Ta yaya Saukewa da CPR Ya Yi Ma'aurata?
Ƙarar don cire baki da baki daga CPR yana da rikici a duniya na horo na CPR . Bayanan da shekaru suka wuce, ra'ayin ya gano ƙafafunsa; Kungiyar Amirkancin Amirka na yanzu suna bada shawarar kawai CPR - yin amfani da hanzarin ceto - ga masu ceto wanda ba a gano ba, wanda ya ga wanda aka yi masa rauni ya rushe a gaban su.
Wadanda aka horar da su shekaru masu yawa a CPR gargajiya sun sabawa canji.
Masu ba da tallafi na gaggawa, daga CPR da aka amince da EMT ga likitancin ER, sun shafe shekaru da yawa a cikin ABC na gaggawa na kulawa da gaggawa :
- Airway
- Breathing
- Yanayi
a cikin wannan tsari.
An koya mana duka don tabbatar da cewa mai haƙuri yana da iska ta farko, kuma idan mai haƙuri bai yi numfashi ba, to numfashin iska a cikin mai haƙuri da bakin baki. To sai dai, idan mai haƙuri ba shi da bugun jini ko alamomi na wurare dabam dabam, an koya mana don kwantar da kirji don zub da jini ta jiki.
Wannan tunanin ba daidai ba ne. Binciken yadda aka tsara jiki don nuna dalilin da yasa tsarin al'ada na CPR ya kasance baya.
Me yasa muke mayar da hankali game da numfashi?
Airway da numfashi suna da muhimmanci, babu shakka game da haka. Tabbacin yana cikin kwakwalwa. Abubuwan da muke bukata na ainihin zuciyarmu sune na tsakiya ne a cikin kwakwalwarmu, kuma mafi mahimmanci shine buƙatar numfashi. Ko da yake sauran kwakwalwa sun lalace daga rashin lafiya ko rauni, daya daga cikin cikakkun ayyuka na ƙarshe don tafiya zai zama motsa jiki don numfashi.
Ko da tsarin da ke goyan bayan numfashi suna gina don kare su. Jirgin da ke motsa diaphragm, tsoka a gindin kirji da ake amfani da numfashi, ana samun su a saman saman kashin baya domin su zama jijiyoyin karshe idan lalacewa ta ji rauni. Wadannan sune magungunan marigayi Christopher Reeve ya lalace lokacin da ya fadi daga doki, ya bar shi a cikin wani motsi na sauran rayuwarsa.
Bamu maida hankalinmu a kan hanyar jirgin sama ba daidai ba ne; mun dauki namu daga jikinmu. Abin takaici, mun rasa wata muhimmiyar ma'ana. Yayinda yake numfashi shine abu mafi mahimmanci akan jerin abubuwan da ke cikin kwakwalwa, yin watsi da jini ba har zuwa kwakwalwa don tunawa ba. Zub da jini yana aiki ne na zuciya, kuma zuciya yana aikata ba tare da an gaya masa ba.
Dalilin da yasa Zuciyar ta fi muhimmanci fiye da Brain
Zuciyar zuciyarmu ita ce kawai tsoka cikin tsoka wanda ba ya buƙatar wani abu mai ban sha'awa a waje don kwangila. Yana faruwa ta atomatik. Zuciyar tana iya yin jini kamar yadda kwakwalwa yake ƙoƙarin mayar da hankali ga numfashi. Lokacin da kwakwalwa ya rasa ikon magance numfashin jiki, zuciya zai ci gaba da zub da jinin har sai ya fita daga cikin makamashi.
Sabõda haka, kwakwalwa tana kula da iska ta shiga da waje yayin da zuciya take riƙe jini yana zagaye da kuma kewaye. Suna aiki tare, amma suna zaman kansu. Idan kwakwalwa ya daina aiki, zuciya zai iya ci gaba.
A gefe guda, idan zuciyar ta tsaya, haka ne kwakwalwa.
Superhighway Oxygen
Tsarin siginal jiki (zuciya da jini) da kuma numfashi na numfashi (huhu da iska) suna aiki tare kamar sashen samar da kayayyaki, motsi da oxygen zuwa jikin jiki kuma cire carbon dioxide. Jirgin jini shine babbar hanya, tare da manyan harsuna da kuma hanyar sadarwa na tituna, duk tare da zirga-zirga.
