taimakawa zafi. Sau da yawa an kira su magunguna ko magunguna. Wannan nau'i na kwayoyi ya hada da kwayoyin cutar ba tare da narcotic irin su Tylenol ( acetaminophen ) da narioid narcotics kamar hydrocodone . Anyi amfani da narcotic da ake kira Ultram ( tramadol ) wanda zai iya kasancewa da jaraba fiye da sauran kwayoyin halittu.
Acponaminophen yana samuwa akan counter, da kuma takardar haɗin gwiwar da aka haɗa da narioid narcotics. Vicodin, Lortab, da Norco sunaye suna da magungunan maganin magungunan hydrocodone da acetaminophen.
Corticosteroids
Corticosteroids , wanda ake kira glucocorticoids, sune kwayoyi masu amfani da kwayoyi wadanda ke nuna sakamakon ciwon cortisol, hormone wanda ya haifar da ƙwayar gwanon da ke shafar abubuwa da yawa a jiki, ciki har da tsarin rigakafi . Cortisol yana da ikon iya sarrafa kumburi da sauri ta hanyar rage yawan matakan prostaglandin da na cytokines masu ƙumburi.
Corticosteroids kamar prednisone suna da irin wannan sakamako a kan kumburi. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa duk da amfanin su, corticosteroids suna da damar samun sakamako mai ban sha'awa irin su ci gaba da ci, riba, riba, da kuma hawan jini-musamman ma idan an dauki su na tsawon lokaci ko a wani babban kashi . Idan likitanku ya sanya ku a kan corticosteroid, yana da muhimmanci a dauki shi daidai yadda aka tsara.
Magunguna-gyaggyara maganin kwayoyi masu tsari
Magungunan maganin cututtukan cututtukan cututtuka (DMARDs) sunyi amfani da magungunan magani wanda ke aiki a bayan al'amuran don rage ci gaban maganin arthritis kuma rage haɗari na lalacewar haɗin gwiwa .
DMARD mafi yawancin umarni ne (wanda aka sayar a ƙarƙashin sunayen alamun Rheumatrex da Trexall). Sauran DMARD sun hada da Plaquenil (hydroxychloroquine), Arava (leflunomide), Azulfidine (sulfasalazine), da kuma Otrexup, wani nau'i na nau'i mai nau'i mai nau'i.
Kamar yadda yake tare da dukkanin kwayoyi, yana da muhimmanci a lura da yiwuwar sakamako mai illa. Idan ka lura da wani abu na damuwa, tuntuɓi likitanka. Zaka kuma yi gwajin jini lokaci-lokaci don saka idanu akan hanta enzymes yayin da aka bi da DMARD.
Ƙananan kwayoyin DMARD ciki har da masu damun JAK suna daga cikin zaɓuɓɓukan sabuwar. Xeljanz (tofacitinib) yana ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan. Yana aiki ta hanyar hana hanya JAK a cikin kwayoyin da ke taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin kumburi da ke hade da cutar arthritis.
Biologics
Binciken halittu , gajere ga masu mayar da martani na halitta, sune sabon nau'in DMARD. Suna yin amfani da kwayoyin halitta daga kwayoyin halitta don su haifar da amsa. A wasu kalmomi, ilimin kwayoyin halitta ya danganci wani ƙwayar gina jiki ko tantanin halitta wanda ke hade da bayyanar cututtuka da haɗuwa da haɗuwa da cututtukan cututtuka na ƙwayoyin ƙwayar cutar. Yawancin kwayoyin halittu suna da inganci, amma wasu ana ba da su cikin intravenously (ta hanyar allura a cikin wani nau'i).
Sources:
> Jagoran maganin ƙwayar cuta a yau. Arthritis Foundation. http://www.arthritis.org/living-with-arthritis/treatments/medication/drug-guide/.
> Firestein, et al. Kelley's Textbook na Rheumatology . 9th edition. Elsevier Inc. 2012.