Cutar Gida Maɗaukaki
Hemophilia - halayyar maza da aka haifa don zubar da jini - tsohuwar cutar ne kawai aka kawo karkashin iko a cikin shekaru 50 ko shekaru. Litattafan Yahudawa na karni na biyu AD sun yi magana ne game da yara waɗanda suka mutu bayan kaciya, kuma malamin Larabawa Albucasis (1013-1106) ya kuma bayyana maza a cikin iyali daya bayan mutuwa bayan raunin da ya faru.
A cikin tarihin kwanan nan, Sarauniya Victoria ta dan Leopold dan Birtaniya ta sami 'yanci, kuma' ya'ya mata biyu, Alice da Beatrice, sun kasance masu dauke da kwayar halitta.
Ta hanyar da su, an ba da iyakokin gadon sarauta a cikin iyalan dangi a Spain da kuma Rasha, wanda ya jagoranci daya daga cikin samari mafi shahararrun mutanen da ke fama da cutar, Tsar Nicholas II, ɗansa kawai, Alexei.
Kimanin 1 a cikin 10,000 mutane ana haife su tare da hemophilia A. Game da 1 a cikin mutane 50,000 ana haife shi tare da hemophilia B.
Dalilin da Siffofin
Ko da yake cutar da aka sani da kuma rubuta game da, a cikin matasa samari sun mutu kawai domin shi likitoci ba su san abin da ya sa shi ko yadda za a bi da shi. A cikin shekarun 1800, likitoci sunyi tunanin cewa zub da jini ya faru ne saboda jinin jini ya zama m. A 1937, an samo wani abu a cikin jini na al'ada wanda zai sanya jini jini wanda ake kira "anti-hemophilic globulin."
A shekara ta 1944, masu binciken sun gano cewa idan an haxa jini daga harsuna guda biyu daban-daban, duka biyu sun iya yin katsewa. Ba wanda zai iya bayyana wannan har sai 1952, lokacin da masu bincike a Ingila suka gane cewa akwai nau'i biyu na hemophilia.
Sun kasance suna nazarin dan shekaru 10 wanda ke da hemophilia mai suna Stephen Kirsimeti wanda bai yi kama da cutar "na al'ada" ba. Sun kira shi hemophilia mai suna B, ko kuma "cutar Kirsimeti," da kuma mafi yawan lokuttan da suka shafi A, ko kuma "hemophilia masu kyau". Kwayar Kirsimeti rinjayar kawai kashi 15-20 cikin dari na mutanen da suke da hemophilia.
Ma'aikata Tattaunawa
Da ganowar irincin A da na B ya zo ne da gane cewa dole ne akwai "daban-daban na" anti-hemophilic globulin "a cikin tsarin clotting. An sanya sunayensu zuwa wadannan nau'o'in "abubuwan haɗin gwiwa" na kwamitin ƙaddamarwa a shekara ta 1962. Hemophilia A shine rashi na Factor VIII, kuma hemophilia B shine rashi na Factor IX.
Jiyya
Da zarar ya zama a fili cewa hawan mahaifa ya haifar da rashi na factor coagulation, maye gurbin abin da ya ɓace ya zama hanyar hanyar magani. A farkon shekarun 1950 an yi amfani da plasma dabba. A cikin shekarun 1970s, ƙwayar coagulation yana da hankali daga ƙwayar plasma mutum. Abin takaici, masana kimiyya yanzu sun san cewa wadanda ke da hankali suna dauke da ƙwayoyin cututtuka irin su hepatitis da HIV, kuma mutane da yawa da ke dauke da cutar hemophilia sun kamu da wannan cuta.
A yau, ana haifar da sifofin haɗin gwiwar (nau'in halitta) wanda ke kawar da haɗarin ƙwayoyin cuta. Yara da hemophilia an ba su matsayin haɗin gwiwa kamar yadda aka hana maganin rigakafi don rage zub da jini na kullum da kuma taimaka musu su rayu cikin dogon lokaci, lafiya, da kuma aiki.
Sources:
"Tarihi na Cutar Cutar." Mene Ne Cutar Ciki ?. 2006. Gidauniyar Hemophilia ta kasa.
17 Dec 2008
Shord, SS, & CM Lindley. "Samfurori da kuma amfani da su." Am J Health-Syst Pharm 57 (2000): 1403-1417.