Keratoconus wani yanayin likita ne wanda ke haifar da karfin jiki a waje. Cikin maharan shine tsarin tsabta, kamar dome a gaban gefen ido. Yawancin lokaci, canea ya zama mai sintiri da kuma steeper. Keratoconus shine kalmar Helenanci ma'anar "mahaifa-dimbin yawa cornon." Tare da yanayin, gine-gine ya zama nau'i-nau'i-nau'i, kuma hangen nesa ya zama mummunan gurbatawa kuma ya ɓace.
Keratoconus yana tsammanin ya fara nunawa a cikin shekaru matasa da kuma matakan bayan shekaru 40. Mutane bazai san cewa suna da shi a farkon matakan ba. Ko da yake keratoconus ko da yaushe ya zama mafi muni a idon daya, yawanci yanayin da ke faruwa a duka idanu. Lokacin da keratoconus ya ci gaba, hangen nesa ya zama matukar damuwa kuma ya gurbata. Ganin hangen nesa yana damu saboda a yayin da ake ci gaba da tayar da man fetur, rashin daidaituwa da rashin kulawa da hanzari. Yayin da yanayin ya ci gaba, raguwa na jiki zai iya faruwa, haifar da hasara mai zurfi. Wasu marasa lafiya da keratoconus suna lura da hangen nesa yayin da wasu ke ganin canje-canje a tsawon shekaru.
Mutanen da ke keratoconus sukan koka cewa hangen nesa ba ta inganta sosai ba tare da tabarau ta gyara. A wasu lokuta, caca na iya tasowa a gaba kuma ya zama na bakin ciki wanda yarinya ya tasowa, ya kara zurfafa hangen nesa. A lokuta da yawa, fatalwa tana iya rikicewa, yana haifar da hangen nesa ko ma makanta.
Dalilin Keratoconus
Dalili na ainihi na keratoconus abu ne na asiri. Duk da haka, masana kimiyya sun gaskata cewa kwayoyin halitta, yanayi, da kuma hormones na iya rinjayar dalilin da yasa wasu mutane ke bunkasa keratoconus.
Genetics: Anyi zaton wasu mutane suna da lahani na kwayoyin da ke haifar da wasu zarutattun furotin a cikin abin da ke ciki don zama rauni.
Wadannan zarutun suna yin amfani da kwayar cutar tare da kasancewa da tsari mai tsabta. Lokacin da waɗannan zarutun suka zama marasa ƙarfi, ƙwayar ta fara tasowa gaba. Wasu masanan kimiyya sun gaskata cewa kwayoyin suna taka rawar gani a cikin keratoconus saboda, a wasu lokuta, dangi ma zai cigaba da keratoconus.
Muhalli: Mutanen da keratoconus sun kasance suna da ciwo, musamman cututtukan cututtuka irin su hay fever , fuka, eczema, da kuma abincin abinci. Abin sha'awa, da yawa marasa lafiya da ke samar da keratoconus suna da tarihi na shafa ido. Wasu daga cikin wadannan mutane suna da ciwon sukari kuma wasu ba suyi ba, amma suna yin idanu. Ana tsammanin cewa shafawa mai karfi yana iya haifar da lalacewa ta hanyar canea, yana sa keratoconus ya ci gaba. Wata mahimman labari game da abin da ke haifar da keratoconus shine damuwa ne na oxyidative. Don wasu dalilai, mutanen da ke ci gaba da keratoconus suna da raguwa a cikin antioxidants a cikin launi. Lokacin da kamfanin na ba shi da isasshen maganin antioxidants, collagen a cikin cikin abin da ke ciki yana da rauni kuma gine-gine yana fara tasowa gaba. Danniya mai mahimmanci zai iya haifuwa ta hanyar abubuwa na mahimmanci irin su shafawa a ido ko a wasu lokuta, matsanancin matsanancin hotuna.
Hormonal yana jawowa: Tun da shekarun farko na keratoconus, an yi zaton cewa hormones na iya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ci gabanta.
Yana da mahimmanci don keratoconus ya ci gaba bayan haihuwa. An kuma rubuta shi don ci gaba ko ci gaba a cikin mata masu ciki.
Bincike na Keratoconus
Sau da yawa, mutane da keratoconus na farko sun fara tasowa. Astigmatism yana haifar da labarun da ke dauke da wani nau'i, kamar kwallon kafa, maimakon siffar siffar siffar siffa, kamar kwando.
Hanyar da ke tare da astigmatism yana da bangarori biyu, ɗayan kwana daya, kuma wanda yake da zurfi. Wannan yana sa hotunan su bayyana ƙyama ba tare da nuna alamar ba. Duk da haka, waɗannan marasa lafiya suna komawa cikin ofishin su na dan lokaci kadan, suna gunaguni cewa hangen nesa sunyi canzawa.
