Sickle cell cell (SCD) wani nau'i ne na ainihi wanda aka gaji a inda yaduwar kwayoyin jini ta canza daga tsarin al'ada (kama da wani donut) a cikin siffar dogon lokaci kamar sickle ko banana. Wadannan kwayoyin jini masu launin jini suna da wahalar da ke gudana ta hanyar jini kuma zasu iya yin makale. Jikin jikin ya gane wadannan kwayoyin jini kamar yaduwa kuma ya halakar da su sauri fiye da yadda ya saba haifar da anemia.
Yaya Yaya Mai Samun SCD?
Ciwon sikila ne ya gaji, saboda haka an haifi mutum tare da shi. Don mutum ya gaji SCD, duka iyaye dole ne suna da sutura. A cikin sababbin siffofin SCD, iyaye ɗaya suna da ƙwayar cuta kuma ɗayan iyaye yana da alamar hawan haemoglobin C ko beta thalassemia trait. Lokacin da iyaye biyu suna da nau'in sutura (ko wani nau'i), suna da 1 cikin 4 na samun yarinya da SCD. Wannan hadarin yakan faru a kowace ciki.
Irin Sickle Cell Cell
Mafi yawan cututtukan cututtukan ciwon sikila ana kiranta homoglobin SS. Sauran manyan nau'ikan su ne: hemoglobin SC, sickle beta zero thalassemia, da kuma sickle beta tare da thalassemia. Hemoglobin SS da sickle beta zero thalassemia sune cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan ciwon sikila kuma wasu lokuta ana kiransa da cutar anadia. Ana dauke da cutar cututtukan Hemoglobin SC a matsayin matsakaici kuma a gaba ɗaya, sickle beta tare da lalatarmia shine mummunan yanayin ciwon sikila.
Ta Yaya Mutane Aka Bincike Da Ciwo na Sickle-Cell?
A Amurka, ana jarraba dukan jariri jarrabawar SCD ba da jimawa ba bayan haihuwar su a matsayin ɓangare na shirin gwajin yara . Idan sakamakon ya kasance tabbatacce ga SCD, an sanar da dan jariri na dan jarida ko cibiyar ciwon sikila na gida game da sakamakon haka ana iya ganin mai haƙuri a asibitin sikila.
A ƙasashe da ba su yi jarrabawar jariri ba, mutane sukan kamu da cutar SCD a matsayin yara lokacin da suka fara samun alamun bayyanar.
Kwayar cutar SCD
Saboda ciwon sikila (SCD) wani ɓarna ne daga cikin jinin jinin jiki duka za'a iya shafar jikin.
Pain: Lokacin da jini ya kamu da jini a cikin jini, jini ba zai iya gudana zuwa wani yanki na kashi ba. Wannan yana haifar da rashin isashshen oxygen zuwa wannan yanki da zafi.
Kwayoyin cututtuka : Domin jigilar kwayoyin halitta (kwayoyin halitta a cikin tsarin rigakafin) ba ya aiki yadda ya dace, mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan ciwon sikila suna da haɗari ga ƙananan cututtuka na kwayan cuta. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa yara masu ɗauke da sikila suna ɗauke da penicillin sau biyu a kowace rana.
Tashin daji : Idan aka samu jini a cikin kwakwalwan jini a cikin kwakwalwa, wani ɓangaren kwakwalwa baya samun oxygen wanda zai haifar da bugun jini. Wannan na iya zama a matsayin fatar fuska, rauni na makamai ko kafafu, ko wahala tare da magana. Rashin ciwo zai iya faruwa a yara masu fama da ciwon sikila kuma suna kama da manya da bugun jini, wannan gaggawa ne na gaggawa.
Rashin (ko gajiya): Saboda mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan ƙwayar cuta ba su da haushi, suna iya samun rage yawan makamashi ko gajiya.
Gallstones : A lokacin da raunin jini na jini (wanda ake kira hemolysis) a cikin cututtukan sikila, sun saki bilirubin. Wannan na gina bilirubin zai iya haifar da ci gaban gallstones.
Priapism : Idan ƙwayoyin cututtuka sun kama su a cikin azzakari, wannan zai haifar da mummunan raɗaɗi wanda ba'a so da ake kira priapism.
Jiyya na SCD
Penicillin : Sau biyu a rana, penicillin ya fara jimawa bayan ganewar asali (yawanci a gaban watanni 2). Shan penicillin sau biyu a kowace rana har zuwa shekara ta 5 an tabbatar da shi don rage haɗari na cututtuka na kwayan cuta.
Rigakaran rigakafi : Gurar rigakafi na iya rage hadarin mummunan cututtuka na kwayan cuta.
Hanyoyin jini : Zubar da jini za a iya amfani dasu don magance matsalolin ƙwayar cututtukan cututtukan ciwon sikila kamar ciwon anemia mai tsanani ko ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta. Har ila yau, marasa lafiya da ciwon sikila wadanda suka kamu da bugun jini ko kuma suna da mummunan haɗari ga fashewa sun sami karuwar jini a kowane wata don tsara matsalolin matsaloli.
Hydroxyurea : Hydroxyurea shine kawai FDA ya yarda da magani don bi da cututtukan ciwon sikila. An tabbatar da hydroxyurea don rage anemia da rikitarwa na cututtukan cututtukan sickle-cell kamar ciwo da kuma ciwon kirji.
Sassa mai laushi mai lalacewa : Gwangwadon karar fata shine kawai maganin cututtukan cututtuka. Samun mafi kyau ga wannan magani ya zo ne lokacin da yarinyar da aka dace ta iya bada kyauta kwayoyin.