Koyi game da yadda ake yaduwar mutum na papillomavirus (HPV)
Kwayar cutar papillomavirus ( HPV ), wadda take da nau'i daban-daban fiye da 100, ita ce cutar ta musamman wadda ta shafi fiye da miliyan Amirka miliyan 20. Yayinda mutane da yawa ke dauke da kwayar cuta kuma basu da wata alamar cutar ko matsalolin kiwon lafiya, wasu cututtuka na wannan kwayar cutar na iya haifar da yanayin kiwon lafiya, ciki har da warts da ciwon daji. Duk da yake mafi yawan mutane suna sane cewa ana iya yaduwa ta HPV ta hanyar sadarwar jima'i, wata tambaya ce da ake tambaya ita ce "Shin HPV ta kamu da cutar ta hanyar jima'i (STD)?
Amsar ita ce mafi rikitarwa fiye da guda ko a'a. Bari muyi magana game da dalilin da ya sa hakan yake.
Shin Kwayar cutar ta mutum (HPV) ta kamu da cututtuka (STD)?
Ko ɗan adam papillomavirus (HPV) ita ce cutar ta hanyar jima'i (STD) tana buƙatar neman abubuwa biyu. Ɗaya shine yadda ake daukar kwayar cutar. Ba dukkanin STD na daukar kwayar cutar ba, kuma zamu duba wannan batu. Sauran damuwa ko HPV ne ainihin (ko kullum) wata cuta.
Jima'i daukar kwayar cutar cututtuka vs jima'i daukar kwayar cutar Cututtuka
Hanyoyin cututtuka ( STIs ) dauke da jima'i sune cututtuka da aka kawo ta hanyar wani ɓangare na ma'amala. KURANYUYI suna samuwa da yawa kuma suna iya haifar da kwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, ko mabobi. Kwayar cutar ta mutum yana dauke da daya daga cikin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta da aka fi sani da ita. Ana daukar kwayar ta hanyar lalatawar fata (ba ta hanyar maniyyi) ba, wanda ke nufin cewa ba za a shiga cikin hawan shiga ba domin ya wuce daga mutum zuwa wani.
Sanya mafi sauƙi, fasillovirus ɗan adam ya yada ta hanyar fata-fata-fata. Tsarin yara na ainihi zai iya isa ya yada cutar. A wasu kalmomi, budurwai na iya zama kamuwa da HPV.
Harkokin jima'i da tsauraran hanyoyi ne magungunan na HPV, kamar yadda yake jima'i jima'i , ko da shike bai kasance ba.
Ko da yake an dauke HPV a matsayin STI saboda yanayin sa, ba koyaushe an rarraba shi a matsayin cutar ta hanyar jima'i (STD). Wannan shi ne saboda kalmar "cuta" na iya bayar da shawarar wata matsala ta lafiya wanda ke da alamun bayyanannu ko bayyanar cututtuka. Lokacin da mutumin da yake da abubuwan HPV ba shi da alamun bayyanar cututtuka, ana iya bayyana HPV a matsayin kamuwa da cuta wanda zai iya ko ba zai haifar da wata cuta ba . Ya kamata a lura, duk da haka, ba duk likitocin kiwon lafiya ba ne wannan bambanci.
Yawancin cututtuka tare da HPV an share su a cikin watanni 12 zuwa 24 kuma basu ci gaba da haifar da cutar.
Yadda za a Rage Ƙarin Rarraba HPV
Tun lokacin da mutum zai iya yin maganin fata ba kawai ta hanyar shiga jiki ba, rigakafin zai iya zama da wahala. Abinda aka tabbatar da shi shine hana rigakafi na mutum ne ta hanyar cikakkiyar zubar da ciki (ba tare da shiga kowane nau'i na zina ba); Duk da haka, wannan ba daidai ba ne ga mafi yawan.
Kwaroron roba zai iya taimakawa (kuma ana bada shawara idan kana son taimakawa wajen hana wasu cututtuka da cututtuka masu jima'i, da kuma ciki), amma ka tuna cewa suna samar da kariya mai iyaka daga HPV saboda akwai wasu ɓangarorin da ba a kare ba a lokacin ayyukan jima'i.
