Ana yin saurin ƙarar daɗaɗɗa a matsayin mai maganin ruwa mai tsauri a kunne daga kunnuwar kunne saboda ginawa na ruwa zai iya haifar da asarar ji. Duk da haka, akwai tambayoyi game da tasiri na kunnen kunne. Bugu da ƙari, ƙananan kunne suna da haɗari, ciki har da haɗarin staphylococcus aureus na Methicillin (MRSA), wadda take maganin maganin maganin rigakafi masu yawa.
Lokacin da za a Yi amfani da Tubes na Kunnen
Me ya sa ake saran ƙararraron kunne (tympanostomy tubes) ko da ya kamata a fara? Yarin yaro yana da ƙwayar eustachian da ya fi guntu, wanda ya sa ya fi dacewa da cututtukan kunne. Wannan bututin eustachian ba ya ƙaruwa har sai kimanin shekaru uku ko hudu.
Cibiyar Ilimin Harkokin Ilimin Harkokin Ilimin na Amirka tana da jagorancin kula da cututtukan yara. Sauran cututtuka na farko sukan warware kai tsaye a cikin 'yan watanni. Cibiyar ta bayar da shawarar cewa yaro da ke da maganin otitis tare da wulakanci (OME, ƙwaƙwalwar kunne tare da ruwa mai tsauri) don watanni uku ko ya fi tsayi da za a iya kimantawa don sauraron ji.
Cibiyar ta bayar da shawarwari game da abin da za a yi dangane da tsananin rashin lalacewa ta hanyar OME. Bayan haka, idan an gaji asarar ko fiye da ko kuma daidai da decibels 40 (matsakaici ko babba), ana tiyata tiyata (tubes na kunne) saboda an ji hasara a wannan matakin ko mafi girma ana iya sanin "magana, harshe, da kuma aikin ilimi." Don žananan lalacewar sauraro daga 21 zuwa 39 decibels, Cibiyar ta bayar da shawarar saka idanu kan lalacewar saura saboda rashin jinin hasara kuma an san cewa yana da tasiri.
Lokacin da sauraron ya zama al'ada amma OME na cigaba, ana sake gwada gwaje-gwaje ta uku zuwa shida bayan haka.
Amfani
Yaya tasirin tasirin kunne yana da tasiri, kuma yana da watanni uku ya isa ya jira kafin ya sami tubes? Wani bincike, wanda aka ambata a cikin Gargajiya na Kula da lafiyar yara , an yi a shekara ta 1991 da yara 429 da ke da shekaru uku da suka karbi tubuna ko dai a nan gaba, ko kuma har zuwa watanni tara bayan haka.
An gudanar da wannan bincike a kan ci gaban yara a shekaru uku, hudu, da shida kuma basu sami bambanci a ci gaban su ba. An gudanar da binciken ne a lokacin da yara ke tara zuwa shekara goma sha ɗaya, kuma ba a samu bambanci ba a cikin matakan 48 na ci gaba, ciki har da gwaje-gwaje na gwaji. Mawallafin binciken sun kammala cewa a maimakon dakatar da tubuna bayan bayan watanni uku na kamuwa da cuta, zai zama mafi kyau a jira da kallo a kalla watanni shida don kunnuwan, kuma akalla watanni tara don kunnen daya.
Wani bincike irin wannan, wanda aka ruwaito a cikin Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka a Ƙananan yara , ya yi da yara 395 a karkashin shekaru uku wanda ke da jin kunnen kunne a cikin kwanaki 90 a cikin kunnuwan, ko kuma a kalla kwana 135 a cikin kunne ɗaya. Wadannan yara sun karbi dakunan kunne ko da sauri ko kuma zuwa watanni tara bayan haka. An duba su a cikin shekaru shida don bambancin cigaban da ke tsakanin rukunin "gaggawa" da rukunin "jinkirta", kuma babu wanda aka samu.
Risks
Kamar dai duk wani tiyata, ɗakunan kunne sun haɗa hadarin kamuwa da cuta, ciki har da hadarin MRSA. Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka (CDC) ya bayyana wani kamuwa da cuta ta jiki kamar yadda yake faruwa a cikin shekara guda na samun jiki na waje, irin su tubunan kunne, da aka gina.
