Dysautonomia da Matsala tare da Tsarin Jigilar Tsuntsauran Kai
Tsarin tsarin kulawa na jiki yana kula da ayyuka na jiki kamar aikin zuciya da kuma karfin jini wanda ke kiyaye mu da rai ba tare da tunaninmu ba. Kusan duk wani rashin lafiyar likita zai iya shafar tsarin kulawa mai zaman kansa a wasu hanyoyi, kodayake ƙananan cututtuka sun kai hari ga tsarin kulawa ta jiki. Da ke ƙasa akwai wasu siffofi na yau da kullum na rashin kulawar tsarin jiki, ko dysautonomia :
Madacciyar Mutuwar Maɗaukaki
Maganin kwakwalwa maras nauyi, wanda aka fara bayyana a shekarar 1975, ya kasance mai mahimmanci amma yana zama misali mai kyau na abin da ke faruwa a yayin da dukkanin ayyukan tsaro masu tsatstsauran ra'ayi suka shiga. Kwayar cututtuka ta zo sama da mako daya ko kuma 'yan makonni tare da asarar cikakkiyar yawancin ayyuka na haɓaka kuma sun haɗa da idon bushe, hypotension kothostatic , rashin salivation, rashin ƙarfi, da kuma rashin jin daɗin ciki, da kuma ciwo na ciki da vomiting. Dukkanin ɓangaren ƙwayoyin cuta da na juyayi suna tasiri, ko da yake wasu jijiyoyi suna kare. Kullun lumbar zai iya nuna haɓakar haɓaka a CSF . Ba'a samu dalili ba, koda yake yana da wata cuta mai kama da cutar ta Guillain-Barre . Mafi kyawun magani ba shi da kyau, ko da yake wasu sun nuna ingantawa bayan gyaran plasma, ko kuma gwamnatin IVIG.
Idon ta'aziyyar Orthostatic Hypotension
Wani mummunan cututtuka, cututtuka mai tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsakin zuciya ya zo cikin tsakiyar zuwa ƙarshen rayuwa kuma ya haɗa da raunuka a cikin ƙananan ganglionic masu amfani da ƙananan zuciya, wanda zai hana zuciya yin sauri idan an buƙata.
Wannan abu ne ƙwarai; mafi yawan tsakiya na dysautonomia na farko da ya fi dacewa ya haɗa da lalacewa na ɓangaren ƙwayar taƙala ta hanyar abin da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta suke tafiya a cikin ƙaho na baya. A kowane hali, farawa yana farawa tare da sauye-sauyen salon salon rayuwa, ciki harda sanyewar matsa lamba, da kuma saurin sauyawa daga zaune zuwa tsaye.
Idan wannan bai isa ba, magunguna kamar midodrine ko florinef na iya zama dole.
Secondary Orthostatic Hypotension
A cikin wannan nau'i na dysautonomia, wani neuropathy na jiki, kamar wanda aka samu a cikin ciwon sukari , kuma yana tasiri ga tsarin kula da jiki mai zaman kanta. Akwai wasu ire-iren ire-iren wasu, ciki har da yin amfani da barasa masu nauyi, abubuwan da ba su da sinadirai, ko maɗauri masu guba.
Dysautonomia tare da masu ciwon sukari neuropathy yana da mahimmanci kuma yana iya zama tare da rashin ƙarfi, cututtuka, da maƙarƙashiya, baya ga hypotension orthostatic. Wadannan bayyanar cututtuka na iya ko kuma bazai zama masu tsanani kamar yadda sauye-sauye na sirri da ke tattare da neuropathy ba. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa waɗannan ƙananan neuropathies a wasu lokuta sun riga sun gano asalin cutar ciwon sukari, kuma wasu gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwajen da aka yi amfani da shi don gano asalin ciwon sukari, kamar su hemoglobin A1c, zai iya kasancewa a cikin al'ada. A wasu kalmomi, jijiyoyi na jijiyoyin na iya zama mafi mahimmanci fiye da gwajin gwajin da likitoci suka yi don gano cutar ciwon sukari.
Sauran nau'ikan ƙananan kwayoyin halitta, irin su abin da amyloidosis ya haifar, sun sami mawuyacin hali. Ƙananan cutar da ba'a samu daga cutar Fabry (kashi alpha-galactosidase) zai iya haifar da dysautonomia.
Riley-Day Syndrome
Yayin da kimanin kashi] aya cikin dari na mutanen da suka kai shekaru 65 suna da irin nau'in dysautonomy kamar yadda aka nuna ta hanyar hypotension kothostatic, dysautonomia ba shi da yawa a cikin matasa. Ɗaya daga cikin jinsin shine dysautonomia gado wanda ake kira Riley-Day syndrome.
