Mastocytosis yana da baki. Sauran cewa kai ko ƙaunatacciyarka yana da yanayin likita wanda ba ka ji ba zai iya tsorata. Mastocytosis kuma ana iya kiran su cutar mast cell. Kwayoyin mast sune nau'i na ɓangaren jini na ɓangaren jikinka na rigakafi. Suna da alaƙa da basophil kuma suna cikin allergies da anaphylaxis (rashin lafiya mai tsanani).
Mafi mahimmanci, ƙwayoyin mastuna suna jawo hankalin sauran kwayoyin jikinsu zuwa yankunan nama idan an buƙata ta hanyar sakewa sunadarai. Lokacin da yawan kwayoyin mastuna zasu taru cikin kyallen takarda, an kira shi mastocytosis. Lokacin da kwayoyin mastuna sun tattara a fata kawai ana kiran su mastocytosis cututtuka. Lokacin da yake faruwa a cikin kwayoyin halitta an kira shi tsarin mastocytosis. Mastocytosis na al'ada an dauke su neoplasiferative neoplasm .
Risks, Alamomi, da Dabbobi na Mastocytosis
Saboda mastocytosis irin wannan cuta ne mai wuya wanda ba a san yadda yawancin mutane suke da shi ba. Maza da mata suna da alaka da hakan. A cikin yara, mafi yawancin lokuta suna da rauni lokacin da mastocytosis masu kulawa da manya yafi kowa.
Saboda mastocytosis zai iya faruwa a jikin kwayoyin halitta, alamun nunawa zai iya bambanta ƙwarai. Mafi yawan bayyanar cututtuka suna faruwa a lokacin da kwayoyin mast sun saki histamine da sauran sunadarai.
Sakamakon binciken fata shine mafi yawan su kuma sun hada da:
- Rash: Akwai nau'i da dama a cikin mastocytosis. Wasu lokuta yana iya zama yankuna masu tan / launin fata da suke kama da freckles. Wasu lokuta yana kama da ja aibobi a fata.
- Itching (pruritus): Raguwa zai iya zama musamman a lokacin da yake fushi (rubbed / scratched) ko kuma lokacin da aka nuna ta saurin canji (kamar ruwan zafi a cikin ruwa). Wannan ake kira alamar Darier.
- Flushing (ja, dumi fata)
- Blisters
Wasu bayyanar cututtuka suna nuna sashin kwayar halitta tare da wuraren sashin ƙwayar salula. Magungunan cututtuka na yau da kullum sune na kowa kuma sun hada da ciwo na ciki, nausa, vomiting, da kuma zawo. Hanyar da tsokoki da kasusuwa zasu iya kasancewa tare da ciwo ko osteopenia / osteoporosis (ƙananan kashi kashi). Maganin rashin tausayi da kuma halayen anaphylactic zai iya faruwa tare da karfin jini (hypotension), syncope (raguwa), gajiya (gajiya), rashin ƙarfi, numfasawa ko kumburi da idanu, lebe, harshe, ko wuya. Ba duk marasa lafiya suna da waɗannan bayyanar cututtuka ba.
Menene Zamu iya Faɗar Dama akan Mastocytosis?
Mutane da mastocytosis basu da alamun bayyanar lokaci duk lokacin. Wasu lokuta ana nuna alamar cututtuka ta wasu abubuwa.
- Magunguna: maganin magunguna (morphine, codeine), magungunan anti-inflammatory masu cututtukan steroidal (NSAIDs, kamar ibuprofen), vancomycin (kwayoyin halitta) ko masu hutawa muscle
- Aiki
- Cunkushe fata, musamman rash da alaka da mastocytosis
- Ƙananan zazzabi canje-canje
- Abincin daji
- Barasa
- Cutar
- Tiyata
- Bites da stings daga ƙudan zuma, wasps, jackets jackets, hornets, tururuwa, jellyfish ko macizai
- Juriyar motsin rai
Fahimtarwar Mastocytosis
Masanin ilimin mastocytosis an fi mayar da hankali kan biopsies na yankin da ya shafi (fata, kasusuwa na kasusuwan, gastrointestinal tract, da sauransu).
Saboda bayyanar cututtuka na iya bambanta ƙwarai da gaske samun ganewar asali zai iya zama kalubale.
Kungiyar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ta wallafa sharudda game da ganewar mastocytosis wanda aka duba a kasa.
Mastocytosis cutattun cututtuka da cututtuka na fata suna daidai da mastocytosis na cututtukan kuma babu wasu siffofin da suka dace da mastocytosis.
