Abin da ke samuwa & Abin da ke Duk da haka a cikin Ayyuka
Yawancin gwaje-gwaje na likita da aka yi a asibitin likita yanzu za'a iya aiki a cikin gidanku ta amfani da fasaha mai amfani. Alal misali, maza za su iya gwada amfanin gona ta yau da kullum ta hanyar amfani da na'urar "selfie" a gida mai suna YO, wanda Cibiyar Harkokin Kayan lantarki ta Los Angeles ta gina.
Gidajen Harkokin Watsa Lafiyar Na'urar Harkokin Kiwon Lafiyar sunyi amfani da su don yin amfani da su a cikin shekaru 20
Cibiyar Abinci da Harkokin Kiyaye ta Amurka (FDA) ta amince da YO da kuma ma'aunin motsi na ƙwayoyin cuta (adadin motsi mai motsi a cikin maniyyi). Tana ta da kashi 97 bisa dari daidai kuma farashin kasa da $ 50, yana sa shi hanya mai dacewa da dacewa don gwada jaraba namiji a ƙasa da minti uku. Duk mai amfani yana buƙatar yin shi ne ya sanya majijinsa a kan zane-zane (samuwa daga Medical Electronic Systems) sa'an nan kuma saka zane-zane a cikin shirin YO wanda ya haɗa tare da wayo. YO app yana dace da duka Android da iOS. Aikace-aikace yana nazarin samfurin samfurin kuma yana bari mai amfani duba samfurin a kan allon wayar azaman bidiyo na ainihi. Ga wa] anda ke yin tunani game da irin wannan gwajin, masana'antun sun bayyana cewa sutura ba sa taɓa wayar. Har ila yau, YO kit ya zo da kaya guda biyu (don haka za'a iya maimaita gwaji).
Akwai sauran gwaje-gwaje na jiki masu ruwa a yanzu kamar yadda suke a gida. Daidaitawar wadannan gwaje-gwaje a yanzu suna kama da gwajin gwaji na al'ada.
Blood, fitsari, hawaye, gumi, ruwa, da sauran ruwaye na jiki suna ɗauke da alamomi game da lafiyar ku. Mafi yawa daga kitsin gida don samar da kwayoyin halitta suna mayar da hankali akan jini da fitsari. Duk da haka, kitsai don samfurin samfurori na yanzu ba su zuwa kasuwa.
Kunnen Waya
Yi kunnen kunnen, misali. A cakuda gishiri da ɓoye da kayan ƙera, ƙwayar kunnen daji shine kwayar halitta mafi wuya don gwadawa domin ya ƙunshi wasu kwayoyin da basu da ruwa a cikin ruwa.
Duk da haka, kunnen daji zai iya taimakawa sosai wajen bincikar wasu yanayi, irin su fungal cututtuka, cystic fibrosis, da rashin lafiyar rhinitis.
Kamar yadda kawai kunnen kunnen kunne zai iya ba da horar da hankalinsu. Alal misali, akwai wariyar halayyar marasa lafiya tare da cuta mai cututtukan da aka sani da maple syrup na fitsari mai cututtuka (ketoacidosis). Wadansu masana sunyi la'akari da kwarewar gwajin gwajin gwagwarmaya na gaba wanda zai iya haɗawa da hanyoyin da za a gwada su, kamar neman samin kwayoyin halitta maras kyau (VOCs), wanda zai iya nuna yanayin yanayin mutum.
Sweat
Sweat wani ruwan jiki ne wanda za a iya kula da shi kuma ba tare da haɗuwa ba. Za'a iya gano jin dadin jiki da ƙin jiki, alal misali, ta hanyar amfani da na'urar lantarki ta lantarki wanda ke daidaita ma'auni na masu zafin jiki. Amfani da wannan fasaha na kiwon lafiya, zaka iya samun jijjiga kafin matsalar matsala ta jiki ta auku.
Samar da na'urar da za ta iya amfani da shi wanda za ta iya yin amfani da wutar lantarki mai mahimmanci. Wei Gao, mataimakin furofesa na ilmin likita a California Institute of Technology, da abokan aikinsa sun gabatar da kayan fasaha na gwagwarmaya don sutura wanda aka kunna Bluetooth kuma yana ƙunshe da sassan na'urori masu aunawa don sodium, potassium, lactate, glucose, da kuma zafin jiki.
Sakamakonsu shine ɗaya daga cikin ƙoƙarin farko don amfani da na'urori masu mahimmanci don saka idanu kan laushi akai akai tare da na'urar da ke da damar Bluetooth. Gao da abokansa sunyi fatan nan da nan wannan fasaha mai gumi zai auna sauran sigogi na kiwon lafiya, irin su matakan miyagun ƙwayoyi.
Jinin jini
Kodayake dace, gwargwadon gumi ba koyaushe ne daidai da gwajin jini ba. Sabili da haka, gwaje-gwaje na jini sun fi shahara. Wani ɗan gajeren digocin jini zai iya samar da bayanai masu yawa game da sigogi na lafiyarmu. A halin yanzu, shi ma yana daya daga cikin mafi kyawun hanyoyin don gwaji don yanayin da ya dace. Alal misali, tun shekarar 2012, FDA ta amince da gwaje-gwaje kan kwayar cutar HIV da ke amfani da ƙananan adadin jini wanda mai amfani ya ƙaddamar.
