Yarda da Ciwon Kankara DNA Za A Taimakawa Lymphoma Detection
Naman kwayoyin-shan samfurin samfurori mai tsada ga dakin gwaje-gwaje-ana buƙatar da ake bukata don ganewa na farko na lymphoma. Bayani daga jikin kwayar halitta yana bawa damar ilimin likitoci suyi la'akari da siffofin kwayoyin cutar cancer, ko kowane bambancin kwayoyin cutar kanjamau da kwayoyin halitta da kuma sunadarai, da kuma yin amfani da wannan bayanin don inganta magani.
Biopsies don haka ba likitoci muhimmanci bayanai da muhimmanci ga ganewar asali da magani. Kodayake darajar da ba ta iya fahimta ba, biopsies ba tare da hadarin da ƙuntatawa ba.
Bugu da ƙari, mutanen da aka gano da lymphomas ma sun buƙaci cutar su "girma" a wurare daban-daban: da farko, su ga yadda ake yaduwa a yayin da ake yin nazari; daga bisani, don ganin cewa yana jin kunya a cikin maganin farfadowa; kuma da yawa daga baya, a saka idanu, don tabbatar da likitocinku a kan abubuwan da idan cutar ta sake dawowa bayan jinya na farko. Bugu da ƙari, darajan hoton ba shi da mahimmanci, amma hotunan yana da nauyin ɓarna, irin su ɗaukar hotuna. Abin da ya sa aka yi amfani da waɗannan gwaje-gwaje don yin amfani da hankali don haka amfanin ya wuce haɗarin hadarin.
Future: Branching Daga Daga Biopsies da Scans
Yau, hanyar zinare na zinari don tayar da ciwon daji kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama shine hotunan. Musamman, ƙididdigar hoto ( CT ) da kuma Fluggeoxyglucose (FDG) mai kwakwalwa a cikin iska (PET) ana yin amfani da dubawa don daidaitawa da kuma ƙayyade maganin cutar kanjamau ga magani.
Sau da yawa ana haɗa nau'i biyu, kuma an kira shi PET / CT. Yayinda waɗannan gwaje-gwajen hotunan ke da muhimmanci kuma sun inganta kula da marasa lafiya a lymphoma, suna haɗuwa da daukan hotuna, farashi, da wasu lokuta, rashin daidaituwa.
Dukkanin wadannan abubuwa sun taimaka masu bincike wajen gano sababbin hanyoyin da suka fi dacewa, da ƙananan kuɗin da ba su da haɗari don ƙarfafa ciwon daji.
Ɗaya manufa shine gano takamaiman alamu, irin su jerin samfurori, wanda za'a iya aunawa ta hanyar gwajin jini don kiyaye shafuka akan ciwon daji don alal misali ƙila ba za ka yi la'akari kamar yadda akai-akai yayin saka idanu a nan gaba.
Lokacin da ciwon daji ke mutuwa, wasu daga cikin DNA sun ƙare cikin jini. DNA daga cututtukan ciwon daji masu mutuwa ake kira rarraba DNA tumo, ko ctDNA. Masana kimiyya sun ci gaba da gwaje-gwaje don gano wannan DNA. Irin wannan tsarin ne a wani lokacin ana kiransa "biopsy liquid," kuma masu bincike sun nuna yiwuwar samun kulawa da cutar, da kuma tsinkayar da mutum yayi da farfadowa da wuri.
Binciken Jigilar Nazarin DNA
A cikin binciken da aka wallafa, masu bincike a Cibiyar Cancer na Cibiyar Kankara ta bincikar jini daga mutane 126 da DLBCL don kasancewar DNA tumatir. Yada yawan lymphoma mai girma-B-cell, ko DLBCL, shi ne mafi yawan kwayar lymphoma, jinin jini wanda zai fara a wasu sassan kwayoyin rigakafi.
