Kimanin kashi 1 cikin 100 na dukkan malignancies ya ƙunshi thyroid, kuma ciwon ciwon thyroid shine sau 3 more na kowa a cikin mata. A ƙasashen Yammacin da yawan nauyin iodine a wuraren samar da abinci, yawancin masu ciwon sukari ne nau'i daban-daban na maganin ciwon maganin thyroid da ake kira ciwon maganin thyroid . Abin farin ciki, a cikin manya da ƙwayar thyroid carcinoma, ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayar halitta ba su da yawa.
Duk da haka, mastastases mai nisa-wanda ke daɗaɗa kan tafiya a kan tsarin sistem (zubar da jini) da kuma haɗuwa a wuraren da ba su da magunguna irin su huhu da kasusuwa - sun fi dacewa da wani nau'i daban-daban na ciwon maganin thyroid da ake kira follicular thyroid carcinoma . Abin takaici, irin wannan matakoki na iya kasancewa bayyanar bayyanar! Abin takaici, wasu daga cikin wadannan mutanen da ke dauke da thyroid carcinoma ba su da amsa ga radiotherapy (radioiodine) bayan cirewar karoid. Don irin wannan mutumin da ke fama da rikici, bambancin ciwon maganin thyroid, likitan miyagun ƙwayoyi (Lenvima) zai iya taimakawa. Na bayanin kula, lenvatinib ya zo a cikin nauyin kambura.
Ƙarin Game da Warar Thyroid
Dukansu papillary da follicular thyroid carcinoma samu daga follicular epithelial Kwayoyin a cikin thyroid. An gano su ta hanyar gine-gine da kuma bambance-bambance na nukiliya. Rasa'in da biyar cikin dari na thyroid cancers ba su da lokaci ba tare da wani gadon iyalan da aka gano ba.
Hanyoyin rashawa na waje shine kawai haɗarin haɗarin ciwon daji da kuma maganin ciwon maganin thyroid ciwon daji-musamman musamman na papillary thyroid ciwon daji-duk da haka, yadine wuce haddi ko rashi na iya taka rawa.
Tare da ciwon maganin thyroid, thyroid nodules ko "lumps" ne mafi yawan gabatar da bayyanar . Saboda irin wadannan nodules yawanci suna "sanyi" a kan maganin karo, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwararru mai kyau (wani irin biopsy) hanya ne mai kyau don gano asalin waɗannan ciwace-ciwacen.
Magungunan ciwon thyroid da ke da bambanci da aikin tiyata, wanda ya kasance mai jujjuya ko mazan jiya-yana da rikici kuma ya dogara da sanya hannuwan karoid da lymph nodes. A lokuta na ciwon daji na thyroid din da ke yaduwa (m metastases), dole ne a cire allroid dinka domin radioiodine take.
Na bayanin kula, ciwon maganin ciwon thyroid ne mafi yawan mutane a cikin shekarun 50s da 60, kuma da zarar ya hadu da matakai, shekaru 10 na rayuwa shine kashi 10. (Overall, a cikin shekarar 2014, mutane 1,890 a Amurka sun mutu saboda ciwon maganin ciwon maganin ciwon maganin ciwon maganin ka.) Bugu da ƙari, chemotherapy ya rigaya ya tabbatar da tasiri a cikin wadanda ke tare da thyroid carcinoma.
Ƙarin Game da Lenvatinib
Ba tare da samun takamaiman bayani ba, lenvatinib mai amfani ne mai hana tyrosine kinase wanda ya hana ƙwayoyin kwayoyin da ke cikin ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba. A wasu kalmomi, lenvatinib ya hana ci gaban kwayoyin tumo da ke nisa daga thyroid wanda ya saba wa magani tare da maida rediyo.
A watan Fabrairun 2015 bayan da aka sake duba sakamakon daga wani gwajin gwaji na Phase 3, FDA ta amince da samfurin. Masu bincike sun bincikar mutane 392 tare da bambancin ciwon maganin thyroid da ke da kariya ga radioiodine. Bugu da ƙari, an gudanar da hotunan linzami ga mahalarta 261 yayin da masu halartar 131 suka karbi wuribo.
Abu mai mahimmanci, an tsara wannan binciken tare da ƙari wanda ya taimaka wa mutane da ci gaba da cutar su canza daga placebo zuwa levinib. Saboda irin wannan haɗin, masu bincike basu iya yin ba'a ba ko lovatinib ya kara yawan zaman rayuwa.
Masu bincike ne, duk da haka, sun iya tabbatar da cewa rayuwa mai ci gaba da raguwa tsakanin mutane 18.3 ne a cikin gwaji ko wadanda ke karbar hotunan a cikin watanni uku da uku da uku a cikin wadanda ke karbar placebo.
Kashi arba'in daga cikin masu halartar kallon wasan kwaikwayo sun fuskanci cututtuka masu illa wadanda, a mafi yawancin lokuta, aka sarrafa su ta hanyar daidaita yanayin maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi.
Duk da haka, kashi 14.2 cikin dari na masu halartar binciken da aka kwashe daga cikin binciken sun yi la'akari, kuma kashi 6 cikin 20 da suka faru a yayin nazarin watanni 14 da aka dauka sunyi la'akari da alamun magani.
Musamman, a nan akwai wasu cututtukan lahani na linvatinib:
- hauhawar jini (67.8 bisa dari na mahalarta)
- cututtukan (kashi 59.4 na mahalarta)
- gajiya (kashi 59 cikin dari na mahalarta)
- rage yawan ci (kashi 50.2 na mahalarta)
- rage nauyin (46.4 bisa dari na mahalarta)
- tashin hankali (kashi 41.0 cikin mahalarta)
Yawanci, sakamakon sakamakon wannan gwajin ya nuna cewa a cikin wadanda ke dauke da ciwon maganin thyroid da ke cutar da kwayar cutar thyroid wanda ke da nasaba da radiotherapy, lenvatinib na iya dakatar da cigaba da ciwon daji. Idan kai ko wanda kake ƙauna yana fama da wannan mummunan cututtuka, binciken binciken wannan yana ƙarfafawa. Duk da haka, ana bukatar karin bincike don gane ainihin wanda yake buƙatar maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi, abin da ake amfani da shi a mafi mahimmanci, kuma ko tsayawa cigaba yana haifar da kyakkyawar rayuwa. Bayan haka, ko da magunguna mafi mahimmanci kaɗan kadan ne idan rayuwarku ta zama mummunan aiki.
Sources:
Rubutun littafi mai suna "Yayi bambancin thyroid carcinoma" by O. Gimm da H. Dralle daga Murayiga : Rahoton Shaida da Matsala da aka buga a 2001.
Mataki mai suna "Lenvatinib inganta rayuwarka a cikin cututtukan ciwon thyroid" by S Mayer daga The Lancet da aka buga a shekara ta 2015.
Mataki mai suna "Tsarin Tsira don Bambanci na Thyroid: Jagoran Shawarar" da GA Rahman daga Oman Medical Journal da aka buga a shekara ta 2011.
Mataki mai suna "Lenvatinib zuwa Placebo a Radioiodine Refractory Thyroid Cancer" by M Shlumberger da kuma marubuta daga NEJM da aka buga a 2015.