Hanyar Neurotypical A al'ada
Kalmar nan "neurotypical" tana da sababbin sababbin abubuwa, amma yana ƙara karuwa a makarantu, a cikin abubuwan da ake kira autism da abubuwan da suka faru, da kuma ofisoshin masu kwantar da hankali. Ba shi da cikakkiyar magunguna ko ma'ana. Ba ya bayyana wani hali, hali ko sa na iyawa. Za'a iya bayyana wannan ma'anar daga duka mummunar ra'ayi da kyakkyawan hangen nesa:
- Mutanen da ba su da kullun su ne wadanda ba su da ganewar autism ko wani mahimmancin ilimi ko ci gaba.
- Mutumin "wanda ba shi da ɗabi'ar" mutum ne wanda yake tunanin, ya fahimta, kuma yayi aiki a cikin hanyoyi da ake ganin "al'ada" ne daga yawan jama'a.
Menene "Daidai?"
Yana da, ba shakka, zai yiwu ba a samu ci gaba da ci gaba ko ciwon hankali ba, kuma ta zama abin ƙyama kamar yadda ba shi da kyau. Amma akwai gagarumin bambance-bambance tsakanin "al'ada," da "ba a bincikar su ba." Bugu da ƙari, babu wani ƙaura, fahimtar duniya da aka fahimta "al'ada."
A gaskiya, fahimtar "al'ada" da dabi'unsu sun bambanta dangane da al'ada, jinsi, yanayi, yanayin zamantakewa, da sauran dalilai. A wasu al'adu, alal misali, ana sa ran ganin idanun ido kai tsaye; a wasu, ana la'akari da lalata. A wasu al'adu, saduwa ta jiki tare da dangin dangi yana dauke da al'ada yayin da wasu suna dauke da m da kuma kashewa.
Wasu bambance-bambancen hali, yayin da ba sakamakon wani ci gaba ko ƙwarewar hankali ba, na iya zama marginalizing. Alal misali, mutanen LGBT zasu iya samun kansu a waje da yawancin ƙungiyoyin jama'a ba tare da wata kalubalen da ke tattare da su ba. Haka ma gaskiya ne ga membobin wasu kungiyoyin addini.
Neurotypicals a cikin Context of Neurodiversity
An gina motsi ne da ke tattare da manufofin cewa bambance-bambancen ci gaba irin su autism da ADHD ba cututtuka ba ne don a bi da su amma bambance-bambance za a girmama su . Wadannan mambobi ne na mahalli sun saba wa ra'ayin magungunan autism.
A shekara ta 2014, kalmar "neurotypical" ta zama cikakke don zama lakabi na takardun PBS da ke nuna alamun autistic wanda ke kwatanta ra'ayi na kansu akan dangantaka da "al'ada" al'umma: Ta hanyar duniyar Violet, mai shekaru 4, matashi Nicholas da kuma tsohuwar mata da mahaifiyar Paula, tare da tambayoyi masu ban sha'awa tare da sauran abubuwa, fim din ya ba da labarin kalubale da suke fuskanta a cikin "al'ada" mutane - wanda yawancin su suna kira "neurotypicals".
Sanarwar da ke tattare da labaran ƙwayoyin halitta tana da rikici. Yawancin iyaye na 'yan yara masu tsauri suna jin cewa autism ne, hakika, rashin lafiya da ya kamata a hana shi kuma ya warke. Kusan wasu 'yan kwaminisanci masu zaman kansu suna raba wannan hangen zaman gaba. Har ila yau, bambance-bambance a cikin ra'ayi ya shafi kai tsaye zuwa bambance-bambance a cikin kwarewar mutum. Yayin da autism yake iyakancewa ko yana da mawuyacin hali ko ta jiki, yawanci ana ganin shi azaman cuta.
Ta wannan alama, lokacin da autism yake samo asali da girman kai, ana ganin shi a matsayin dukiya.
Neurotypicals Daga Tsarin Hanya
Daga ra'ayi na al'ummar autism, an yi la'akari da sababbin abubuwa masu dacewa da mutane wadanda suke da autism kullum. Musamman, neurotypicals an zaci su:
- suna da kwarewar zamantakewar jama'a da sadarwa , yana mai sauƙi a gare su don gudanar da sababbin yanayi;
- sami sauƙin yin abokantaka da kuma kafa zumunci da kuma fahimtar "ɓoye zane" na al'amuran da aka sa ran da za su iya yin hulɗa a cikin aiki da kuma a cikin al'amuran al'umma;
- ba su da wata mahimmanci , kamar yadda ya sa suke da sauƙin yin amfani da ƙararrawa, tsagewa, zafi, ko kuma sa ido.
A kan kwaskwarima, wasu lokuta wasu mutane suna kallo ne a kan tafarkin autism saboda son yarda da bin bin zamantakewa da zamantakewa. Alal misali, anyi amfani da neurotypicals a matsayin mafi kusantar mutane da autism zuwa:
- shiga tsakani kadan cikin magana
- gaya launin fari (ko a'a-mai-fari) ya ta'allaka ne
- Ku ci gaba da yin tafiya ko da kuwa yana nufin yin lalata
- Kuna jima'i ba tare da nuna damuwa ga sakamako na tsawon lokaci ba
- zalunci wasu don samun matsayin zamantakewa
- zama m ko kishi
Akwai mutane da yawa waɗanda suka dace da yanayin stereotype neurotypical kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama. Yawancin mutane marasa bangaskiya waɗanda ba zasu cancanci samun wani ganewar al'ada ba suna jin kunya, halayyar jama'a, kuma suna da wuyar kafa kafa da abota da kuma dangantaka da juna. Bugu da ƙari, hakika, akwai mutane masu yawa na "al'ada" da suke guje wa ƙuƙwalwa, zalunci, ƙananan magana, da sauran matsalolin zamantakewar zamantakewa.
> Sources
> Larsen, Adamu (Darakta). Neurotypical. PBS, Point of View. Yuli, 2013.
> Merriam Webster Dictionary. Neurotypical. Merriam Webster. Yanar gizo. 2017.