Duk da samun bayyanar irin wannan a karkashin na'urar microscope, sauƙi daban-daban na DLBCL na iya samun nau'o'i daban-daban. A cewar Cibiyar Cancer na Amurka, gaba ɗaya, game da uku daga cikin mutane hudu ba za su sami alamun cutar ba bayan da aka fara maganin su, kuma mutane da yawa suna warke tare da farfadowa.
Ciwon daji ya koma kashi 40 cikin dari na mutane, duk da haka, yana da sau da yawa, musamman lokacin da ya dawo da wuri da kuma / ko lokacin da matakan kwayoyin tumo da jini suke da yawa, a cewar Cibiyar Cancer ta Cancer.
Kowane mutum a cikin binciken yanzu ya karbi magani ga DLBCL bisa ka'idoji 3, tare da kwayoyi irin su etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, da doxorubicin, da aka sani da EPOCH, tare da ko kuma marasa rituximab, a cikin gwaji a tsakanin Mayu 1993 da Disamba 2013.
An yi gwajin jini a gaban kowace magungunan ƙwayar cuta, a ƙarshen magani, kuma a duk lokacin da aka yi nazari.
Mutane sun biyo baya bayan shekaru bayan farfadowa, kuma an yi amfani da Cans a lokaci guda yayin gwajin jini. Mutanen da aka gudanar a wannan binciken sun biyo bayan shekaru 11 bayan jiyya-wato, lambar tsakiya a cikin jerin su ne shekaru 11, amma mutane sun biyo bayan lokaci mafi tsawo da kuma tsawon lokaci.
Gwaran Jirgin Jirgin Jirgin Cutar, Sauyawa
Daga cikin 107 mutanen da suka sami cikakkiyar remission na ciwon daji, waɗanda suka ci gaba da ctDNA mai ganowa a cikin samfurori na jini sun fi sau 200 sau yiwuwa su ci gaba da ci gaba da cutar su fiye da wadanda ba su da ctDNA.
Jirgin jini ya iya hango ko wane ne mutane ba za su amsa maganin ba a farkon lokacin zagaye na biyu na maganin ciwon daji.
Jarabawar jini kuma ya sa ganewar ciwon daji ya sake komawa tsakanin kwatsam na watanni 3.4 kafin akwai shaida ta asibiti na cutar, kafin a gano ta hanyar CT scan.
A halin yanzu, biopsies na ruwa a cikin DLBCL suna bincike ne kuma basu amince da FDA ba ko shawarar da NCCN ta ba da shawarar. Ba'a amfani da bayanin da aka bayar da ruwa mai ruwa ba don jagorantar magani a DLBCL.
Future Directions
Har yanzu akwai tambayoyin da ba a amsa da kalubalen da ke tattare da ajiye shafuka akan cutar ta hanyar amfani da alamun kwayoyin daga gwajin jini, amma ilimin ilimin ya ci gaba da bunkasa.
A game da lymphoma, musamman ma dukan nau'o'in lymphoma ba na Hodgkin , yawancin irin wadannan mummunan hanyoyi na yin kalubale. Ko da lokacin la'akari da wannan mummunan hali, kamar DLBCL, yana yiwuwa wani alamar alama bazai yi aiki sosai a duk lokuta ba.
Amma, ƙarshe, bege shine wasu daga cikin haɗari, buƙatura, da kuma kwarewa da marasa lafiya na yau da kullum za a iya kaucewa kuma an maye gurbinsu ta gwaje-gwaje da ke gano waɗannan alamomi kuma auna matakan su cikin jiki.
> Sources:
> Cibiyar Ciwon Ƙwayar Yammacin Amirka. B-cell lymphomas. Yada babban babban lymphoma B-cell.
> Melani C, Roschewski M. Kula da kwayoyin halitta na kwayoyin halitta ba tare da yaduwar kwayoyin halitta a cikin lymphoma ba Hodgkin. Oncology (Williston Park). 2016; 30 (8). Koma: 218406.
> NIH. Yada kwayar cutar DNA a cikin jini zai iya hango hasashen sake dawowa daga lymphoma mafi yawancin.