Kyakkyawan sadarwa a likita (ko likitan koji) asali. Sanin wannan, marubuta na Dokar Amirkancin Amirkawa (ADA) sun haɗa da harshe daban-daban game da hanyar sadarwa ga kurame da kuma sauraron mutane. Duk da haka, akwai lokuta masu yawa na rashin nasarar (ko rashin amincewa) na magungunan likita don samar da ma'anar harshe na alamar.
Wannan batu ya shafi kaina. Saboda rashin dacewar sadarwa, na kusan rasa hakori mai kyau don hakarwa saboda dikina ba ya sadarwa daidai ba. Na kasance a cikin kujerar likita na jijiyo lokacin da ya dubi rayukan xana, wanda ake kira asibitin likitan, da kuma ƙaddara ba ni da bukatar cire hakori.
Title III na ADA
Labari na III na ADA yana iya samun dama ga wuraren zama na jama'a. Subchapter III - Gidajen Jama'a da Ayyukan Gudanar da Ayyuka Daga Masu Gudanarwa, Sashe na 12181, Ma'anarta, ya ce misalai na masu zaman kansu suna dauke da masauki na jama'a:
(F) wani labbromat, mai tsabta, banki, shagon shagon, shagon kyawawan kayan aiki, sabis na gyaran takalma, ɗakin jana'izar, tashar gas, ofishin mai ba da lissafin ko lauya, kantin magani, ofishin inshora, ofishin sana'a mai kula da lafiyar , asibiti , ko sauran kafaffun sabis;
Bugu da ƙari, Ma'aikatar shari'a ta fassarar Title III tana cewa:
Gidajen jama'a sun hada da ofisoshin likitoci, asibitoci , ...
Irin wannan fassarar ya ce duniyar jama'a dole ne "Masu taimako na taimakawa idan ya cancanta don tabbatar da sadarwa mai tasiri sai dai idan wata matsala ba ta da wata mahimmanci ko canji zai haifar." (Canji na asali yana nufin cewa zai sami tasiri a kan harkokin kasuwanci.
Alal misali, likita ba zai iya bayar da magani ba).
Yaushe Wani mai fassara ya bukaci?
"Taimakon agaji" kamar yadda ADA ta ke nufi shine "masu fassara masu dacewa ko wasu hanyoyin da za a iya samar da kayan da aka samo wa mutane da dama tare da jiɓin ji." Hanyoyin madaidaiciya suna nufin fasaha irin su rubutawa da baya akan takarda ko yin amfani da hanyar sadarwa. To, a yaushe ne mai fassara ya cancanta? Wannan tambayar ita ce mafi kyawun amsa ta hanyar Ma'aikatar Shari'a ADA Technical Support Manual.
Jagoran Harkokin Kasuwancin ADA, ya amsa tambayar "Wane ne ya yanke shawarar wane irin taimakon taimako ya kamata a bayar?" ta hanyar fadin cewa wurin zama na jama'a, misali ofishin likita, ya zama "yanke shawara" a kan hanyar da za a yi amfani dashi, muddin hanyar da za a zaba a cikin sadarwa mai kyau . Za'a iya zama jituwa a kan abin da ke da tasiri mai kyau. Jagoran Taimako na Ƙasa ta ce:
Dole ne a ba likitan likita damar ba da shawara ga mai haƙuri kuma ya yi nazari kan kanta game da irin taimakon taimako, idan akwai, ya zama dole don tabbatar da sadarwa mai tasiri. Idan mai hakuri ya yi imanin cewa shawarar likita ba zai kai ga sadarwa mai kyau, to, mai haƙuri zai iya ƙalubalanci yanke shawara a ƙarƙashin lakabi na III ta hanyar gabatar da kotu ko yin rajista tare da Ma'aikatar Shari'a ...
Jagoran Taimako na fasaha yana da alamun misalai na lokacin da mai fassara ya zama dole a yayin da mai fassara ba shi da bukata. Ƙarin 1994 zuwa Ƙarin Taimako na fasaha ya ambaci misalai biyu. A misali na farko, mai kurma yana zuwa likita don yin dubawa na yau da kullum; bayanan kulawa da kuma gestures suna dauke da karɓa. A misali na biyu, wannan mai kurma yana da ciwon bugun jini kuma yana buƙatar dubawa sosai; an yi fassara mai fassara don zama dole domin sadarwa tana da zurfin zurfi.
Samun Doctors, Dentists, Asibitoci don Yarda
Ɗaya daga cikin shamaki don samun masu fassara shi ne "nauyin kaya".
