Tsarin Gram shine tsarin kwayoyin halitta wanda ke rarraba kwayoyin halitta bisa ga tsarin jiki da na sinadaran farfajiya. Anyi wannan ne kawai tare da zane-zane, microscope, da stains. Wannan hanya ana amfani dasu don ganowa da kuma ganewa kwayoyin duka a bincike da ɗakin gwaje-gwaje na asibiti.
Gram-Gaskiya da Gram-Negative
Bacteria an rarraba shi a cikin nau'i biyu, nau'in gira-tabbatacce da inganci.
- Kwayoyin kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta suna da kwanciyar hankali wanda ya kunshi kwayoyin sunadaran sukari da ake kira peptidoglycan. Gram tacewa na launi na peptidoglycan (wanda shine murfin tantanin halitta) tare da sinadaran da ake kira sakamakon crystal violet a cikin launin shunayya na kwayoyin gram-positive. Bugu da kari na acetone ko barasa yana shayar da kwayoyin cuta, yana sa shi ya riƙe launi mai launi.
- Kwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta suna da ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan waɗanda suka mallaki kayyadadden kwayoyi masu gujewa acetone / barasa-rashin jin dadi kuma suna haifar da asarar bakin tararre. Wani abu marar lahani, wanda ya kunshi fuchsin, ya rufe wadannan kwayoyin ja ko ruwan hoda.
Jarabawar ta shafi neman kwayoyin akan zane-zane a ƙarƙashin microscope. Ana iya ganin kwayoyin cutar a ƙarƙashin wani microscope idan an samu. Wadannan kwayoyin za a iya tattarawa a cikin samfurori - irin su daga fitsari, sputa, da jini. Ana amfani da waɗannan samfurori don gano idan kwayoyin suna cikin wani sashi na jiki. Kwayoyin cututtuka suna sau da yawa an gano su zuwa wani ɓangare na jiki - irin su mafitsara, da huhu, ko ma kashi, gallbladder, fata.
Wasu cututtuka sun fi girma kuma suna yada cikin jini.
Wadannan kwayoyin da ke da launin shunayya suna da kyau; Wadanda suke da tsattsauran launin ruwan kasa suna da mummunar ƙira. Yana da hanya mai sauƙi na sanin muhimman bayanai. Ya gaya mana wane nau'i na kariya mai kariya wanda kwayoyin ke da shi. Wannan yana taimaka wa likitoci su yanke shawarar abin da kwayoyin maganin rigakafin amfani da su kuma abin da kwayoyin cuta ke da laifi ga kamuwa da cuta - kamar yadda wasu kwayoyin suna sa ran su nuna bambanci fiye da sauran.
Wasu kwayoyin sune tabbatacce, kamar Staph Aureus (ciki har da MRSA ) da kwayoyin Strep . Wasu kwayoyin cutar kwayoyin cutar ne - kamar Salmonella , Shigella , da kuma sauran kwayoyin cuta . (Kwayoyin halitta) kwayoyin cutar da ke haifar da gonorrhea da mummunan kwayar cutar kwayar cutar, Meninogococcus, ƙananan kwayoyi ne. Wasu kwayoyin ba su da yanayin halin gram, amma yana da amfani ga yawan kwayoyin iri iri.
Irin nau'in cututtuka na iya haifar da cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta ko ƙwayar cuta mai kyau, amma ƙila za a iya haifar da wani nau'i ko ɗaya. Za'a iya haifar da ciwon huhu ta hanyar ko dai, amma mutane da yawa suna shan wahala daga cututtuka na kwayoyin cuta da kwayoyin cutar Strep suke haifarwa. Magungunan ƙwayoyin Urinary sukan haifar da cututtuka. Akwai wasu nau'o'in cututtuka da yawa waɗanda zasu iya kasancewa mai kyau ko giram.
Sanin cewa irin kwayoyin da ba a san su ba ne ko mawuyacin hali ba zasu taimaka wajen gane kwayoyin ba. Doctors sau da yawa su gane abin da cututtuka da mai haƙuri ya. Sau da yawa sukan yi maganin matsalolin, kamar yadda muke faɗa, ba tare da sanin ainihin abin da ke haifar da kamuwa da cutar ba kuma abin da kwayoyin cutar ke da kyau. Sanin halin da ba shi da tsabta.
Kwayoyin daban daban sun amsa maganin maganin rigakafi.
Gram na kwayoyin cutar kirki da kwayoyin cutar musamman sun amsa daban-daban ga maganin maganin rigakafi. Sanin ko kwayoyin kwayoyin cuta ne ko kuma kwayar cutar za su iya taimakawa wajen yanke shawarar abin da kwayoyin rigakafin zai yi aiki.
Za a iya yin amfani da Gram a cikin dakunan gwaje-gwaje ba tare da yawan albarkatu ba. Yana buƙatar kawai abu mai kwakwalwa, zane-zane, stains, da kuma wanda ya san yadda za a yi muni.