Jiyya ga Melanoma Skin Ciwon daji yana da tsai da matsala
Tsarin Interferon-alfa2b don melanoma shine kawai likita da aka yarda a wannan lokaci. Daidaitaccen magungunan farko don melanoma shine cirewa daga kowane nau'i, hanyar da ake kira ƙaddarar gari . Dangane da mataki na ƙwararren ku, likitanku zai iya bayar da shawara ga magungunan adjuvant (bayan tiyata) don rage damar da za a sake dawo da su (recur).
Alal misali, idan melanoma ya yada zuwa daya ko fiye daga cikin ƙananan lymph , akwai kimanin kashi 70 zuwa 80 bisa dari damar da za a sake dawowa a cikin shekaru uku zuwa biyar zuwa uku. Yanayin maganin Adjuvant yanzu suna da iyakance sosai: maganin interferon-alfa2b (IFN) ita ce kawai magani da aka yarda har yanzu. Idan masanin ilimin likitancinka ya bada shawarar interferon-alfa2b, wannan zabin zai sa ku da muhimmancin bayanin da kuke buƙatar fahimtar yadda yake aiki, da tasiri da kuma tasirinsa.
Lura cewa wannan bayanin bazai iya rufe dukan kariya, hulɗa ko mummunan tasiri na wannan magani ba. Idan kana da wasu tambayoyi game da kowace miyagun ƙwayoyi kake ɗauka, tabbas ka duba tare da likitanka.
Interferon-alfa2b
Har ila yau, ana kiran interferon-alpha2b, IFN da Intron A, Cibiyar Abinci da Drug ta hanyar Interferon-alfa2b a 1995. An yarda da miyagun ƙwayoyi don amfani cikin kwanaki 56 (makonni takwas) bayan tiyata a marasa lafiya 18 da haihuwa ko kuma tsofaffi da m melanoma wadanda basu da cutar amma suna da mummunar haɗari don sake dawowa (tumo yana dawowa).
Marasa lafiya a babban haɗari na sake dawowa sun haɗa da wadanda ke tare da melanoma a cikin wadannan matakai:
- Stage IIB - ciwace-fuka fiye da 4 mm (game da 1/6 na inch) lokacin farin ciki ba tare da ulcewa ba
- Stage IIC - ciwace-ciwace fiye da 4 mm lokacin farin ciki tare da ulceration
- Stage IIIA, IIIB, IIIC - ciwace-ciwacen ƙwayar cuta zai iya kasancewa girman amma cutar ta yada ga ƙananan lymph
Interferon-alfa2b ya bambanta da magani na chemotherapy - shi ne ainihin ɓangaren jikin jikinka. An san shi a matsayin cytokine , waxanda sunadaran sunadarai ne da kwayoyin da ake kira leukocytes a mayar da martani ga kwayar cuta, kwayoyin cuta, ko wasu masu shiga cikin kasashen waje. Daga nan sai ya haɗa zuwa wasu kwayoyin kuma ya haifar da canje-canje masu sauƙi (yawancin basu sani ba), ciki har da jinkirin raguwa da ragowar tantanin halitta kuma rage karfin '' sel 'don kare kansu daga tsarin rigakafi.
IFN da ake amfani da shi a melanoma ba ya fito ne daga jiki ba amma an samar da kwayoyin a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje ta hanyar amfani da fasahar aikin injiniya. Ya na da kaya iri iri a matsayin sihiri amma an kira ta "recombinant" saboda wannan dalili.
Tabbatar da amincin Interferon-alfa2b
IFN ne kawai magani ga mutanen da ke da mummunar mummunan ƙwayar rai da aka yi da su wanda aka nuna don inganta rayuwar rayuka ba tare da sake dawowa ba (rayuwa ba tare da cutar ba) da kuma rayuwa duka. Kwalejin karatu guda uku ya jagoranci hukumar ta FDA. Da farko, an kwatanta cewa IFN ba tare da yin kome ba: A wannan yanayin, waɗanda aka bi da IFN ba su sake dawo da sauri ba kuma sun rayu a shekara guda a kan matsakaici. A cikin gwaji na biyu, kashi IFN yayi girma idan aka kwatanta shi da IFN kuma ya sake samun karuwa mai yawa a rayuwa mai dorewa a cikin babban ƙungiyar.