Riny-Day Syndrome an gaji ne a cikin wani hanzari na dagewa, yana nufin cewa iyaye bazai taɓa shafar ko da yake yaron yana da cutar. Kwayoyin cututtuka sun hada da jigilar jini , jinƙin jini , tsarin ƙwayar zafi maras kyau, hyperhidrosis, vomiting cyclic, rashin lahani, da kuma rage yawan jin dadi. Wadannan bayyanar cututtuka ana iya haifar dashi ta hanyar rashin daidaituwa ta al'ada a yayin ci gaba.
Cutar da Tsarin Jigilar Tsuntsaye
Jigilar tausayi suna gudana ta hanyar layi a cikin abin da ake kira ginshikan kwayoyin halitta. Idan an katse waɗannan ginshiƙai saboda mummunan cututtuka tare da hypotension, asarar sweating, mafitsara magunguna, da kuma ciwon gastrointestinal iya haifar da; an san wannan da lakabi. Yin amfani da naloxone na alama ya rage wasu bayyanar cututtuka: ayyuka masu jin tausayi da sassauci zasu dawo bayan dan lokaci, amma ba za su kasance a ƙarƙashin ikon tsarin haɓaka ba. Alal misali, idan saukarwar jini ya fāɗi, jigilar jini ba za ta ƙuntatawa ba, tun da yake wannan yana dogara ne akan sadarwa tsakanin ƙwaƙwalwar zuciya a cikin kwakwalwa da kuma sauran jiki ta hanyar layi. Sauran ƙwararruwar, duk da haka, za su kasance a tsaye. Idan fatar jiki ta fadi a hannun, alal misali, jinin jini a cikin wannan hannu zai hana ƙin, ya haifar da karuwa a wannan bangare.
Mutanen da suke da karfin jiki saboda sakamakon ciwo na kashin baya na iya sha wahala daga abin da ake kira dysreflexia mai dacewa. Ruwan jini ya taso, zuciya yana raguwa, kuma sassan da ke ƙarƙashin raunuka za su iya shawo kan su kuma su ci gaba da wuce gona da iri, banda gajerun kafa da kuma sacewa daga cikin mafitsara. Dysreflexia na jiki zai iya zama barazanar rai idan ba a bi da shi ba.
Babban raunin da ya raunana ko ciwon jini zai iya saki kullun ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma kara sautin jin tausayi. Wani lokaci talakawa zasu iya motsawa akan kwakwalwar kwakwalwa, wanda zai haifar da matsanancin hauhawar jini, numfashi marar kyau, da kuma zuciya mai jinkirin abin da aka sani da amsa Cushing, mai nuna alama na karuwa ta intracranial.
Dysautonomia saboda Drugs da Toxins
Tashin hankali na kashin baya yana kama da sauran matsaloli masu zaman kansu da aka kira "hadari mai ban tausayi," wanda zai iya haifar da amfani da wasu kwayoyi, irin su cocaine. Yawancin magungunan likitanci sunada aiki ta hanyar yin aiki akan tsarin kulawa mai kwakwalwa, kuma hakan yana da rashin gaskiya game da toxin yawa. Organophosphate kwari da sarin, alal misali, haifar da overactivity parasympathetic.
Wasu Dysaptonomias
Hyperhydrosis yana da mummunar barazana, amma har yanzu yana da damuwa dysautonomia wanda zai haifar da isasshen nauyi. Sabanin haka, anhydrosis yana haifar da ƙananan gogewa, wanda zai iya zama haɗari idan ya haifar da overheating.
Rayuwar na Raynaud yana haifar da rage yawan jini zuwa yatsunsu a cikin sanyi kuma ana danganta shi da ƙananan neuropathy ko cututtuka masu haɗuwa irin su scleroderma .
Dysder dysfunction ne na kowa kuma zai iya haifar da da yawa daban-daban matsaloli, ciki har da dysautonomias. Cikin magungunan mafitsara yana da hadari, kuma abin da ake gani na urination yana dogara ne akan hadin kai tsakanin ayyukan jin dadin jiki, jin tausayi, da kuma sulhu. Wataƙila saboda aikin da ya dace da mafitsara ya dogara da abubuwa daban-daban, ba abin mamaki bane cewa matsalolin na kowa ne, kuma zasu iya haɗawa ko dai ba tare da haɓaka ba ko kuma riƙe da fitsari.
Ba shi yiwuwa a magance dukkan bangarori na dysautonomi a cikin labarin daya. Bugu da ƙari, abin da muka rufe, wani lokaci kawai sassan jiki, kamar ido (kamar yadda a cikin Horner's syndrome) ko ƙananan (kamar yadda yake a cikin dystrophy mai juyayi) zai iya tasiri. Wannan labarin zai iya kasancewa gabatarwar gaba ɗaya, kuma yana ƙara ƙara karatun ga waɗanda suke son ƙarin bayani.
Sources:
Ka'idodi na Adams da Victor na Lafiya, 9th ed: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2009
Blumenfeld H, Neuroanatomy ta hanyar Cutar Clinical. Sunderland: Sinauer Associates Publishers 2002