Yaya sau da yawa MRSA ke faruwa ne bayan kunnen sauti na sakawa? Babu shakka ba haka sau da yawa ba. A watan Disamba na 2000, Tarihin Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery labarin ya ruwaito cewa daga Disamba 1998 zuwa Janairu 2000, yara takwas da suka karbi kunnen karu sun bunkasa MRSA. Mawallafa sun ce wannan abu ne mai "0.2%" ga MRSA, amma bai bayyana abin da yawan adadin yara da suka karbi bakunan kunne ba. Duk da haka, mawallafa ma sun ce wannan wani abu ne mai "musamman low" na MRSA.
Bugu da ƙari kuma, dangane da wani labarin da ya bayyana a cikin watan Agustan 2009 na Journal of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery , MRSA ba ya zama abu ne na al'ada a al'adun kunnuwan kunne ba ko da a'a ko a'a.
Binciken da ya shafi fiye da 400 al'adun kunne da suka nuna daga shekara ta 2002 zuwa 2006 sun sami MRSA a cikin 38 (8.5%) na al'adun kunne. Bugu da kari, nazarin nazarin da ya gabata ya zo a kan MRSA a cikin kashi 7 cikin 100 na al'adun kunne.
Har ila yau, kamar yadda littafin Journal of Laryngology & Otology ya nuna , cewa irin kayan da aka yi amfani da su don kunnen kunne zai iya zama bambanci. Nazarin idan aka kwatanta da uku na kowannensu sun hada da tubes na kwasfa na vancomycin, na azurfa da aka yi amfani da su na silicon da ke dauke da kwayoyin tubes, da kuma shafuka masu tsin-tsalle. (Ba a shigar da waɗannan shambura a cikin marasa lafiya ba.) Masu bincike sun yi bincike don samar da kwayar halitta ta MRSA, kuma sun gano cewa tubes vancomycin sun kasance "kusan babu" daga MRSA biofilm. Sakamakon wannan binciken yana goyan bayan ra'ayin kunnen kunne na kwayoyin halitta abu ne, amma ba a canza shi ba a rayuwa ta ainihi.
Iyaye tawaye tare da MRSA a cikin Kunnen
Babu shaidar da za ta goyi bayan ra'ayin cewa kunnen kunne yana haifar da MRSA . A gaskiya ma, yana iya kasancewa kafin a saka ƙananan kunji saboda an samu MRSA a cikin al'umma da asibitoci. Duk da haka, MRSA a kunne yana da wuya a rabu da shi.
Ta yaya za a iya kula da MRSA a kunne? Wani rahoto na 2005 a cikin Archives Of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery ya bayyana cewa yara shida tare da MRSA a cikin kunnen ba su amsawa ga saba maganin maganin rigakafi. Dukkanin shida sun samu nasarar magance su tare da gurasar maganin maganin sulfamethoxazole da kuma kunne (gentamicin sulfate ko polymyxin B sulfate-neomycin sulfate-hydrocortisone [Cortisporin]). Mafi yawan MRSA an gano su zama mai saukin kamuwa da trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
> Sources:
> Jagoran Harkokin Kasuwanci. Cibiyar Nazari tare da Ruɗi. Cibiyar Harkokin Ilimin Harkokin Ilimin Harkokin Yara na Amirka na Amirka. 113 No. 5 Mayu 2004, shafi na 1412-1429.
> "Shin kunne ne a cikin yara ƙanƙara don inganta ci gaba?" Taron Lafiya na Yara Feb 2007: 3.
> Hanyoyin tubar maganin vancomycin mai rufi a kan tsarin Staphylococcus aureus na biofilm na methicillin: nazarin in vitro. Jaridar Laryngology & Otology (2010), 124: 594-598
> Tambayoyi da yawa. Tsarin Kwayoyin Yanar Gizo na MU (SSI).
> Duba jaridu. Labaran Ciwon Cutar a Ƙananan yara. 2006 Afrilu; 91 (4): 371-372.
> Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Otorrhea Bayan Tympanostomy Tube Fitarwa. Abin damuwa. Bayanan Tsaro na Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery Vol 126, Dec 2000.
> Zuwa Ci Gaban Jagoran Bayanan Sharuɗɗa don Gudanarwa na Staphylococcus aureus Otitis na Methicillin-resistant. Journal of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Tragery, Vol 38, No 4 (Agusta), 2009: pp 483-494.
> Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole da maganin maganin maganin rigakafin maganin maganin maganin cutar ta otitis tare da otorrhea wanda ya samo asali daga Staphylococcus aureus a cikin yara. Bayanin Tsare-tsaren Otolaryngology Head & Neck Abun aiki 2005 Sat 131; 9 (9): 782-4.