Saboda tarin hankali na hankali ya zama mai zurfi, rashin hankali kuma an gano shi akai-akai. Haske mai haskakawa yana sa abubuwa su zama ɓoye a nesa.
Masanan likitoci sun auna matakan gine-gine tare da keratometer. Zai iya lura da hankali sosai a tsawon lokacin, kuma za a ba da umarni ga gwaje - gwaje masu tasowa . Wani mai daukar hoto mai laushi shine hanyar sarrafawa ta hanyar yin taswirar siffar da kuma tayi na cornea. Mai ɗaukar hoto mai launi ya samar da taswirar launi wanda ya nuna wuraren da suka fi dacewa a wuri mafi zafi, launuka mai launin launin launuka da kuma wurare masu tsabta a cikin mai sanyaya, launuka masu launi. Topography zai nuna misali mai zurfi na cornea. Wani lokaci hotunan ma'adanai zai nuna matsala a tsakanin rabin rabin namanin da rabin rabin namanin.
Tare da cikakken duba ido , likitocin likita za su yi wani jarrabawar fitilu ta hanyar amfani da kwayar halitta mai kwakwalwa ta musamman don nazarin gine-gine. Sau da yawa, marasa lafiya na keratoconus suna da layi mai kyau a cikin tamanin da ake kira Vogt's striae. Har ila yau, da'irar launi na baƙin ƙarfe a kusa da abin da ke ciki na iya zama bayyane.
Jiyya na Keratoconus
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don bi da keratoconus dangane da tsananin da yanayin.
Hanyoyin ruwan tabarau mai tsauri: A farkon matakan da keratoconus, za'a iya sanya ruwan tabarau mai sauƙi. Kyakkyawan ruwan tabarau ne ruwan tabarau wanda ya daidaita launi. Gilashin ruwan tabarau ne mai laushi, amma yana ƙunshe da iko guda biyu: ikon daya da kuma iko daban daban 90 digiri.
Rigid gas gaskiyar lambobin ruwan tabarau: A cikin matsakaitan matsakaici na keratoconus, an yi amfani da ruwan tabarau mai tsabta ta gas. Kyakkyawan ruwan tabarau na gas yana samar da dadi mai kyau, don haka duk wani yunkuri na jiki zai iya rufe shi. Yayin da keratoconus ya cigaba, zai iya zama da wuya a saka gashin gas din da ta dace saboda tsananin motsi da haɓaka da ruwan tabarau. Gilashin gas mai tsauri ƙananan ƙananan ruwan tabarau ne, yawanci kusan 8-10 millimeters a diamita kuma suna motsa dan kadan tare da murfin ido.
Hanyoyin ruwan tabarau na Hybrid : Lissafi na abokin hulɗa yana da tsakiya ta tsakiya wanda aka sanya daga ma'aunin gas mai laushi tare da yatsa mai laushi. Wannan yana ba da mahimmancin ta'aziyya ga mutumin da yake saka ruwan tabarau. Saboda cibiyar yana da ƙarfi, har yanzu yana ba da irin wannan gyaran hangen nesa kamar gashin gas mai tsabta.
Lissafi na lambar sadarwa: Gilashin leken asiri masu girma sune manyan ruwan tabarau waɗanda aka yi daga wani abu mai kama da abin da gashin gas din da aka yi da shi. Duk da haka, ƙananan ruwan tabarau suna da yawa kuma suna rufe da abin da ke ciki kuma suna farfadowa a kan sclera, da fararen ido. Gilashin ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙafa yana ɓullo da ɓangaren ƙananan bakin ciki, ƙara ƙarfafawa da kuma rage chances of scarring.
Haɗin giciye: Tsarin giciye na jiki shine sabon tsari ne wanda ke taimakawa wajen ƙarfafa sassan a cikin lane don taimakawa wajen riƙe da yanayin al'ada. Hanyar ta shafi yin amfani da riboflavin (bitamin B) zuwa ido a cikin takarda. An yi amfani da hasken ultraviolet a ido don tabbatar da tsari. Haɗin gizon jikin mutum ba ya warkewa da keratoconus ko rage ragewar gine-gine, amma yana hana shi daga damuwa.
Tsarin keratoplasty: kadan, keratoconus na iya kara tsanantawa zuwa inda aka buƙaci dashi. A lokacin da ake yin keratoplasty hanya, an ba da kayan donon cornea a kan ɓangare na ɓangaren mai karba na cornea. Sabbin hanyoyin laser sun karu da nasarar nasarar dashi. Yawancin lokaci, sassan jiki suna ci nasara. Duk da haka, kin amincewa shine koda yaushe damuwa. Yana da wuya a hango asali sakamakon karshe na hangen nesa. Kodayake dashi zai iya cin nasara, mai haƙuri zai iya ci gaba da cika takardun izini da kuma buƙatar saka murmushi.