Sanin ganewa, Tsayawa, da ƙwarewar Lymph Node Metastases
Kwayar ciwon huhu a yaduwa yakan yadu zuwa ƙananan lymph kafin ya yada zuwa wasu sassan jiki. Mene ne kwayar cutar shan taba ta yadu zuwa, ta yaya likitanku ya san idan cutar kanjamau ta yadu zuwa ga ƙananan lymph ɗinku, kuma menene hakan yake nufi gameda maganin ku da kuma hangen nesa?
Bayani
Kwayar huhu na iya yada ( metastasize ) a cikin hanyoyi guda uku. Zai iya yada ta hanyar:
- tsarin lymphatic
- jinin jini
- gida kusa da ƙwayar cuta
(Har ila yau ana tunanin cewa ciwon huhu na huhu, ba kamar wasu cututtuka ba, na iya yada ta hanyar hanyoyi).
Lokacin da kwayoyin cutar kanjamau ke tafiya ta hanyar lymphatic tsarin an kai su zuwa kogin lymph inda za su iya zama su girma. Kwayar ciwon huhu yana yaduwa zuwa ga ƙananan ƙwayoyin lymph kusa da tsutsa, wanda aka sani da ƙwayoyin lymph na yankin, amma kuma zai iya yadawa zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph a yankuna masu nisa. Wasu sharuddan da za ku ji cewa kwatancin ciwon huhu na huhu wanda ya yada zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph kusa da tumor sun hada da "cututtukan yanki," "yaduwan yanki," ko kuma "ciwon ci gaba na gida."
Wadanne Nodes Na Ƙasar Za a Yi Aiki
Kwayoyin lymph wanda cutar kanjamau ta shimfiɗa zuwa farko sau da yawa ya dogara da wurin da ciwon sukari yake. Idan ka karanta ta cikin duk wani rahotanni na rediyo, kalmomin da ke kwatanta ɓangaren ƙumburi na wucin gadi na iya zama rikicewa. Hanyar da za ta iya tunani game da ciwon huhu na huhu wanda ke yadawa zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph shi ne raba rabi zuwa sassa uku:
- Jirgin lymph na intrapulmonary: Wannan lokaci yana nufin jigun lymph wanda ke cikin cikin huhu. Wadannan na iya zama ƙwayoyin lymph na jiki-wato, ƙwayoyin lymph wanda aka samo a cikin yankuna na waje daga cikin huhu-ko kuma a cikin ɓangaren ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar da ake ciki da bronchi da manyan arteries da veins shiga cikin huhu ( hilum ).
- Lopin lymph nesa: Wadannan su ne lymph nodes da suke wurin a cikin kirji tsakanin kwayoyin huhu ( mediastinum ).
- Rigon lymph na Extrathoracic: Wannan kalma yana nufin ƙwayoyin lymph da aka gano a waje na thorax (ƙirji). Wadannan sun hada da ƙananan lymphular lymph nodes, wanda ke cikin yanki ne kawai sama da collarbone; da kuma ƙananan ƙwayar lymph, waɗanda suke a cikin wuyansa, kusa da babbar riba.
Wata hanyar da aka yi amfani da lymph nodes an danganta ne a gefen jiki inda suke:
- Sashen lymph nodes: Wannan yana nufin ƙwayoyin lymph a gefe ɗaya na jiki kamar ƙwayar cuta.
- Ƙananan lymph nodes: Ƙananan lymph nodes a gefe ɗaya ("contra") daga cikin kirji daga tsutsa.
Cutar cututtuka
Kuna iya ba da wata alamar cututtukan da ke da alaka da ciwon daji da ke yadawa ga ƙananan lymph ɗinku. Idan kuna da alamun bayyanar, waɗannan na iya hada da:
- Kusawa a cikin wuyanka ko a cikin yanki kawai a sama da kullun.
- Rawancin numfashi saboda matsin lamba daga ƙwayoyin lymph.
- Yankewa saboda matsa lamba akan jijiyoyin da ke haifar da ƙwayar lymph a cikin ko kusa da huhu.
Sanin asali
Bayan da aka gano ciwon daji na huhu, likitanku zai bada shawarar gwaje-gwaje don ganin idan tarin jikinku ya yada zuwa ƙananan lymph ko zuwa wurare masu nisa. Tabbatar da idan, da kuma abin da, lymph nodes ciwon daji ya yada zuwa da muhimmanci ga zaɓar mafi kyau magani.