Mafi yawan masana sunyi imani da inganci na gwaje-gwaje a gida, amma wani lokaci akwai kuskuren mai amfani. Nazarin Faransa wanda yayi nazari akan damar da masu amfani suka yi don gwada gwajin HIV a gida daya kuma ba tare da horo ba ya gano cewa kashi 99 cikin 100 na mahalarta sun gudanar da gwajin daidai. Sun yi amfani da allurar rigakafi don samun saurin jini kuma suna karanta sakamakon su daidai.
Duk da haka, nazarin irin wannan gwajin gwajin HIV a Afrika wanda Roger Peck ya yi, wanda ke aiki a matsayin masanin kimiyya don kungiyar PATH da ke tallafawa bidi'a na kiwon lafiya, ya nuna kusan kashi 25 cikin dari na masu amfani ba su fassara wannan gwajin ba daidai. Sakamakonsa yana nuna wasu ƙananan iyakacin gwaje-gwaje a cikin gida na gwajin ruwa ba tare da jagorancin sana'a ba. Duk da haka, wannan nau'in fasaha na kiwon lafiya ya sa jarabawa su kasance masu sirri ga mutanen da ba za su ɗauki gwajin ba.
Urin
Gwacose, da jini, furotin, da kuma sinadarai a cikin fitsari-yana samun cikakkun bayanai. A shekara ta 2016, masanan kimiyya na Jami'ar Stanford sun gabatar da sabon software wanda zai iya taimakawa wajen kawar da wasu kurakurai na bincike na fitsari na gida. Kuskuren na yau da kullum sun haɗa da samfurin samfurin samfurin, lokaci, da walƙiya.
Kungiyar bincike na Stanford, wanda masanin farfesa Audrey Bowden ya jagoranci, ya samo asali ne da wani bayani wanda ya hada da akwatin bakar fata (kawar da walƙiya na walƙiya) da kuma tsarin da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin furotin. Maganin su yana tabbatar da cewa samfurinku yana rarraba sau ɗaya a cikin akwati gwaji. Ana nazarin samfurinka ta ajiye wayarka akan akwatin kuma ta yin amfani da kyamarar wayar don kama samfurin. Shirye-shiryen da aka tsara don haka sunyi nazarin samfurin kuma suna ba ku sakamakon. Binciken farko ya nuna cewa wannan gwaji a gida yana daidai ne kamar gwajin gwajin fitsari a asibitin likitan ku.
Feces
Yanzu mun sani cewa gut flora ne tushen tushen bayani game da lafiyar mu. Masana a wannan yanki suna jayayya cewa kwayoyin mu sun fi dacewa da mu fiye da DNA. Kusan kashi 10 zuwa 20 cikin dari na ƙananan ƙwayoyin mu suna raba tare da wasu (idan aka kwatanta da kashi 99.9 na DNA). Sabili da haka, ƙididdigar mu yana iya samar da hanyoyi masu muhimmanci a cikin yanayin lafiyar mu.
Kayanan mu yana bayyana sauyawa lokacin da muka kamu da rashin lafiya, da kuma lokacin da muka kwanta wasu cututtuka (misali ciwon sukari, ciki, da kiba). Masana kimiyya suna farawa don samar da kayan aiki mai araha don tsara mujallar kwayoyin mu kuma wasu katunan kaya suna samun kasuwancin. Duk da haka, don samo sakamakonka, ana buƙatar ka aika samfurin ka zuwa ɗakin da aka yarda.
Da masu bincike daga Stanford, Oxford da UCSF suka samo asali a 2012, uBiome na kawo ilimin kimiyya akan jikin dangi. Kamfanin yana bayar da gwajin gwajin kwayoyin halitta wanda ya haɗa da kundin kayan tara mai amfani da kayi amfani da su don sakin takardar gidan ku. Bayan an samo samfurin samfurin, an bayar da ku da cikakken rahoto game da gut microorganisms, musamman cututtuka, da kuma gut yanayi. My Gut Taswirar wani gwaji ne wanda zai iya gano ƙwayoyin microbes da ke zaune a cikin sashin jikin ka na gastrointestinal. Kodayake kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta har yanzu sun dogara ne akan kafaccen bincike don bincike da fassarar, za ka iya zama masanin kimiyya na gari idan ka yi amfani da waɗannan kayan aikin don koyo game da kwayoyin ka.
5 a cikin 1
Masu labarun kiwon lafiya suna ƙoƙarin yin waɗannan nau'o'in kiwon lafiyar dijital. Ɗauki Cue, wanda ke da ƙananan magunguna wanda aka tsara don amfani da maƙalai na musamman don tantance alamun magunguna. Don amfani da Cue, kana buƙatar tattara wasu ruwaye na jiki, sanya samfurin a cikin kwakwalwar microfluidic mai launin launi, kuma toshe shi a cikin mai karatu na Cue. Yin amfani da takaddun shaida Cue zai iya baka bayani game da kumburi, haihuwa, da kuma bitamin D. Yana kuma matakan testosterone (daga droplet na yau) da kuma mura (daga swab daga gidanka).
