Yin bincike akan rikice-rikice na iya zama tricky. Kodayake kowane nau'i na ciwon zuciya zai iya haifar da daya, ƙananan haɗuwa-waɗanda suke haifar da mummunan raunin raunin rauni - ba su haɗu da zubar da zubar da jini ko ƙwarewa cikin kwakwalwa ba.
Wannan yana nufin cewa yin amfani da fasaha mai kwakwalwa ta fuskar kwakwalwa irin su yanayin kwaikwayo na magnetic (MRI) ko lissafin kwaikwayo (CT), wanda aka yi don gano tantance cututtuka na ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa (TBI), ba hanya ce mai yiwuwa don tantance ƙwaƙwalwa ba.
Tunda kwakwalwa na iya gane mummunan jini ko zub da jini a cikin kwakwalwa, amma ba lalacewar salon salula ba tsammani ya haifar da bayyanar cututtuka, likitoci dole ne su dogara da ƙwarewar ƙwayoyin cututtuka da aikin neuropsychological.
Wasu lokuta ana yin wannan a kan shafin, nan da nan bayan da wani rauni, lokacin da mai wasan ya sami nasara ko kuma kai tsaye a kai kuma dole ne a yanke shawarar da sauri game da ko zai iya komawa cikin wasan.
Gwajin gwaji
Abubuwan da alamun cututtuka zasu iya bambanta ƙwarai. Wani lokaci yana da ma'anar cewa wani zai iya samun ɗaya. Amma kamar yadda sau da yawa yawan alamar cututtuka ba su da kyau. Mutum yana iya jin "kashewa" ko kuma kamar ba shi "samun" abubuwa ba. A kowane hali, samun ganewar asali na rikice-rikice yawanci yana buƙatar neman abubuwa da dama.
Saboda babu wata gwaji mai sauƙi don bincikar maganganu, yawanci matakai da dama suna da hannu. Cibiyar Cibiyar Zuciya da Spine ta Weill Cornell, alal misali, ta rusa shi zuwa wadannan:
- Gwaje-gwaje ga daban-daban na amnesia. Wadannan sun hada da amintattun sigina, wanda ke nufin rashin tunawa game da abin da ya faru kafin raunin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa, lalacewa na sani, da kuma sakonni na post-traumatic. Abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin post-traumatic yana da mahimmanci saboda zai gaya wa likita mafi yawan bayanai game da alamar mai haƙuri.
- Tabbatar da muhimmancin bayyanar cututtuka da kuma yadda suke da yawa. Sau da yawa wannan wani ɓangare ne na kima a kan shafin yanar gizon wani dan wasan da aka ji rauni a filin, ta hanyar amfani da sikelin daidaitacce. Mafi yawan waɗannan, Sideline Concussion Assessment Tool, ko SCAT-2, yana kallon bayyanar cututtuka, hankali, ƙwaƙwalwa; abubuwan da suka faru kwanan nan a wasan ko taron; da kuma kulawa da matsaloli tare da daidaituwa da daidaitawa.
- Binciken gwajin cututtuka. Wannan na iya ƙunshi gwaje-gwaje na ƙarfin, jin dadi, ƙwaƙwalwa, daidaitawa, da sauran ayyukan aikin neuro.
Jirgin gwaji na farko
Baya ga bincikar gwagwarmaya ta farko a lokacin wani rauni, yana da mahimmanci ga mutanen da za su shiga wani aiki-musamman dalibai-'yan wasan da suke so su shiga cikin wasanni masu yawa irin su kwallon kafa - da za su shawo kan gwajin gwagwarmaya. . A gaskiya ma, wannan yana da bukatar makarantun sakandare, kolejoji, da kuma manyan ƙungiyoyin tafiya.
Dalilin da ya sa dan wasan ya buƙaci gwajin gwagwarmaya na farko shine mutane masu lafiya ba suyi daidai da gwaje-gwajen da za su iya gwadawa irin su gudun, daidaito, da kuma hankalin ido ba. Wannan yana nufin cewa yin aiki a gwajin gwagwarmaya ba dole ba ne "mai kyau" ko "mara kyau" a kan kansa, amma dole ne ya dogara ne akan ko akwai matsala mai mahimmanci da aka kwatanta da tushen da aka saita kafin raunin kansa .
Idan dalibi-mai wasan yana da hankali a hankali ko rashin daidaituwa akan gwajin bayan gwagwarmaya bayan rauni na rauni, to, ƙananan ci gaba zai iya kasancewa alama ce ta rikici. Tare da bincike na bincike da kuma cikakkiyar bayyanar cututtuka irin su barci, zafi, ko matsala da hankali, ana iya amfani da sakamakon gwagwarmayar gwagwarmaya don taimakawa wajen tantance ko dan wasan ya sha wahala daga rikici.
Gwagwarmayar gwagwarmaya ta ƙunshi dukkanin jarrabawar neuropsychological da aka tsara don tantancewa da kuma cike da wani matashi a kan basira wanda ya ƙunshi bangarori daban-daban na aikin kwakwalwarsa. Jirgin gwaje-gwaje na farko sun haɗa da ɗawainiya da ke daidaita matsalar warware matsalar, lokacin amsawa, gudunmawa, hangen nesa, da daidaituwa.
Babu matakan zane-zane na yau da kullum wanda aka buƙata ta hanyar likita ko wasanni. Akwai hanyoyi masu yawa don kafa tsayayyar rikici, ciki har da ƙwarewar mutum-mutumin ko wani adireshin farko. Har ila yau, akwai wasu gwaje-gwajen basirar da ke samuwa a kasuwar da za a iya amfani dasu don kafa wata mahimmanci ga dan wasan kafin kakar wasa ta fara.
Za a iya gwada gwaje-gwaje na farko da kwakwalwa ta hanyar kwamfuta ko ta kwararren likita, dangane da irin jarrabawa da kuma ka'idojin wasanni ko makarantar. Sakamakon bayanan da aka samo a rubuce kuma an ajiye su don haka idan idan wani dan wasan ya sha wahala daga rikici, zai iya sake gwadawa don gwadawa.
Misali na gwajin gwajin kwamfuta ya samo asali ne daga masu bincike a Cibiyar Nazarin Wasannin Wasanni na Pittsburgh na Jami'ar Pittsburgh kuma an kira shi Kwanan Tsarin Gidajen Kwafi da Ƙwararrakin Kwarewa ko Impact. Wannan gwajin ya ƙaddamar da ƙwaƙwalwar mai kira, lokaci mai sauƙi, da kuma tafiyar da sauri don taimakawa wajen gane lokacin da mai wasan zai iya komawa wasanni lafiya bayan rauni. An yi amfani da shirin ImPACT a yawancin makarantu da kwalejoji, da kuma na National Football League da kungiyar Hockey League.
> Sources:
> Hall E, Cikin Yakin C, Ketcham C, Patel K, da Barnes KP. "Gwajin gwaje gwaje-gwaje: Ƙananan dalilai, cututtukan cututtuka, da Ayyukan Neurocognitive, J Athl Train Jan 10, 2017. DOI: 10.4085 / 1062-6050-51.12.21
> Thomas, RE, Alves, J, Vaska, MM, da Magalhaes, R. "SCAT2 da SCAT3 Scores a Baseline da kuma Bayan Ra'ayin da ke da nasaba da wasan motsa jiki." BMJ Open Sport & Exer Med . 2016; 2 : e000095. DOI: 10.1136 / bmjsem-2015-000095.
> Cibiyar Cibiyar Zuciya ta Cibiyar Cibiyar Kyau da Cibiyar Spin. "Tattaunawa da Kulawa." Nov 2014.