Don magance wannan, Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwara (NAD) tana da takardun shaida a kan layi wanda ke gaya wa masu kurma su sanar da masu kiwon lafiya a gaban lokuta, cewa suna bukatar mai fassara. Bugu da ƙari kuma, ya nuna cewa mai bada sabis na kiwon lafiya dole ne ya biya ma'anar mai fassara ko da idan farashin mai fassara ya fi yadda ya kamata. A kasan takardun shaida, akwai alaƙa zuwa sharuɗɗan NAD Law and Advocacy Center da aka shiga. Wani shafi na NAD da yafi tsawo, Tambayoyi da Amsoshi ga masu bayar da lafiya, suna da wasu muhimman bayanai kamar gaskiyar cewa Kudin mai fassara ga likita zai iya cajin kuɗin haraji.
Ma'aikata Mai Magana Mai Tsarin Mulki
Ma'aikatar Shari'a tana da shirin ADA Mediation, inda ƙungiyoyi suke shawarwari kan hanyar da za a yarda da juna. Wadannan taƙaitaccen misalai na lokuta masu rikici da suka shafi masu fassara a wuraren kiwon lafiya an ba su a kan shafin ADA Mediation Program:
- Wani likita wanda ya ki karba don mai fassara ya yarda ya dauki masu fassara.
- Wani likita ya yarda ya biya masu fassara kuma ya adana jerin masu fassara masu amfani don kiran.
Adiresu na ADA masu shiga masu fassara
Ma'aikatar Shari'a ta wallafa wani labaran kan layi, Abubuwan Lafiya ta Kan Lafiya ta yanar gizo, wanda ke dauke da misalan sharuɗɗan likita, likitoci, da kuma asibitoci. Da ke ƙasa an taƙaita misalai da aka samo. A wasu daga cikin asibitoci, masu kurma ko masu sauraro sun kasance a cikin gaggawa lokacin da suke buƙatar amma ba su sami masu fassara ba, kuma / ko ba su da masu fassara a cikin asibiti.
Yawancin marasa lafiya da yawa sunyi amfani da kwayoyi da hanyoyi ba tare da fahimtar abin da ke gudana ba, ko kuma 'yan uwansu sun tilasta su zama matsanancin matsayin matsayin masu fassara.
- Agusta 2007: Asibitin Rhode Island ya zauna kuma ya yarda ya ba masu fassara.
- Yuni 2007: Ciwon asibitin Virginia ya zauna kuma ya yarda ya ba da ma'anar masu sauraro masu sauraro.
- Disamba 2006: Asibiti na Louisiana ya zauna kuma ya amince da su samar da masu fassara ga marasa lafiya.
- Oktoba 2006: Asibitin Florida ya zauna kuma ya amince da shi don samar da masu fassara.
- Agusta 2006: Asibitin Maryland wanda ke amfani da fassarar bidiyo, ya amince da shi don samar da ayyuka masu mahimmanci na bidiyo.
- Yuni 2006: Hukunta takwas:
- Wani asibiti na Indiana ya amince da shi don samar da masu fassara don hanyoyin ƙwayar.
- Ministan Minnesota ya yarda ya ba masu fassara.
- Wani likitan Georgia ya yarda ya samar da masu fassara.
- Wani likita a yankunan karkarar Nevada ya yarda ya ba masu fassara.
- Wani likitan Florida ya amince ya ba masu fassara.
- Wani likitan likitan Michigan ya amince ya ba masu fassara maimakon neman wanda ya yi kurari ya yi amfani da wani dan uwansa.
- Wani likitan Nevada ya yarda ya samar da sadarwa mai mahimmanci.
- Wani likita na kiwon lafiya na Illinois ya yarda ya samar da masu fassara.
- Fabrairu 2006: Wani asibiti Delaware ya yarda ya ba masu fassara. Mai haƙuri ba shi da wani mai fassara a ko dai cikin gaggawa ko kuma a lokacin zamansa.
- Satumba 2005: Asibitin Washington, DC ya yarda ya samar da mai fassara ko wasu sadarwa mai kyau.
- Disamba 2004: Abubuwan uku:
- Wani asibitin Maryland ya yarda ya ba masu fassara.
- A Tennessee, likitoci uku sun yarda da su samar da masu fassara ga mai sihiri.
- Wani likitan likitan Iowa ya yarda ya ba masu fassara.
Sources (isa 11/21/07):
ADA Taimakon Taimako na Taimako na 1994 1994 Ƙarin, http://www.ada.gov/taman3up.html
ADA Title III Jagoran Harkokin Kasuwanci, http://www.ada.gov/taman3.html
Dokar {asashen Amirka da Harkokin Cutar {asashen 1990, http://www.ada.gov/pubs/ada.htm
Shirin Adalci na ADA, http://www.ada.gov/mediate.htm
Shafin Farko na Yankin Abubuwan Lalacewa, http://www.usdoj.gov/crt/ada/disabilitynews.htm
Doctors - Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙwararru, http://www.nad.org/doctors
Lissafi na III na Lissafi, http://www.ada.gov/t3hilght.htm