Hyperthyroidism (thyrotoxicosis) wani cuta ne da ke faruwa a lokacin da glandon thyroid-karamin, gilashi-mai launin gland shine wanda ke cikin wuyanka - ya yi da yawa hormone thyroid. Wani lokaci ake magana da shi azaman maganin thyroid, hyperthyroidism na iya kara yawan ƙarfin hali, wanda zai haifar da asarar nauyi, launin gashi, sutura, da sauransu. Gwajin jini yana bincikar shi, kuma magani yana dauke da kwayoyin magani, ko da yake lokuta masu tsanani za su iya ba da izinin cirewa ko kuma cire ƙwayar gwiwar thyroid.
Ta hanyar fahimtar abin da yake ji kamar yana da hyperthyroidism, da kuma yadda aka gano wannan cuta kuma a bi da shi, za ka iya jin dadin jin dadinka yayin da kake yin tafiya ta hanyar tafiya mai tafiya naka-daga ganewar asali ga gudanarwa.
Cutar cututtuka
A lokacin da kake aiki kullum, your thyroid amfani da abincin abincin na iodine don samar da hormone thyroid. Wannan hormone yana sarrafa yadda kwayoyin jikinka, gland, kyallen takarda, da kuma kwayoyin halitta suna amfani da oxygen da makamashi. Tare da samar da ƙwayar cuta, tafiyar matakai a jikinka "gaggauta sauri." Don haka, alal misali, zuciyarka tana tsalle jini da sauri (haifar da zuciya mai racing), kuma kwakwalwarka ta shiga cikin ƙwaƙwalwa, ta sa ya wuya a barci.
Sauran alamu na hyperthyroidism sun hada da:
- Raguwa da / ko irritability
- Rabawar nauyi ba tare da mutu ba
- Jin zafi lokacin da wasu ke da sanyi (rashin jin zafi)
- Sweating fiye da saba
- Tashi gashi da kuma fata fata
- Ƙarfin tsoka
- A gani ko palpable dunƙule a cikin yankin your thyroid / wuyansa (goiter)
Wadannan bayyanar cututtuka, duk da haka, su ne kawai tip daga kankara. Akwai wasu alamomi masu yawa, wasu sun fi dabara fiye da wasu, wanda zai iya nuna ainihin asali na hyperthyroidism.
Dalilin
Akwai wasu lokuta na kiwon lafiya ko yanayin da ke haifar da hyperthyroidism .
Kwayar cututtuka ita ce mafi yawan mawuyacin hali, yana da kashi 70 cikin 100 na mutanen da ke da hyperthyroidism.
A cikin cututtukan Graves, tsarin rigakafinka ba tare da dacewa samar da kwayoyin cuta ba, wanda ake kira thyroid stimulating antibodies (TSI), cewa overstimulate your thyroid gland shine, haifar da shi don overproduce thyroid hormone.
Wasu dalilai na hyperthyroidism sun hada da:
- Goiter multinodular goiter
- Hyperfunctioning thyroid nodule (da ake kira mai guba adenoma)
- Thyroiditis: Wannan yanayin ƙwayar cutar za a iya haifar da wasu abubuwa kamar kamuwa da cuta, cututtuka, radiation, ko kwanakin baya.
- Shan da yawa hormone thyroid, ko dai ta takardar izini ko kariyar amfani
- Halitta da ciwon haɗari mai ciwon ciki
- Hythythyroidism a cikin Hashimoto ta cutar
- Hythythyroidism na hyperemesis gravidarum
- Ciwon gurguntacciyar kwakwalwa ta hanyar Pituitary
- Harkar tsauraran maganin fetal-neonatal
Sanin asali
Sakamakon asirin hyperthyroidism ya ƙunshi matakai da dama.
Gwajiyar Clinical
A lokacin binciken likita, likitanku zaiyi nazarin tarihin ku da kuma tarihin iyali na maganin karoid da cutar na autoimmune, sake duba magungunan ka, da kuma nazarin maganin ka. Dole likitan zai kuma nemi wasu alamomi na hawan hyperthyroidism kamar ƙwararren zuciya, goiter , da ƙwararruwar ƙari, da sauransu.
Jarabawa na jini
Ana amfani da gwaje-gwajen jini don gano asalin hyperthyroid. Gwajin jini na farko da aka yi amfani dashi shine gwajin jinin karo-stimulating hormone (TSH).
Lokacin da thyroid yana samar da yawancin hormone thyroid, matakin TSH yana da ƙasa.
Kwararka zai iya yin umurni da thyroxine kyauta (FT4) ko kuma kyauta na thyroxine (FTI), dangane da tarihin lafiyar ku da sakamakon binciken ku na TSH. Mutanen da ke da hyperthyroidism suna da babban FT4 ko FTI.
Sauran jini na jarrabawar likitanku na iya yin umurni sun hada da:
- Triiodothyronine (T3)
- Magunguna na thyroid
Nazarin Hoto
An yi amfani da maganin thyroid din da ake kira RAI-U (radioactive iodine scan scan) don gano dalilin da kake yi na hyperthyroidism (alal misali, cututtuka na Graves tare da goiter multinodular goiter).
Jiyya
An yi amfani da hyperthyroidism ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyi uku:
- Yin maganin likita da maganin antithyroid
- Ablation na thyroid gland shine tare da radioactive iodine, da aka sani da RAI
- Tiyata don cire duk ko ɓangare na thyroid
Wanne magani kake shanwa ya dogara ne akan wasu dalilai, kamar mawuyacin hali da ƙimar ka na hyperthyroidism, da shekarunka, da fifinka, da lafiyarka.
Kila kuma a umarce ku da irin maganin da ake kira beta-blockcker don rage yawan zuciyarku kuma kuyi girgiza da damuwa.
Ba kula da yawancin nau'i na hyperthyroid zai iya haifar da zuciya mai kwakwalwa, cutar hawan jini, har ma da hadarin ciwon zuciya ko bugun jini, a matsayin wani ɓangare na rikitarwa na rayuwa da ake kira taurrakin ka .
A wasu lokuta, ana kula da marasa lafiya za su shiga gafara saboda maganin antithyroid ko kuma canje-canje na tsarin. Duk da haka, yawancin marasa lafiya na Graves da kuma masu ciwon hyperthyroidism suna buƙatar yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi ta antithyroid na rayuwa ko daya daga cikin hanyoyin da aka tsara a sama.
Kalma Daga
Ilimi shine iko. Ta hanyar koyon ilimin hyperthyroidism, kai ne mataki na gaba akan tafiya (ko ƙaunataccen) naka.
Yayinda wata ganewar asali na hyperthyroidism na iya zama abin bala'i a wasu lokuta (yana da al'ada don jin tsoro game da shan sabon magani ko yin wani sabon tsari ko aikin tiyata), da fatan zuciyarka tana jin dadin fahimtar cewa wannan cuta za ta iya samuwa.
> Sources:
> Ƙungiyar Amirka Thyroid Association. (2018). Tambayoyin Hyperthyroidism .
> Ross DS et al. 2016 Hanyoyi na Kungiyar Thyroid na Kungiyar Thyroid don Bincike da Gudanarwa na Hyperthyroidism da kuma sauran dalilan Thyrotoxicosis. Thyroid . 2016 Oktoba; 26 (10): 1343-1421.