Kuskuren Gudanar da Ƙwararrawa Yana Kashe Goals na E-Era
Daga cikin kasashe takwas na kasashen Turai da manyan kasashen da suka sami kudaden shiga, sun hada da nazari game da tsarin cutar kanjamau, Amurka ta zo kusa da karshe don tabbatar da wasu manufofi na gwajin gwaji , kulawa, da kuma kulawa da HIV . Kamar yadda aka ruwaito a taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a shekarar 2014 akan Drug Far a cikin HIV kamuwa da cuta a Glasgow, kawai Jojiya-wani karamin gari mai zaman kanta a Turai ta Yamma da kashi 34 cikin dari na yawan mutanen da ke ƙarƙashin talaucin talauci-sun fi muni.
Bisa ga binciken, kashi 25 cikin 100 na jama'ar Amirka da ke dauke da kwayar cutar kanjamau (ART) suna iya cimmawa da kuma tabbatar da ma'aunin abin da ke dauke da asali na nauyin hoto (wanda aka bayyana a ƙarƙashin 50 kofi / mL). Bugu da ƙari, daga cikin kashi 66 cikin dari na haɗin kai da ke da alaka da kulawa, kawai kashi 33 ne kawai ke kan ART duk da umarnin kasa da ke neman magani kan ganewar asali .
Binciken da aka yi na maganin cutar kanjamau ya tantance yawancin mutanen da aka gwada su na HIV a kowace ƙasa, amma yawancin da aka danganta su da kulawa, ana ba da magani kuma suna iya samun cikakkiyar maye gurbin hoto . Zaɓin kasashe takwas sun dogara ne akan ingancin bayanai mai samuwa daga shekara ta 2010 zuwa 2012, an samo daga haɗuwa da rahotanni na HIV, cibiyar UNAIDS , rubutun da aka bincika da wasu, da kuma sauran matakai.
Kwayar cutar kanjamau ta shiga cikin kasashe takwas na Turai da kasashe masu tasowa
| Ƙasar | Mutane da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV (is.) | Kwayar cutar HIV (%) | An bincikar da cutar HIV (%) | An haɗa shi don kulawa (%) | A kan ART (%) | Undetectable maganin hoto na bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri (%) |
| Australia | 33,000 | 0.2 | 75 | - | 35 | 32 |
| British Columbia | 11,700 | - | 71 | 67 | 51 | 35 |
| Denmark | 6,500 | 0.2 | 85 | 81 | 62 | 59 |
| Faransa | 149,900 | 0.4 | 81 | > 74 | > 60 | 52 |
| Georgia | 4,900 | 0.2 | 52 | 44 | 26 | 20 |
| Netherlands | 25,000 | 0.2 | - | 73 | 59 | 53 |
| Ƙasar Ingila | 98,400 | 0.3 | - | 79 | 67 | 58 |
| Amurka | 1,148,200 | 0.6 | 82 | 66 | 33 | 25 |
Mafi mahimmanci a cikin dalilai na rashin talauci na Amurka shi ne babban nauyin cutar HIV -gaskiya, mafi girma a cikin kasashe takwas, tare da mutane 15.3 da ke kamu da 100,000 (ko kimanin 50,000 na cutar HIV a kowace shekara). Ta hanyar kwatantawa, yawancin abin da ke faruwa a tsakani na ƙasa bai kai rabin rabi ba, ko kusan 6.3 cututtuka da 100,000.
Daga cikin kasashe takwas da aka haɗa a cikin wannan bita, yawanci sun nuna yawan kwayar cutar kwayar cutar kwayar cutar ta HIV tsakanin kashi 71 da kashi 85 cikin dari (banda Georgia, kadai ƙasa mai karfin samun kudin shiga). Yayinda yawan da ke da alaƙa da kulawa a cikin kasashe masu karfin kudi sun kasance daidai (daidai da Amurka da British Columbia suna fadowa a kasa da kashi 70 cikin 100), an gani mafi yawan rashin daidaito da zarar ana ba da kyautar ART, tare da Amurka da Australia sun bayar da rahoton cewa kawai kashi 33 cikin dari kuma kashi 35 cikin dari na yawan mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar ta HIV, sun kasance a kan maganin.