Mastocytosis na Tsarin Tsari: Dole ne ya zama babban mahimmanci da karamin karami ko kuma akalla ƙananan ƙarami.
- Babban mahimmanci: A kan biopsy (ko dai daga kasusuwa ko ɓangaren kwayar cutar) dole ne a sami sassa daban-daban na ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar mast (wanda aka kwatanta da ≥15 Mast cells).
- Ƙananan ma'anar:
- A kan biopsy (ko dai kasusuwan kasusuwa ko kwayar cutar da aka shafi): Fiye da kashi 25 cikin dari na kwayoyin mast a cikin infiltrate suna da mahimmanci (ba su kama da kwayoyin mast na al'ada ba)
- Gano wani maye gurbin kwayoyin da ke hade da mastocytosis a cikin jini, kofin kasusuwa ko sauran nama ( KIT gene).
- Kwayoyin mast in biopsy suna nuna wasu alamomi (CD2 da / ko CD25) wanda kullun mast na al'ada ba.
- Tryptase (wani enzyme wanda ya rushe sunadaran da aka samo a cikin kwayoyin mast) wanda ya fi 20 ng / ml. Wadannan matakan suna da yawa a cikin ƙwayar cutar sankarar sankara ta mast, wani nau'i na mast cell.
Jiyya
Hakazalika da sauran yanayi masu kama da juna, tsananin cutar yana ƙayyade magani da ake bukata. Hanyar maganin mahimmanci sune kama da mastocytosis masu cututtuka.
- Ka guje wa abubuwan da aka gano a sama.
- Ana shirya anaphylaxis (rashin lafiya mai tsanani). Wannan ya hada da ciwon ciwon epinephrine samuwa a gida domin magani na gaggawa idan an buƙata.
- Amsawa na rigakafi idan aka san abin da ya faru. Wannan zai hada da sanannun kwayoyi da anti-histamines (ranitidine, diphenhydramine) kafin faɗakarwa bayyanar kamar maganin alurar rigakafi da tiyata.
- Immunotherapy : Immunotherapy, Har ila yau, an sani da labaran ƙwayar cuta don kwari kwari irin su ƙudan zuma, wasps, da tururuwa.
- Antihistamines: Saboda bayyanar cututtuka suna da alaka da histamine saki daga kwayoyin mast, ba abin mamaki bane cewa likitanku zai iya tsara magunguna da ake kira antihistamines. Wadannan zasu hada da magungunan da ake amfani dasu don magance matsalolin ko dai sauransu irin su cetirizine da hydroxyzine. Wasu magunguna sun hada da ranitidine da cimetidine, waɗanda aka fi amfani dasu don magance gastroesophageal reflux.
- Cromolyn: Cromolyn wata magani ce da ake amfani da shi don magance cututtuka na gastrointestinal kamar ciwon ciki da zafin jiki wanda ya haifar da sakin histamine. Wani lokaci magungunan na iya karawa cikin maganin maganin shafawa.
- Antileukotriene magunguna: Antileukotriene magunguna kamar montelukast da zileuton za a iya amfani dasu idan bayyanar cututtuka ba a sarrafa su tare da antihistamines.
- Aspirin: Ana iya amfani da Aspirin don magance flushing na fata.
- Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKI): KIT gene shafi lambobin don gina jiki da ake kira tyrosine kinase. Sakamakon da ake samu a mastocytosis yana kara ƙwayar mast cell a cikin kyallen takarda. Magunguna da ake kira masu maganin tyrosine kinase zasu iya taimaka. Mafi yawan karatun Yoga, imatinib, ba tasiri a mastocytosis. Wani Hoton, Midostaurin, ana nazarin yanzu a mastocytosis.
- Chemotherapy: Ƙarin dabi'un mastocytosis na iya buƙatar magani da chemotherapy kamar hydroxyurea da cladribine.
Mastocytosis zai iya zama ƙalubalen ƙwayar fahimtar. Kuna iya buƙatar likitoci na musamman don isa ganewar asali kuma inganta lafiyarka.
> Sources:
> Castells MC da Akin C. Mastocytosis (cututtuka da kuma tsarin jiki): Tsarin cututtuka, cututtuka, da bayyanuwar asibiti, Mastocytosis (cutaneous da tsarin jiki): Bayarwa da ganewar asali ga tsofaffi, Mastocytosis mai cutarwa: Jiyya da ƙwarewa, da kuma Masocytosis na Tsarin Kwayoyi: Jiyya da ƙwarewa. A: UpToDate, Post TW (Ed), UpToDate, Waltham, MA.