Hanyar Hanyar Rage Rashin Cutar
Daidaitaccen takalmin Carotid wani aiki ne wanda aka cire takarda daga cajin carotid. Plaques sune wuraren da ake ginawa a cikin jini. A cikin maganin carotid, plaque zai iya ƙullufa buɗewa, rage jini zuwa kwakwalwa tare da kara haɗarin ƙurar rigakafin kwashe gilashi da tafiya ta wurin tasoshin motsa jiki don haifar da bugun jini.
Wannan ƙuntatawa na jirgin ruwan jini ana kiransa stenosis .
Kullum
Magungunan likitocin suna yin carotid endarterectomy na dogon lokaci, kuma suna yin su a lokuta masu yawa a cikin manyan cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya. Na farko CEA ne aka yi a 1953 by Dr. DeBakey a Houston, Texas. A halin yanzu, sama da 100,000 carotid kuskuren ana yin kowace shekara a Amurka.
Hanyar
A lokacin adadin maganin carotid, wani likita mai ƙyalƙiri ya buɗe murfin carotid kuma ya kawar da takarda da aka kafa a cikin ciki na ciki, wanda aka sani da endothelium.
Mataki na farko shi ne tabbatar da lafiyayyar ta hanyar yin amfani da maganin rigakafi ko na gida. Wasu marasa lafiya suna son maganin cutar ta gida saboda haka suna iya farka da sanar da likita idan sun ji wani abu da basu kamata ba. Wannan hanya kuma ta ba da damar likita don gwada yanayin yanayin marasa lafiya ta hanyar tambayarka su yi abubuwa kamar suyi hannunsu. Wasu suna son barci ta hanyar hanya.
A wannan yanayin, saka idanu na lantarki tare da fasaha kamar electroencephalography (EEG) za'a iya amfani dashi don tabbatar da ci gaba da aikin kwakwalwa. Babu shaidar da ta nuna bambanci a sakamakon tsakanin amfani da ƙwayar gida ko kuma general a cikin takaddama na carotid.
Bayan an yi amfani da cutar shan magani, likitan likita zai ɗauka da maganin da zai hana shi daga zub da jini a yayin lokacin.
Yayin da aka kintar da maganin, kwakwalwa zai dogara ne akan maganin carotid a gefe guda don samar da jini. An sanya karkatarwa a cikin ɗigon kafa, sannan kuma an cire lakabin nama wanda ke dauke da alamar. Da zarar an cire plaque, sai likita mai fyauce ya ɗora ɗakin baya tare, kuma an cire katsi.
'Yan takara
Haɗarin ciwon bugun jini shine kimanin 1 zuwa 2 bisa dari a shekara don mutane da carotid stenosis. Cibiyar Nazarin Kiwon Lafiyar Harkokin Kiwon Lafiya ta Duniya ta bada shawara ga marasa lafiya da matsanancin matsananciyar cutar da suka kamu da cutar ta hanyar bugun jini ko kuma mummunan harin da aka samu a cikin makonni biyu.
Gwaje-gwajen ƙananan gwaje-gwaje sun nuna cewa idan mai haƙuri yana da ciwon alamun, ana sa ran zai rayu tsawon shekaru biyar ko fiye, kuma yana da likita mai aikin likita wanda ba shi da kashi 3 cikin 100 na matsalolin, mai haƙuri zai amfana daga wani kuskure.
Abubuwan da aka samu ba su da yawa ga mutane ba tare da bayyanar cututtuka ba, amma a lokuta masu tsanani, adadin maganin carotid zai iya zama daidai. Akwai karin muhawara a tsakanin likitoci game da lokacin da za a yi wani abu da ba daidai ba a cikin mutanen da ke fama da rashin lafiya, musamman ma maganin maganin magunguna na waɗannan marasa lafiya ya inganta tare da lokaci.
Contraindications
Kada a yi ƙoƙarin yin kuskuren Carotid idan an hana katakon caro na ciki gaba daya. Ko da yake yana iya zama maras kyau, babu wani amfani da aka sani na buɗe muryar da aka rufe gaba daya, watakila saboda idan an rufe maganin, babu wata hanya don raguwar jini don kwance daga takarda kuma tafiya zuwa kwakwalwa.
