Akwai hanyoyi masu yawa na hasara-hasara don samuwa da wasu marasa lafiya da kiba. Duk da yake wasu daga cikin wadannan hanyoyi sun kasance a cikin ayyuka na shekarun da suka gabata, yadda za su iya hulɗa da kuma shafi lafiyar hankali na marasa lafiya tare da kiba ba ayi nazarin zurfi ba. Binciken wallafe-wallafen da aka samo yana ƙoƙari ya canza wannan, duk da haka.
Mene ne aikin tiyata?
Kalmar "aikin tiyata" yana amfani da wasu hanyoyin da aka samo don magance kiba da kuma ƙwayar jiki yana jawo asarar nauyi. Wadannan sun hada da tazarar haɓaka , ƙuƙwalwa mai laushi , da kuma hannayen hannayen ganyayyaki (sleeve gastrectomy), da sauransu, wanda aka bunkasa don maganin kiba.
Wane ne Wakili na Harkokin Bariatric?
Bisa ga ka'idodin ganyayyaki da Cibiyar Harkokin Kasuwancin Amirka (AHA), Cibiyar Kwalejin Kasuwancin Amirka (ACC) da kuma Ƙungiyar Obesity Society (TOS) ta kasance, za a iya yin aikin tiyata ga marasa lafiya da suka dace da wasu ka'idodi.
Wadannan sharudda sun haɗa da halayen jiki (BMI) na 40 ko mafi girma, ko kuma BMI na 35 ko mafi girma a cikin mai haƙuri wanda ke da wasu yanayi na kiwon lafiya (wanda aka sani da "ka'idodi maras kyau") da cutar ta haifar.
Kwamitin rubutun mahimmanci mai mahimmanci bai samo cikakkun shaida don bayar da shawarar aikin tiyata don marasa lafiya da ke da BMI wadanda suka fadi a kasa da waɗannan cututtukan.
Jagoran ya ci gaba da ba da shawara ga likitoci na farko da sauransu da ke kula da marasa lafiya tare da kiba tare da babban BMI don gwada "magunguna tare da ko ba tare da pharmacotherapy" na farko ba, sa'an nan kuma idan wannan bai yi aiki tare da sauran kayan abinci da salon salon rayuwa don samun asarar nauyi ba, bariatric ana iya ɗaukar tiyata.
Ta Yaya Harkokin Kiwon Lafiyar Harkokin Kiwon Lafiyar Yaya Yarda?
Wani bincike-binciken da yayi nazari akan littattafan aikin tiyata wanda ke akwai 68 wallafe-wallafe da suka ruwaito kan yanayin kiwon lafiyar jiki a cikin yanayin aikin tiyata.
A cewar masana marubuta, "Daga cikin marasa lafiya da ke neman yakin bashi, al'amuran kiwon lafiya na al'ada ... sun kasance da damuwa da cin abinci ."
Musamman, an gano kashi 19 cikin dari na marasa lafiya da ciwon ciki kuma an samu kashi 17 cikin dari na ciwon ciwo.
Yayinda ba a sami ciwo ba ko rashin cin nama ba tare da haɗuwa da bambance-bambance a sakamakon sakamakon aikin ba, yana nuna cewa aikin tiyata na kanta yana da tasiri mai kyau ga marasa lafiya da ciwon ciki.
Masu bincike sun gano cewa tiyata ne da ke haɗuwa da ƙananan matsaloli bayan aiki. Sakin aikin bariatric yana haɗuwa da ƙananan ƙwayar cututtuka na ciki.
Masu rubutun binciken sun kammala cewa "yanayin kiwon lafiyar jiki na yau da kullum ne a tsakanin masu aikin tiyata-musamman, rashin tausayi da kuma ciwon cin nama." Sun kuma lura da goyon baya ga "ƙungiya tsakanin aikin bariatric da ƙananan ƙananan ciwon zuciya bayan bala'i."
Sources:
Dawes AJ, Maggard-Gibbons M, Maher AR, et al. Harkokin kiwon lafiya na tunanin tunani a tsakanin marasa lafiya da kuma neman aikin tiyata: wani zane-zane. JAMA 2016; 315: 150-163.
Jensen MD, Ryan DH, Apovian CM, et al. 2013 Dokar AIHA / ACC / TOS don kula da nauyin kiba da kiba a cikin manya: rahoto na Cibiyar Harkokin Kasuwancin Kasuwancin Amurka da Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyar Amirka wadda ta buga a ranar lahadi 27, 2013]. J Am Coll Cardiol.
Jensen MD, Ryan DH. Sabbin sharuɗɗa mai mahimmanci: alkawura da m. JAMA 2014; 311: 23-24.