Ƙungiyar Ƙididdigar Ƙididdiga ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta Tsakiya ga Ƙungiyar Yammacin Ƙungiyar AIDS
Asusun Duniya don yaki da cutar kanjamau, tarin fuka da kuma ciwon daji (wanda aka fi sani da "Asusun Duniya", ko kuma "Asusun" ne) na hukumar kiwon lafiya na duniya wanda ke janye da kuma rarraba albarkatu don hana cutar HIV , tarin fuka, da malaria a ƙasa - ƙasashe masu tsaka-tsaki.
Tarihi na Asusun Duniya
Bisa ga Geneva, An kafa Asusun Duniya a shekara ta 2002 bayan kusan shekaru biyu na manufofi da tattaunawar tattaunawa tsakanin manyan masu ruwa da tsaki - ciki har da hukumomin da suka hada da kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu (kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu), kasashe G8, da sauran kasashe G8.
Sakataren Majalisar Dinkin Duniya Kofi Annan ya ba da kyauta ta farko ga Asusun a shekarar 2001, sannan kuma kwamitin Olympic wanda ya dace da taimakon Annan na $ 100,000. Ba da da ewa ba, asusun Bill & Melinda Gates ya kasance babban kujeru a cikin adadin dalar Amurka miliyan 100, yayin da Amurka, Japan da Birtaniya suka yi alkawarin dala miliyan 200 a farkon kuɗin kudade.
Yayinda kawai aka ba da alkawarin dala biliyan 1.9 a lokacin da aka kaddamar da Asusun - ban da nauyin $ 7 zuwa dala miliyan 10 da Annan ya haɓaka daga manyan ƙasashe masu tasowa ya haifar da goyon baya sosai. Ya zuwa shekarar 2013, an sami karin dala biliyan 28, tare da Amurka ke ba da dala biliyan 8.5.
Daga cikin masu ba da gudummawar kamfanoni, Gates Foundation, (PRODUCT) RAYUWA da Chevron sun kasance a cikin mafi yawan masu bayar da gudummawa, tare da alkawurra zuwa 2015 da yawansu ya kai dala biliyan 1.25, dala miliyan 219 da $ 55.
Sakamakon na hudu na Asusun Duniya na 2014-2016 ya karu da adadin dala biliyan 12.5 - yawan karuwar 30% a 2011-2013, amma bai kai dala biliyan 15 ba (ko kuma dala biliyan 27 da aka buƙata Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a kowace shekara don yaki da cutar Kanada kawai).
Ta yaya Asusun Duniya yake aiki
Asusun Duniya na aiki ne a matsayin tsarin kuɗi maimakon a matsayin hukumar aiwatarwa (da bambanci da PEPFAR, wanda ya hade da aiwatar da ayyukan HIV / AIDs ta al'ada ta hanyar tashoshin US).
Gidauniyar Duniya ta kunshi masu bada gudummawa da kasashe masu karba, da kuma kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da kungiyoyi-suna da alhakin kafa tsarin manufofi, rarraba hanyoyi, da kuma kafa dukkan ma'auni da kudade.
Ana aiwatar da shirye-shiryen a cikin kowace ƙasa mai karɓa ta hanyar kwamiti na masu ruwa da tsaki na duniya waɗanda suka ƙunshi abin da ake kira Coordinating Mechanism (CCM). Sakatariyar Harkokin Asusun Duniya na da alhakin bayar da izinin kyauta da kuma biyawa ga CCM, da kuma kulawa da kimantawa na ingantaccen shirin.
Ana ba da gudummawar bashi gaba ɗaya kuma an ba shi mai karɓar mai karɓa (PR) wanda CCM ya tsara. Ma'aikatan Gidajen Yanki (LFAs) sune yanki ne masu kula da su don dubawa da kuma bayar da rahoto game da bayar da kyautar.
Dangane da waɗannan matakan, Sakatariya na iya yanke shawara ko yada, sake dubawa, riƙe ko dakatar da kudade ga CCM. Ana ba da tallafi ga wani lokaci na farko na shekaru biyu kuma sabuntawa uku, tare da kudaden da aka watsar kowace watanni 3-6.
Ayyuka da Kalubale
Asusun Duniya na tallafawa shirye-shirye a cikin kasashe fiye da 140, kuma, tare da PEPFAR, na ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƙasashen duniya na maganin rigakafin cutar HIV da ayyukan kulawa a duniya.