Cibiyar wayar ta Cue ta baka damar ganin rayukan lafiyar ku da karɓar sanannun faɗakarwar kiwon lafiyar da tunatarwa game da abincinku da aikinku. Ayyukan Actionable alama ce ta musamman na Cue. Alal misali, lokacin da alamar kumburi (CRP) ta taso, shirin yana ba da shawara game da abinci mai ƙin ƙurawa da ya kamata ka hada a cikin abinci na yau da kullum.
Matsalar Lafiya ta Mata
Mata waɗanda suke shayarwa sukan sha karuwa. Duk da haka, akwai lokatai lokacin da barasa ya cinye. Tunda barasa zai iya shawo kan jariran, iyaye sukan sami kansu a cikin rikice-rikicen hali ko don ciyar da yaro ko a'a bayan an gama cin abinci. UpSpring Baby ya bunkasa MilkScreen-mai sauƙi a gwajin gida wanda ya gano barasa a cikin nono-don taimakawa wajen yanke shawarar yin amfani da madara bayan an shayar da bara. An samu na'ura daga cikin masu amfani da na'ura kuma sakamakon binciken da aka yi game da samfurin bai samuwa ba, yana nuna cewa binciken ba shi da kyau a wasu hanyoyi.
Harkokin kiwon lafiyar gida na gida game da kiwon lafiyar mata zai iya zama mafi kyau a cikin wannan nau'in. OvaCue (wanda Zetek, Inc.) ya gina shi ne mai kulawa na gida na lantarki cewa gwaje-gwajen gwaji da ƙananan fuska ga yaduwar hormone. Binciken na bincike yana gano lokacin da jikin mace ya sauya daga estrogen zuwa progesterone, mai nuna alamar kwayar halitta. Na'urar yana daidaita juriya na lantarki na ruwaye na jiki kuma yana amsawa ga maida hankali ga masu samfurin lantarki. OvaCue kulawa da kulawa ta lura da yanayin da kuma faɗakarwar mai amfani da kwanakin watan inda ake nuna yawan ƙwayar haihuwa. Irin wadannan nau'o'in kayan aikin kiwon lafiya na dijital na iya taimakawa ga mata da nauyin hawan gwanon da ba tare da izini ba, kuma polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).
Ana iya amfani da na'urorin gida-gida don kimantawa na menopause. Wadannan gwaje-gwaje sukan yi amfani da samfurori na fitsari don bincika matakan matakan hormone mai motsi (FSH). Yawancin waɗannan samfurori sun sami amincewar FDA. Ɗayan irin wannan samfurin shine Monitorro Menopause Monitor. Sakamako daga wannan saka idanu zai iya taimakawa tare da yanke shawara don farawa tare da maganin mota. Wannan abu ne mai mahimmanci, musamman idan yayi kokarin gudanar da haɗarin osteoporosis (yanayin da ake danganta da menopause).
> Sources:
> Gao W, Emaminejad S, Brooks G, et al. Ƙididdigar ƙwararrayar ma'aunin ƙwaƙƙwarar hanyoyi masu yawa don ƙaddamar da bincike mai zurfi a ciki. Yanayin , 2016; 529 (7587): 509-514
> Peck R, Lim J, Taegtmeyer M, et al. Menene Yakamata Ganin Rashin Gwaninta na Gaskiya na Gaskiya? Nazarin Samfurin Nazarin Samfurin Gwaji a cikin gwajin gwaji na HIV ba a Kenya, Malawi, da Afirka ta Kudu. Aids da Zama , 2014; 18: S422-S432
> Prazuck T, Karon S, Pialoux G, et al. Gwajin Jiki na Kwayoyin Cutar Gida na Yau da Cutar Gwiwar Cutar HIV wadda aka Haɗa wa Jama'a. Kuna KASA , 2016; 11 (2): 1-10.
> Roeselers G, Bouwman J, Levin E. Tsarin kwayoyin halitta, abinci, da kuma kiwon lafiyar jiki: "Bayan haka, ba za a iya amfani da ita ba". Harkokin Kimiyya da Fasaha na Abinci , 2016; 57: 302-305
> Shokry E, Pereira J, Antoniosi Filho N, et al. Lambobin maganin farko: Wani matsala mai matukar gwagwarmaya ta nazari don nazarin sauye-sauye na rayuwa a cikin shekarun lokacin da ake ciki. Kuna KASA , 2017; 12 (8): 1-22
> Smith G, Dwork N, Javanmard M, et al. Ƙarfin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya mai karfi ta hanyar amfani da ƙananan kuɗi, ƙananan ƙananan ƙararrawa da kuma wayar salula. Lab A Chip , 2016; 16 (11): 2069-2078.