Lakaran suna kama da babban tashar tashar loading inda aka watsar da oxygen kuma ana tara carbon dioxide.
Ka yi tunanin wata mota a hanya. Wannan burin na motar shine ya kasance cikakke kuma a hanya. Sanya kayan tafiya shi ne hanyar yin kudi.
Ya riga ya bar jirgi tare da nauyin oxygen a kan hanyarsa zuwa gungun masana'antu da ke buƙatar shi don man fetur. Zai yi tafiya ta hanyar babbar hanyar sadarwa a cikin dukkanin tsarin - zuciya - sannan kuma ya dauki hanya ta hanya ta hanyar aorta. Kamar yadda ya wuce, sai ya dauki ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar carotid zuwa cikin kwakwalwa. Da zarar ya isa can, zai sauke kadan daga oxygen - duk abin da kwakwalwa yake buƙatar - kuma karbi datti: carbon dioxide.
Yanzu yana komawa zuwa tashar tare da kayan aikin motsa jiki na oxygen kuma wani ɓangare na carbon dioxide. Har yanzu yana da nauyin nauyin, kawai nauyin haɗinsa ya zama kaɗan. Lokacin da ya isa tashar jiragen ruwa, zai kawar da carbon dioxide kuma karbi karin oxygen don wani tafiya a kusa.
Lakaran sunyi numfashi, suna canza carbon dioxide kuma suna kawo isasshen oxygen a cikin. Kullin caji yana shirye domin mai dawowa ya dawo. Idan akwai matsala a tashar loading (ƙwayoyin ba su numfasawa saboda wani dalili), zai iya ci gaba da tazarar lokaci tare da kaya da ya rigaya. Ƙananan motocin na dauke da isasshen isasshen oxygen don 'yan tafiyarwa.
Hadarin ya faru
Kowace lokaci a wani lokaci, akwai hatsari a kan hanyar sadarwa kuma dukkanin tsarin yana dakatar. Sakamakon jikin jiki na kamuwa da ƙananan wuta, zirga-zirgar jiragen sama da aka sani a matsayin kamacciyar zuciya .
Lokacin da wannan ya faru, abu mafi mahimmanci shi ne samun zirga-zirgar motsi (sake farawa jini). Gyara tashar tashar loading (shan numfashi) ba zai taimaka ba saboda motoci ba zasu iya zuwa can don karɓar iskar oxygen ba (jini baya motsawa). Ka tuna cewa, motocin suna dauke da isasshen oxygen don sauke sau biyu ko sau uku, ba ma ambato motoci da dama (jini da jini da sauran samfurori) suna kan hanya ta hanya (da sauran manyan arteries) wanda basu da damar samun oxygen a duk duk da haka. Duk abin da zaka yi shi ne sa su motsi.
Lines na Ƙasa: Ƙara Ruwa, Push Fast
Shirin sufuri na jiki shine mafi muhimmanci. Ba abu mai wuya - ba kusan rikitarwa kamar yadda kwakwalwa yake ba, duk da haka - amma yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye sauran sassa aiki. Yana daukan 'yan tsalle don samun motsin jini. Tsayawa ga matsalolin kirji don yin baki-da-baki yana katsewa.
Bincike ya nuna alamar amfani ga matsalolin kwakwalwa ba tare da bakin baki ba. Koda kuwa idan ya ci gaba da hatsi a matsayin tsohuwar ƙwayar cuta wanda ya koya yadda za a yi CPR tare da numfashi na ceto, babu wata hanya ta watsi da kimiyya. Yin mayar da hankali akan yin famfo jini a lokacin CPR, maimakon motsi iska, yana da hankali sosai.
Sources:
Ewy, GA, et al. "Rikicin zuciya na cardiocerebral for arrest cardiac." Am J Med . Jan 2006.
SOS-KANTO Study Group. "Harkokin kwantar da hankulan katolika ta hanyar tsayayye da matsalolin kirji (SOS-KANTO): nazari na al'ada." Lancet . 17 Mar 2007.