Saboda wahalar da ke hana HPV ta jiki, "rigakafin zamantakewa" ya shiga cikin wasa. Wannan yana nufin ƙoƙari ya san sabon abokin tarayya kafin ya sami wani kusanci na kusa. Ƙididdige adadin abokan hulɗa da kuke haɗuwa yana da taimako. Kuma ga wadanda suka kamu da cutar, yana da muhimmanci, saboda yana nuna cewa masu shan taba suna iya samun kamuwa da cuta (shan taba yana iya rage ikon jiki don kawar da cutar).
Kwayar cutar ta HPV ma yana da taimako, amma don gane ƙwayoyin maganin daban-daban, yana da muhimmanci a fahimci nau'o'in cutar.
Iri da madaidaiciya na HPV
Akwai ƙwayar cuta fiye da 100 na cutar HPV, amma waɗannan nau'o'in sun bambanta sosai a kan ikon su na haifar da cutar. An rushe su a cikin mummunan haɗari da ƙananan haɗari kamar haka:
- Ciwo da ke haifar da ciwon daji (ƙananan damuwa). HPV 16 da 18 na lissafin kusan kashi 70 cikin 100 na magungunan mahaifa. Bugu da ƙari ga HPV 16 da 18, raunin HPV da aka haɗa da ciwon daji sun hada da 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, da 59. Akwai wasu cututtuka da aka haɗu da cututtukan HPV, ciki har da kai da ƙwayoyin wuyansa (musamman harshe da cututtuka, waɗanda suka fi dacewa da HPV 16), ciwon daji, da ciwon gwaninta, maganin ciwon daji, da ciwon kwari na penile. Tambayoyi suna tasowa game da wasu cututtuka, kamar haɗuwa tsakanin HPV da ciwon huhu na huhu.
- Raunin da ke haifar da yaduwar cutar (ƙananan damuwa). Hidimar HPV 6 da 11 na kimanin kashi 90 na nauyin wariyar mace a maza da mata. Wadannan warts na iya faruwa a kan al'amuran, a bakin, ko a kan makogwaro. Ƙananan haɗari na HPV na iya haifar da papillomatosis na numfashi , yanayin da nodules ke yi a kan muryoyin muryar da ke haifar da gajeren numfashi da sauran alamun bayyanar.
Kwayar HPV
Kwayar HPV wata hanya ce ta taimakawa hana cutar. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa akwai maganin rigakafi daban-daban guda uku da ke da tasiri akan nau'o'in cutar, kuma babu wani maganin alurar rigakafi da ke kare kowane nau'i na HPV wanda zai iya cutar da mutum. Wannan hanya ce mai tsawo don cewa hanyoyin tsaro a sama suna da mahimmanci mahimmanci ko da an yi maka maganin alurar riga kafi kan wasu matsaloli na HPV. Alurar riga kafi na yanzu sun hada da:
- Gardasil. An amince da shi a shekara ta 2006, Gardasil ita ce ta farko na rigakafi na HPV don a yarda. Yana da tasiri a kan HPV 6 da 11, dalilin da kashi 90 cikin dari na zartar jima'i, da kuma HPV 16 da 18, shine dalilin kashi 70 cikin 100 na magungunan mahaifa. Shi ne FDA-amincewa ga mata da maza tsakanin shekarun 9 da 26.
- Cervarix. Cervarix shi ne na biyu na rigakafin da za'a yarda da shi kuma an samo shi tun 2009. Yana da tasiri akan HPV 16 da 18. An yarda da mata masu shekaru 9 zuwa 25.
- Gardasil 9. An dakatar da Gardasil 9 a shekarar 2014 da ke dauke da maganin rigakafi na HPV. Yana da tasiri a kan HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, da 58. An riga an yarda da maganin rigakafi na mata tsakanin shekarun 9 da 26 don hana magungunan mahaifa, vulvar, ciwon ciki, da kuma ciwon daji, kuma a cikin maza tsakanin shekarun 9 zuwa 15 don hana ciwon daji.
