Ana gwada gwaje-gwajen ƙararrakin acid, wanda aka fi sani da NAT ko NAAT, don gano ƙananan DNA ko RNA a cikin gwajin gwaji. Lokacin da yazo ga gwajin STD , akwai NAT da ke samuwa wanda zai iya gano wasu STDs daban-daban. A gaskiya ma, yawancin gwaje gwaje-gwaje na STD an yi ta yin amfani da gwaje-gwaje na tasirin nucleic-acid.
Yaya Yada Ayyukan Gwajin Ƙunƙwasa Masu Mahimmanci?
Akwai nau'o'i daban-daban na gwaje-gwajen amplification na acid nucleic-acid, amma dukansu sun dogara akan wannan ka'ida.
NAT tana amfani da jerin maganin sunadarai masu maimaitawa don yin adadi da dama na DNA ko RNA da likitoci suke ƙoƙari su gano. Wadannan halayen sun kara siginar siginar kwayoyin nucleic a cikin gwajin gwajin don su kasance da sauki don ganewa. Yana da sauki a samu takardun 10,000 na jinsin fiye da 10.
Me Menene Wannan Ya Yi tare da gwajin STD?
Hanyar ƙarfafa kwayan cuta ko kwayar cutar kwayar cutar ba ta cikin jarrabawar STD ba . Maimakon haka, da zarar an ƙara yawan DNA ko RNA a cikin samfurin ta amfani da PCR ko LCR , ana amfani da gwajin da yawa na musamman don gano shi. Wadannan gwaje-gwajen sun haɗa da wasu nau'i na haɓakar nucleic acid. A cikin waɗannan gwaje-gwaje, an samo samfurin tare da DNA ko RNA wanda aka tsara ta hanyar haɓaka wanda aka lakafta ta hanyar da ta sa ya sauƙi gane. Yana iya taimakawa wajen ɗauka shi a matsayin haske a cikin launi mai duhu wanda kawai yake tsayawa zuwa wani ƙananan yanki na gano bayanai.
Mahimman gwajin maganin nucleic-acid yana da amfani ga gwajin STD. Sun ba da izinin likitoci su gano wani pathogen STD ko da lokacin da kadan kwayoyin halitta suke. Wannan irin fasaha ne wanda ya sa ya yiwu a yi gwajin gwaji don STDs da suka kasance baya ganowa ta swab.
Bugu da ƙari kuma, tun da gwaje-gwaje masu ƙarfin nucleic-acid sune mawuyacin kulawa har ma da yawancin kwayoyin halitta na DNA, suna da mahimmanci don nunawa da jini. Wadannan gwaje-gwaje yana iya yiwuwa a gano ƙananan ƙwayar cutar HIV da sauran nau'in pathogens mai jini wanda zai iya rasa.
Haka kuma akwai gwajin gwaje-gwaje na nucleic acid wanda ba a ƙarfafa ba don wasu STDs, irin su gonorrhea da chlamydia . An yi amfani da gwaje-gyaren gwajin ƙwayoyin nucleic acid ba tare da ƙarfin su ba yayin da yawancin kwayoyin cutar HIV ko DNA (ko RNA) za su kasance a halin yanzu, irin su a cikin ɓangaren ƙwayar cuta ko a cikin wani samfurori na al'ada . A irin wannan yanayi, babu wani fassarar da ake bukata. A cikin waɗannan samfurori, idan DNA ko RNA akwai, ya kamata a kasance a cikin yawancin masu iya ganewa.
Misalin wannan gwaji a cikin Action
Masanan maganin maganin nucleic-acid sune hanyoyin da za a iya ganewa akan gano kwayoyin cuta ko kwayar cuta a cikin samfurin nazarin halittu. Yayin da aka gano dabbar da ke cikin cutar ta mutum mai ciwo da cututtuka, waɗannan gwaje-gwajen suna zama mai sauƙi don sauya al'adu . Kwayoyin kogunan bidiyo na iya zama da wuya ga wasu dakunan gwaje-gwaje su yi. Ba kamar gwajin cutar ta herpes ba , NAT har yanzu ta ƙunshi ƙaddarar ƙoƙarin tabbatar da ko cutar ta kasance a cikin samfurin maimakon neman kwayoyin cututtuka.
Maganganin nucleic-acid ya kuma yarda a fadada chlamydia da gonorrhea a zagaye na kasar. Yanzu irin wannan zangon iya yanzu za'a yi a kan samfurori samfurori maimakon bukatar urethral ko cervicovaginal swab. Ta haka ya zama mai sauƙin gwada yawan samari na samari da mata ga STD a cikin magungunan asibiti da marasa asibiti. Tarin tarawa ba tare da buƙatar ƙwarewar likita ba, kuma mutane sun fi son zama a cikin kofi fiye da shawo kan sital.
Masu bincike sun kuma yi amfani da gwaje-gwaje na ƙararrakin acid don samun ƙarin bayani game da matakan matsalar STDs asymptomatic a Amurka.
An aiwatar da shirye-shirye na matakan NAT mai girma a cikin soja, a cikin matasa mazauna birni, a cikin maza da suka yi jima'i da maza, da kuma wasu ƙananan haɗari da ƙananan kungiyoyi. Wadannan gwaje-gwajen suna ba da damar ganewa STDs a cikin ƙananan samfurori da ake daukar su a matsayin ɓangare na binciken bincike mai yawa akan lafiyar jama'a.
> Sources:
> Bernstein KT, Chow JM, Pathela P, Kyauta TL. Kwayar cutar da ke dauke da kwayar cutar ta hanyar jima'i ta hanyar jima'i. Sex Transm Dis. 2016 Feb, 43 (2 Sadd 1): S42-52. Doi: 10.1097 / OLQ.0000000000000343.
> Chow EPF, Walker S, Karanta TRH, Chen MY, Bradshaw CS, Fairley CK. Amfani da Ƙunƙwasawa da Rahoton Gonorrhea da aka Yi Magana da shi ta hanyar Nucleic Acid Testing Ƙarawa. Sex Transm Dis. 2017 Oktoba; 44 (10): 593-595. Doi: 10.1097 / OLQ.0000000000000654.
> Trembizki E, Costa AM, Tabrizi SN, Andy DM, Twin J. Hanyoyin da kuma tasirin kwayoyin gwaji don gano jima'i na kwayar cutar pathogens. Pathology. 2015 Afrilu 47 (3): 219-26. Doi: 10.1097 / PAT.0000000000000239.