Autoantibodies sunadaran sunadaran ne da tsarin jikinka ya samar. Kila ku sani cewa an tsara tsarin rigakafi don yada barazanar kamar ƙwayoyin cuta da kwayoyin da zasu iya shiga jikinka. Amma wani mai ba da rai ya juya kan abin da ba daidai ba: Maimakon kai hare-haren ƙetare na ƙasashen waje, autoantibodies kai hare-haren ɓangarorin jikinka na kuskure.
Lokacin da suka aikata wannan, autoantibodies haifar da kumburi da kuma lalata duk wani tsarin jiki wanda suke faruwa. Wannan lalacewar ya haifar da abin da muke kira " cututtuka na autoimmune " -iwuwar, "auto" na nufin "kai." Magunguna suna bayyana a gaban bayyanar cututtuka na ainihin cutar ya zama bayyane.
Me yasa Jiki Yayi Kayan Cikakken Halitta?
Ba haka ba ne. Kwayoyin halittar suna iya taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin wannan tsari, kamar yadda abubuwa masu halayen yanayi suke. Amma masu bincike ba su da hankali akan dalilin da yasa wasu mutane da irin wadannan kwayoyin halitta da / ko irin abubuwan da ke tattare da muhalli kamar su fara fara sa autoantibodies sannan su ci gaba da haifar da cutar marasa lafiya, yayin da wasu ba su. A cikin lafiyar celiac , alal misali, jikinka ya amsa ga cin abinci na gina jiki mai gina jiki a cikin abincin da kuke ci ta hanyar samar da autoantibodies wanda ke ci gaba da kai farmaki akan ƙananan ƙwayarku.
Yanzu, mafi yawan mutanen da ke dauke da cutar Celiac suna dauke da daya daga cikin kwayoyin halitta biyu wadanda ke sanya su zuwa yanayin.
Amma wadannan cututtukan cututtukan Celiac suna da yawa, kuma ƙananan ƙananan waɗanda ke da kwayar jini suna fara farawa ne don ci gaba da cutar celiac. Saboda haka, a fili akwai wani abu dabam a wasan da ke jawo jikinka don fara yin autoantibodies. Bincike yana ci gaba don gano abin da "wani abu" zai kasance.
Mene ne Ya kamata in sani game da Autoantibodies?
Wasu autoantibodies kai hari kan wani kwaya-misali, autoantibodies a cikin celiac cutar kai hari ƙananan hanji, autoantibodies a cikin autoimmune thyroid cuta kai hari gland thyroid, da kuma autoantibodies a cikin irin 2 ciwon sukari kai hari da insulin-samar da sel a cikin pancreas.
Wadannan takaddun takaddama na musamman suna haifar da bayyanar cututtukan da zasu iya taimaka wa likitanka suyi cikakkun ganewar asali. Alal misali, akwai ƙwayoyin cututtukan Celiac da yawa da dama, amma mafi yawan cututtuka da suka fi dacewa, wanda ya haɗa da matsaloli masu narkewa da anemia, na iya samar da wata alama don taimakawa wajen ganewar asali.
Sauran autoantibodies shine abin da ake kira "tsarin", wanda ke nufin sun kai hari a wurare daban-daban a jikinka. Wadannan na iya haifar da ƙarin bayyanar cututtuka, irin su ciwon haɗin gwiwa da rashes, wanda ke sanya yanayin da yafi wuyar ganewa.
Alal misali, yana da wuya a gaya wa bambancin tsakanin lupus da fibromyalgia, wanda likitoci suka yi imanin ba wani hali ba ne. Don taimakawa wajen tabbatar da ganewar asali, likitoci na iya yin umarni na gwaje-gwaje na jini don neman autoantibodies da ake kira anti-nukiliya ta haramtacciyar cuta, ko ANA. Waɗannan su ne autoantibodies da ke kai hari ga sassan jikinka 'nuclei, kuma kusan duk wanda ke da lupus zai gwada tabbatacce a gare su, idan aka kwatanta da kawai ƙananan yawan wadanda ke da fibromyalgia.
Sources:
Arbuckle MR et al. Gabatarwa na autoantibodies kafin a fara asibiti na lupus erythematosus. New England Journal of Medicine . 2003 Oktoba 16; 349 (16): 1526-33.
Dönmez S et al. Rashin maganin nakasassu na asibiti wanda ke haifar da bayyanar cututtuka a cikin marasa lafiya na fibromyalgia da kuma tasirin su akan damuwa, damuwa da damuwa: nazarin bincike. Rheumatology Clinical da gwaji . 2012 Nov-Dec, 30 (6 Guda 74): 65-9.
Fujii T. Ɗaukakawa da kuma kai tsaye na aikin kai tsaye a cikin cututtuka na asibiti. Allergology Duniya . 2014 Dec, 63 (4): 515-22.
Hu ZD et al. Autoantibodies a cikin asibiti na asibiti na autoimmune. Clinica Chimica Dokar: The International Journal of Clinical Chemistry . 2014 Nov 1; 437: 14-8.