Abin lura ne cewa daban-daban maganin alurar rigakafi yana ba da nau'i daban-daban, kuma an yarda da ɗaya kawai ga mata. Za'a iya ƙayyade shawararka game da abin da maganin alurar riga kafi zai iya ƙayyadewa (in ba haka ba sai ka nemi biyan kuɗi don maganin alurar rigakafi). Wasu kamfanonin inshora suna rufe daya daga cikin alurar riga kafi amma ba wasu. Kafin yin ganawa da likitanku, duba kamfanin kamfanin inshora game da ɗaukar hoto.
Duk wani maganin rigakafi na HPV zai fi tasiri idan aka ba ta kafin mutum ya zama mai jima'i kuma yana iya bayyanar da cutar.
Nunawa don cutar ta HPV-related
Samun maganin rigakafi da HPV da amfani da kwaroron roba a duk lokacin da kake da jima'i su ne kyakkyawan hanyar da za a rage yawan haɗarin dan adam na papillomavirus. Amma har ma da wadannan tsare-tsaren, zai fi dacewa ku ci gaba da yin nazari da gyaranku na yau da kullum-musamman ma idan ya zo mata da Pap.
Alal misali, a cikin mata, ko da HPV ta sa canje-canje maras kyau a cikin ƙwayar da za ta iya zama ciwon jijiyoyin mahaifa, wani maganin na Pap na yau da kullum daga likitan ku na iya taimakawa wajen kama wannan wuri don haka za a iya magance ku kafin matsalar lafiyar da zai zama barazanar rai da wuya don bi da.
Ka tuna cewa wajibi ne maza su kasance masu hankali. Anyi zaton cewa kimanin kashi 2 cikin hadarin ciwon daji a cikin maza suna da alaka da HPV. Duk wani nau'i na mahaifa ko kai da wuyansa ya kamata a kimanta shi ta hanyar likita, kamar yadda yawancin waɗannan ka'idodin suna da matakan da suka dace.
Lissafin Ƙasa a kan HPV a matsayin cututtukan da aka ɗauke da jima'i
Ana daukar nauyin HPV a matsayin cutar ta hanyar jima'i, amma ainihin ma'anar ya fi rikitarwa. Yawancin mutanen da suka ci gaba da kamuwa da cutar HPV ( kamuwa da cutar ta hanyar jima'i) ba su ci gaba da haifar da cututtukan HPV ba , irin su jigilar genital ko maganin rikice-rikice na canji, vulva, farji, anus, azzakari, ko kai da wuyansa.
Ana daukar kwayar cutar ta HPV ne ta hanyar haɗin ɗan adam, amma ba a buƙatar shigarwa cikin jiki ba don buƙatar cutar. Saboda aikawa ta fata zuwa launi na fata (ciki har da wannan a cikin sashin jiki da kuma tsabta), kwakwalwan roba bazai da amfani wajen kare kamuwa da cuta. Samurar rigakafi tare da daya daga cikin maganin rigakafin HPV zai iya hana cutar ta HPV, dangane da ɗaukar maganin rigakafi.
Nunawa tare da takarda na Pap a yau, kuma tuntubi likita tare da duk wani bayyanar cututtuka wanda zai iya nuna canje-canje saboda HPV, yana da mahimmanci ga duk wanda ke yin jima'i, ko yana da abokiyar ɗan adam.
> Sources:
> de Sanjose, S., Brotons, M., da M. Pavon. A Natural Tarihin Human Papillomavirus Kamuwa da cuta. Mafi Ayyuka da Bincike. Clinic Obstetrics da Gynecology . 2018. 47: 2-13.
> Serrano, B., Brotons, M., Bosch, F., da L. Bruni. Epidemiology da Burden na cutar HPV-Related. Mafi Ayyuka da Bincike. Clinic Obstetrics da Gynecology . 2018. 47: 14-26.
> Ventimiglia, E., Hornblas, S., Muneer, A., da A. Salonia. Kwayar cutar ta mutum da rigakafi a maza. Urology Urology Fabia . 2016 2 (4): 355-362.