(Abin da binciken bai nuna ba ne cewa Amurka kuma tana da mummunan rikodi don kiyaye marasa lafiya a cikin kulawa, rasa kusan rabin don biyo bayan bayanan farko.)
Da zarar a kan ART, lambobi sun kara tsanantawa ga Amurka, tare da kawai ɗaya daga cikin huɗu na iya samun cikakken maye gurbin hoto. A gaskiya, a matsayin cikakke, kasashe na Turai sun nuna yawancin kwayar cutar HIV fiye da na Arewacin Amirka da Australia (kashi 48 cikin 100 zuwa kashi 27 cikin 100).
Bayyana Abubuwan Nuna
Duk da yake babu wani bayani game da wadannan siffofi, yawanci sun yarda cewa rashin daidaituwa a samun damar yin amfani da cutar HIV yana ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin ɓarna.
A cikin Jojiya, misali-mafi mũnin wasan kwaikwayo a jerin-an kiyasta kashi 30 cikin 100 na yawan jama'a suna kauce wa aikin likita saboda sakamakon ƙananan kayan aiki, musamman ma yawancin kwayoyi masu magani .
A halin yanzu, an yi watsi da dokar da za a kafa inshora na asibiti a cikin shekarun 1990s don tallafawa asibiti na asibiti, yayin da kashi 80 cikin 100 na asibitoci na asibiti sun sayar da su ga kamfanoni a matsayin ɓangare na tsarin kiwon lafiyar gwamnati da zamantakewar al'umma.
Hakazalika a Amurka, kafin aiwatar da Dokar Kulawa ta Kula (ACA) a shekarar 2014, samun damar kulawa da jama'ar Amurka da HIV dauke da talauci, tare da kashi 17 cikin dari na iya samun damar inshora na asibiti mai zaman kansa kashi 54 bisa dari na yawan jama'a . Kuma, har zuwa ƙarshen shekarar 2013, bayanan da shirin na tallafi na Drug Assistance (ADAP) ya yi na dadewa cewa wasu marasa lafiya sun jira har tsawon shekaru biyar don samun damar tallafin kuɗi na miyagun ƙwayoyi.
Bugu da} arin inganta tasirin {asar Amirka, rashin rashin amincewa ne game da shirin HIV, tare da yunkurin da Gwamnatin Clinton ta yi, ta daina ha] a da wani lokaci don saduwa da wasu manufofi ko kuma cikakkun bayanai game da wa] annan ofisoshin da ke da alhakin dukan wa] annan manufofin.
Sakamakon rarraba yawan yanki na kamuwa da kwayar cutar HIV - da kuma yanayin da ake samu na maganin Medicaid - kara tsananta kokarin da Amurka ke yi, da barin yawancin hukumomin kiwon lafiya na jama'a ba tare da babban daidaituwa ba wanda zai iya hadin kai a cikin kasa.
Obama Era Ya Nema Dimmed by Trump Administration
Yayin da yake kokarin kara karfafa amsawar tarayya ga annoba, gwamnatin Obama ta sake inganta tsarin kasa na HIV / AIDs na Amurka (NHAS). A karkashin NHAS, gwamnatin tarayya na nufin cimma burin manyan manufofi hudu na 2020:
- Ƙara yawan mutanen da ke zaune tare da kwayar cutar HIV wadanda suka san siginar su zuwa akalla kashi 90.
- Rage yawan sababbin bincikar cutar ta hanyar akalla 25 bisa dari.
- Rage yawan yawan yara matasa da maza da suka kamu da kwayar cutar kanjamau ta akalla kashi 10 cikin 100.
- Ƙara yawan adadin wadanda suka kamu da kwayar cutar HIV a cikin wata daya da suka kamu da kwayar cutar HIV a akalla kashi 85 cikin dari.
- Ƙara yawan mutanen da suka kamu da kwayar cutar HIV wanda aka tsare su a cikin likitoci na musamman na HIV a akalla 90 bisa dari.