Duk da haka, babu wani bambanci a cikin dukan rayuwa. A ƙarshe, lokacin da aka kwatanta IFN a kan maganin rigakafin da ake kira GMK, sakamakon ya bayyana: ƙungiyar IFN ta sami cigaba da kashi 47% cikin rayuwa mai sake dawowa da kuma cigaba da kashi 52% a rayuwar kowa.
An gudanar da wasu gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwaje masu yawa (kuma ana ci gaba da gudanar da su) a cikin ƙoƙari na ƙara ingantaccen IFN. Abin takaici, wasu binciken baya ba su nuna babbar tasiri ba kamar yadda ainihin asali - kuma binciken binciken da aka yi a 2008 (wanda ake kira "Sunbelt") bai nuna rashin lafiyar IFN ba a kan marasa lafiya da kyamarar ƙwayar lymph mai kyau - don haka amfani na IFN ya kasance rikici tsakanin likitoci.
Lalle ne, masu ilimin likita a Turai sun saba da cewa suna rubuta IFN saboda hasashe game da karamin amfani da kuma yawan ciwo. Idan kana da wasu tambayoyi ko damuwa, tabbas za ku tattauna su da likitanku.
Amfani da Interferon-alfa2b
Bayan an tilastawa, an ba IFN cikin matakai biyu: shigarwa da kiyayewa. Haɗuwa ya haɗa da samun babban kashi a asibiti tare da jiko na IV (intravenous) fiye da minti 20, kwana biyar a jere, a mako ɗaya, na makonni huɗu. A lokacin gyaran gyare-gyare, zaku yi amfani da IFN da kashin ku a gida sau uku a kowane mako don makonni 48. An yi masa allura kawai a karkashin fata ( subcutaneously ), yawanci a cinya ko ciki. Za a sanar da ku ko dangi yadda za a ba da wannan maganin daga likita ko likita.
Hanyoyi na Yanayi na Interferon-alfa2b
Jiyya tare da IFN yana da tsawo da kuma kalubale. Duk da haka, tare da saka idanu mai kyau, gyaran gyare-gyaren gyare-gyare, da kuma tallafi mai tallafi, za'a iya ba da shi lafiya kuma yana iya amfani da shi don yawancin marasa lafiya. Sakamakon sakamako guda biyu na IFN sune kamuwa da cututtuka (zazzabi, juyayi, tsoka da haɗin gwiwa) da kuma gajiya. Don taimakawa wajen tabbatar da waɗannan bayyanar cututtuka, bi "ABC":
- Wani malamin (Tylenol)
- B lokacin da za a gudanar da aiki (yi injections kafin su kwanta)
- C ci gaba da makamashi
- D rink mai yawa daga ruwa
- E a daidaitaccen abinci
- F damu akan tabbatacce
Rashin kamuwa da cututtuka kamar yadda yawancin cututtuka ke ragewa a kan magungunan magani amma fatalwa yakan ci gaba kuma yana iya kara muni.
Wadannan abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin ƙasa ba su da yawa amma an ruwaito a cikin mutane da yawa suna shan IFN:
- Nuna, zubar da ruwa
- Skin irritation a wurin injection
- Dizziness
- Raunin hankali, tunanin suicidal, da sauran matsalolin motsa jiki
- "Tsarin da needles" ji a cikin hannaye da ƙafa
- Asarar gashi
- Rage aikin samar da jini mai tsabta, wanda zai haifar da ƙarin cututtuka da anemia
- Canje-canje a cikin hanta aiki
- Canje-canje a rumbun zuciya da kuma karfin jini
Wasu mawuyacin illa mai yiwuwa ne don haka tabbatar da tattauna su tare da likitan ku. Yawancin cututtukan da za su kare zai tafi sau ɗaya lokacin da aka dakatar da farfadowar alfe2-alfa2b.
Harkokin hulɗa
IFN na iya kara damuwa daga yanayin da kake ciki, don haka gaya wa likita idan kana da:
- Hepatitis
- Duk wani cututtukan hanta
- Ciwon sukari
- Ciwon zuciya
- Ciwon huhu
Magana:
"Melanoma." Ƙungiyar Cibiyar Cutar Cancer ta kasa. V.1.2009. 28 Janairu 2009.
"Ku shiga Bayanan Bayani." Schering-Plow. 28 Janairu 2009.
Ascierto PA, Kirkwood JM. "Adjuvant far da melanoma tare da interferon: darussan shekaru goma da suka wuce." J Transl Med 2008 6: 62-70. 28 Janairu 2009.