Wasu gwaje-gwaje da za a iya yi sun haɗa da:
- CT scan ko MRI na kirji da ciki
- PET Scan - Musamman idan kana da ciwon ƙwayar cutar kututtukan kwayoyin halitta
- Endobronchial Duban dan tayi
- Mediastinoscopy
- Kwayar hanzari na Lymph - Idan ana iya samun damar yin amfani da kwayar lymph ta hanyar hanya irin su ultrasound ko mediastinoscopy , likitanku na iya ɗaukar samfurin ƙwayar lymph don gwada shi don kwayoyin cutar kanjamau.
Tsarin
Ciwon daji na TNM na ciwon daji na jikin mahaifa shine hanyar yin gyare-gyare wanda yake la'akari da girman kututtukan ka, gabanin kwayar cutar lymph wanda cutar ta kamu da ita, da kuma duk wani shaida na yaduwa da kututtukan ka zuwa yankunan da ke nisa daga jikinka.
A cikin shirin TNM, N yana nufin ƙirar kumburi na lymph:
- N0 - Babu yaduwa da ciwon tumo zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph
- N1 - Zangon ya yada zuwa kusoshi na kusa a gefe ɗaya na jiki
- N2 - Ciwon sukari ya yadu zuwa nodes gaba daya amma a gefe ɗaya na jiki
- N3 - Ciwon daji sun yada zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph a gefe ɗaya daga cikin kirji daga kututture, ko zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph a kusa da ƙwanƙarar ƙira ko wuyan wuyansa
Jiyya
Yin magani ga ciwon daji na huhu wanda ya yada ga ƙwallon ƙwayar lymph ya dogara da mataki na ciwon daji da lafiyar ku. Idan cutar kanjamau ta yada zuwa kawai ƙananan ƙwayoyin lymph, za a iya la'akari da magani . Idan tarin ya yada zuwa ƙananan lymph zuwa gaba ko zuwa yankuna nesa, lokuttan magani sun hada da chemotherapy , radiationrapy , dabarun kwantar da hankali, da immunotherapy.
Faɗakarwa
Maganar cutar kanjamau da ta yada zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph ya dogara da abubuwa da dama, ciki har da wanda aka shafi lymph nodes, irin cutar ciwon huhu da kaji , girman girman ka, ko yarinka ya yada zuwa wasu sassan jikinka, da kiwon lafiyarka. Yawancin gwaji na gwaji suna neman hanyoyin da za su magance ciwon huhu da kuma bayar da bege cewa maganin zai inganta a nan gaba.
Wata kalma daga kan ƙwayar ƙwayar Lymph tare da cutar ciwon huhu
Tabbatar da abin da, idan duk wani ƙwayar lymph a cikin jikinka yana da kyau ga ƙwayoyin ciwon huhu na huhu shine muhimmiyar maɓallin zaɓin mafi kyawun maganin tumɓin ku. Tabbatar da abin da lymph nodes da kuma dangantaka da ƙananan ƙwayarku suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen daidaitawa.
Zai iya zama da wuya a san ko ciwon daji ke fama da ciwon huhu na lymph, kuma ba zai yiwu a yi biopsies ba a duk wuraren da za a iya. Saboda wannan dalili, bincike da nazarin hotuna suna dogara ne da ƙarfi. Samun lymph nodes a cikin mediastinum (yankin kirji a tsakanin huhu) yana da mahimmanci a raba da zaɓuɓɓukan magani (alal misali, tiyata da wasu jiyya) amma yana da wuya a nazarin. A baya, an gudanar da aikin da ake kira mediastinoscopy don haka likitocin likita zasu iya yin amfani da wadannan hanyoyi. A halin yanzu, PET daɗaɗɗa tare da CT suna iya samar da wannan bayani a cikin hanya mai mahimmanci.
> Sources:
> Almeida, F. et al. Binciken farko na rashin lafiya na ciwon ciwon huhu na mahaukaci maras lafiya: ganewar asali da ƙaddamarwa. Rahotanni na yanzu a Magungunan Pulmonary . 2010. 16 (4): 307-14.
> Riquet, M. et al. Rahoton da ke tattare da kumburi na lymph a cikin kututtukan huhu da kuma Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙasa ta Duniya don Nazarin Ciwon Toshin Cutar Tsutsa da aka kwatanta a yankunan. Hanyoyin Cutar Kodin Tsarin Hoto da Tashin Ciki . 2010. 11: 260-264.
> Xia, Y., Zhang, B., Zhang, J., Li, W., Wang, K., da kuma H. Shen. Binciken ƙwayar lymph yaduwar kwayar cutar daji a cikin huhu: wanene babban alkali? Journal of Thoracic Disease . 2015. 7 (Sanya 4): S231-7.