Ƙara yawan mutanen da suka kamu da kwayar cutar HIV wanda aka tsare su a cikin likitoci na musamman na HIV a akalla 90 bisa dari.
Ƙara yawan mutanen da suka kamu da kwayar cutar HIV, wadanda aka kashe su zuwa kashi 80 cikin dari.
Yayin da aka kiyasta cewa kudin NHAS zai kasance a cikin kimanin dala biliyan 15 a kan shekaru biyar, wasu sun nuna cewa kudade ga tsarin kiwon lafiyar Amurka - dukansu game da kawar da cututtuka da mutuwa-zai iya zama kamar yadda ya kamata kamar Naira biliyan 18.
Ƙila yiwuwar aiwatar da wannan tsarin zuba jari a ƙarƙashin Gidan Hoto ya bayyana bayanan da aka ba GOP na mayar da hanyoyi da yawa na ACA kuma ya sake aiwatar da shirye-shiryen Medicaid da nufin samar da lafiyar marasa lafiya, al'ummomin da ke fama da talauci.
A watan Oktoba 2017, shugaban kasar ya ci gaba da takaita kararrakin gwagwarmayar cutar ta HIV ta hanyar sanya hannu kan tsari mai kyau wanda ya bawa damar masu aiki su ki amincewa da kulawar haihuwa kamar yadda ACA ta buƙaci. Dokar ta dogara ne akan tabbacin cewa dole ne a yarda da ma'aikata su musanta kulawar haihuwa, ba bisa dalilai na tattalin arziki ba, amma bisa ka'idojin addini ko "dabi'a".
Yana da alaka da kokarin da Jam'iyyar Republican ta yi a ƙarshen shekarun 1990 don musun kudade ga masu tallafin cutar HIV ta Afirka wanda ke inganta kowane tsari na iyali, ciki har da kulawar haihuwa ko zubar da ciki. Ya kasance (kuma ya kasance) ginshiƙan wani tushe marar tushe wanda aka ƙaddara akai-akai da aka ƙaddara a kan GOP da ke ƙara yawan yawan kwayoyin cutar HIV da sauran cututtukan da aka yi da jima'i.
An tabbatar da bayyanar da ƙaho na ƙararrawa ta hanyar gaskiyar cewa an kawar da makasudin NHAS daga shafin yanar gizon ta yanar gizo ta HIV.gov.
Ya kasance mai mahimmanci abin da, idan wani abu ya yi, to sai ƙararrakin ta yi don magance ko ma ya amince da halin da ake ciki yanzu a cikin 'yan Afirka ta Afrika da kuma gay. A cikin bita na Cibiyar Lafiya ta Duniya ta HIV / AIDs, Amurka ta zo ne a karshe ta ƙarshe ba tare da kawai mafi yawan cutar HIV ba daga dukan kasashe masu tasowa a Arewacin Amirka da na Turai amma har da na biyu mafi girma daga cutar HIV ta hanyar Latvia kawai Kashi 0.7.
> Sources:
> Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka (CDC). "CDC Fact Sheet | HIV a Amurka: Sashen Kulawa." Atlanta, Jojiya; aka buga Yuli 2012.
> Raymond, A; Hill, A. da kuma Pozniak, A. "Babban bambancin da ke tsakanin maganin cutar HIV da ke tsakanin kasashen Turai takwas da manyan kasashe masu tasowa - nazarin abubuwan da suka faru . Majalissar Duniya a kan Drug Far a cikin HIV Kamuwa da cuta; Glasgow, Scotland; Nuwamba 2-6, 2014; m O237.
> Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO). "Yaduwar cutar HIV tsakanin tsofaffi 15 zuwa 49 - Bayanai da kasa." Geneva, Switzerland; sabunta Nuwamba 6, 2014.
> Yahia, B. da kuma Frank, I. "Batutuwa da cutar Kanjamau a Amirka: Bincike na Tsarin Sashin HIV / AIDs." Jaridar Amirka ta Lafiya ta Jama'a. Satumba 2011; 101 (9): e4-e8.