Daga cikin nasarorin da aka samu, an ba da Asusun ne ta hanyar sanya mutane miliyan 6.1 na cutar kanjamau (ARVs), magance mutane miliyan 11.2 tare da TB, kuma rarraba sama da miliyan 360 na tarwatsa kwari don hana malaria.
A sakamakon wadannan da sauran shirye-shiryen, sauyin yanayi na duniya ya karu da kashi 25 cikin dari tun 2003, yayin da yawan yara ya kamu da su a cikin lokaci guda.
Duk da haka duk da wadannan ci gaba, Majalisar UNAIDS ta kiyasta cewa adadin na ARV yana kusa da 34% a duniya, tare da kimanin mutane miliyan 28 har yanzu suna buƙatar magani. Bugu da ƙari, kamar yadda sabon cututtuka da cututtuka na AIDS suka ci gaba da raguwa, yawancin mutane zasu buƙaci a sanya su a kan dukkanin kwayar cutar ta ARV, ta yadda za a ci gaba da samun matakan da aka tsara.
Dangane da wadannan matsalolin, Asusun Duniya ya ba da shawara mai kyau a shekara ta 2012 inda za a kara karfafa kudaden kudade a kan ci gaba, babban tasiri mai tasiri tare da tabbatarwa, darajar gaske ga dollar.
Ƙwararraki da Takaddama
Duk da yake manufofin "hannuwan hannu" na Global Fund ana ba da kyauta tare da rage tsarin mulki da kuma fadada shirye shiryen shirye-shiryen a cikin kasashe masu karɓa, wasu sun soki hukumar ta kasa hana cin hanci da rashawa da kuma cin hanci da dama ta hanyar CCM.
Alal misali, a 2002, Asusun Duniya ya ba da fam miliyan 48 don aikin gundumar KwaZulu Natal, Afrika ta Kudu. Manufar ita ce ta tallafa wa shirin a kai tsaye don kokarin warware gwamnatin Thabo Mbeki , wanda ya yi kira a kai a kai cewa antiretrovirals sun fi guba fiye da cutar HIV. A} arshe, Asusun Duniya ya ba da ku] a] en ga gwamnatin Mbeki-wanda aka sanya ta CCM-duk da} o} arin da Mbeki da kuma ministan kiwon lafiya suka yi, na hana rarraba Runduna zuwa ga mata masu ciki.
Daga bisani a shekara ta 2011, Kamfanin Dillancin Labarai (AP) ya bayar da rahoton cewa, har zuwa dolar Amirka miliyan 34, an rasa kuɗin cin hanci da rashawa, tare da cin hanci da rashawa har zuwa Mali, Uganda, Zimbabwe, Philippines, da kuma Ukraine. A lokacin bincike, asusun na UNDP (UNDP) ya yi ƙoƙari ya toshe Babban Sakataren Harkokin Gudanar da Ƙungiyar Duniya don samun damar shigar da rahoto cikin gida a wasu kasashe 20, da'awar da'awar rigakafin diflomasiyya.
(A cikin wani littafin da aka wallafa a Washington Post, marubuci Michael Gerson ya ki amincewa da takaddamar AP ta hanyar tabbatar da cewa asarar kudi na wakiltar kashi biyu bisa uku na 1% na dukiyar da Asusun Duniya ya rarraba.)
A daidai wannan shekarar, aka tilasta Asusun ya soke sashi na goma sha ɗaya na sabuntawa ta hanyar tallafin kudaden da kasashe masu bayar da tallafi suka ba da rance. A gaskiya ma, yawancin ƙasashe, ciki har da Jamus da Sweden, sun yi watsi da gudunmawar saboda yawancin da'awar "sharar gida, cin hanci da cin hanci da rashawa," yayin da wasu kungiyoyi suka bukaci daftarin Daraktan Daraktan, Michel Kazatchkine.
Bisa ga waɗannan da kuma sauran rigingimu, Gidauniyar Global Fund ta amince da murabus na Kazatchkine a shekara ta 2012 kuma ta aiwatar da sauye-sauyen canje-canje a tsarin da ya dace - tabbatar da wani rawar da ya taka wajen bayar da tallafi, yayin da yake maida hankali ga kalmomin kansa, " kasashe masu tasowa, da maganganu da kuma yawan jama'a. "
Dokta Mark R. Dybul, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin US Coordinator AIDS a karkashin PEPFAR, an nada Babban Darakta a watan Nuwambar 2012.
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