Idan har yanzu akwai babban bugun jini a gefen kwakwalwa da ke ba da ƙarfin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, ƙananan amfana idan an yi aikin. Yawancin lalacewar da za a iya aikatawa ya riga ya faru, kuma hanya zai iya ƙara haɗarin jini a cikin yankin da cutar ta shafa.
Idan likita ko likitan likita ya yanke shawara cewa wani yana da matsaloli mai yawa kuma yana iya shan wahala daga tiyata, to, tiyata ba zai ci gaba ba.
Gwaji na farko
Hanya na jini a cikin wuyansa ya kamata a yi don ƙayyade tsananin da kuma wurin da aka yi. Akwai wasu hanyoyi daban-daban don kallon maganin carotid na ciki. Ƙananan duban dan tayi yana amfani da raƙuman sauti don nuna yadda jini yana gudana cikin tasoshin. Hanyoyi na al'ada na al'ada ya haɗa da yaduwar launin bambanci cikin tasoshin jini kuma yana duban yadda yake yada ta cikin tasoshin kan x-ray. Duk da yake ana ganin wannan misali ne na zinariya a fannin nazarin kwayoyin cutar, yana da haɗari, kuma ana iya yin hotuna mai kyau tare da CT angiogram (CTA) ko MR angiogram (MRA). Idan wata hanya ta kallon tasoshin tana haifar da sakamako mai mahimmanci, likita na iya yin umarni fiye da gwaji.
Matsaloli na yiwuwa
CEA za a iya haɗuwa da rikitarwa kamar yadda fashewar mutuwa ko mutuwa saboda hanya, duk da haka, haɗarin yana da ƙananan ƙananan. Kimanin kashi 3 cikin 100 na marasa lafiya ba tare da bayyanar cututtuka ba, kuma kashi 6 cikin 100 na marasa lafiya tare da alamar cutar suna fama da wannan rikitarwa. Wannan wani dalili ne da ya sa yana da mahimmanci a cike da lafiyar jiki don tiyata: A wani hadarin ƙaddara na kashi 1 cikin dari ba tare da tiyata ba, zai iya ɗaukar 'yan shekarun nan don amfani da aikin don ƙetare hadarin. Wancan ya ce, mafi yawan hadarin samun ciwon bugun jini saboda mummunan motsin jijiyar jimawa ba da daɗewa ba bayan da aka samu bugun jini na baya, wanda ya kamata a tilasta yin tiyata a wuri-wuri.
Maganin Hyperperfusion wani abu ne mai hadarin gaske na carotid endarterectomy. Lokacin da ɓangaren kwakwalwa ya hana jinin jini na dogon lokaci, zai iya rasa ikonsa na sarrafa yadda jini zai saukowa ta hanyar waccan jini. Lokacin da jinin ya zubar ba zato ba tsammani ya ƙaru bayan an ƙaddamar da ƙuntatawa, ƙwaƙwalwar kwakwalwa don sarrafa jini zai iya haifar da kumburi da rage aiki, wanda zai iya kwatanta bugun jini .
Ƙananan matsaloli na hanya sun haɗa da lalacewa ga jijiyoyin hypoglossal , wanda ya sa harshe ya kasance, wanda zai iya haifar da rauni a cikin layi. Kuma, kamar yadda aka yi da wani tiyata, akwai hadarin kamuwa da cuta da zub da jini.
Sources:
Kwamitin Kwamitin Cibiyar Nazarin Harkokin Karatu na Carotid Atherosclerosis (ACAS). Endarterectomy don asymptomatic carotid maganin stenosis. Jama. 1995; 273: 1421-1428.
Halliday A, Mansfield A, Marro J, Peto C, Peto R, Potter J, Thomas D. Yin rigakafin cututtuka da cututtuka ta jiki ta hanyar cin nasara a cikin marasa lafiya ba tare da kwanan cututtuka ba. Lancet. 2004; 363: 1491-1502.
Sharon Swain, Claire Turner, Pippa Tyrrell, Anthony Rudd a madadin Kungiyar Harkokin Gudanarwa, Bincike da kuma jagorancin farko na bugun jini mai tsanani da kuma kai hare-hare mai saurin kaiwa: taƙaitaccen jagoran NICE, BMJ 2008; 337: a786, Doi: 10.1136 / bmj.a786 (An buga 24 ga Yuli 2008)