Wace cututtuka ne ke sa mutane su bukaci dialysis ko dasawa
Yawancin mutane suna mamakin sanin cewa gazawar koda ba zai fara da cutar kodan ba, amma ya fi dacewa da sauran cututtuka irin su ciwon sukari ko hawan jini. Kodayake cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayoyin cutar da suke haifar da gazawar koda, haɗin da suke bayarwa ga yawan marasa lafiya da ke ci gaba da gazawar koda ya karami.
GARATARWA & HALO
A takaice, a nan ne tushen hudu na asarar koda, kuma an kira shi cutar cututtuka na karshe (ESRD):
- Ciwon sukari mellitus
- Hawan jini
- Glomerulonephritis
- Cututtukan koda
Ciwon ƙwayar cututtukan ciwon sukari , wanda aka fi sani da ciwon ƙwayar cuta nephropathy shine babban dalilin rashin cin nasara koda, kuma ga marasa lafiya na ci gaba da zamawa 5 cuta na koda (CKD) wanda ke buƙatar dialysis. Har zuwa ƙarshen shekarun 1980, ciwon sukari da hauhawar jini sunyi amfani da su don taimakawa wajen rashin gazawar koda (cututtuka na ƙarshe). Duk da haka, tun daga wannan lokacin wannan yanayin ya fara ƙara sauri don cutar cututtukan ciwon sukari. Kamar yadda rahotanni na Renal Data System (USRDS) na shekara ta 2013, yanzu akwai ciwon sukari da ke da alhakin fiye da mutane 50,000 wadanda suka kamu da cutar koda (wanda ya buƙaci dialysis ko aikin koda) kowace shekara ! Irin wannan nau'i na hauhawar jini shine kimanin 30,000.
Kamar yadda yawancin marasa lafiya da kwayar cututtuka ko a dialysis kowace shekara, ciwon sukari yana da kashi 44%, yayin da hauhawar jini yana da alhakin kimanin kashi 28 cikin dari .Luna da wannan labarin ya nuna yadda cututtuka da ke haifar da gazawar koda sun canza a cikin 'yan kwanan nan shekarun da suka gabata.
Hanyoyin da cutar da cutar hawan jini suka haifar da gazawar koda sun wuce iyakar wannan labarin, amma na taɓa su a taƙaice a cikin wasu matakan na .
Abin da ya faru shi ne abin da ake kira "hyperfiltration daidaitawa", wanda shine abin da na bayyana a cikin wani matsayi.
Glomerulonephritis yana nufin ƙonewa na glomerulus da nephrons. Bayani mai sauki game da waɗannan sifofi zai zama cewa su ne tsarin tsaftacewa da tsabtace koda. Kumburi a nan zai iya samuwa daga dalilai masu yawa, amma dalilai da yawa na iya zama kwayoyi, cututtuka na kamfanoni kamar lupus, cancers, da cututtuka. Ayyukan koda a wasu nau'o'in glomerulonephritis na iya ƙin da sauri sosai, wani lokuta a kan tsawon kwanakin zuwa makonni. Ba kamar sauran magungunan cututtuka da aka ambata ba a wannan labarin, jini a cikin fitsari shi ne alamar na kowa.
A ƙarshe, kodan karyan , wanda wani lokaci ana kiransa cutar cututtuka na polycystic (PKD) wani cuta ne wanda aka gaji da kodan da zai iya haifar da gazawar koda. Yana gudana a cikin iyalai, ana wucewa ta hanyar iyaye daga iyaye ga yara. Sau da yawa, tarihin iyali na gazawar koda zai nuna hakan. Duk da haka, wani lokaci cutar ba ta gabatar har zuwa farkon shekarun 70 saboda yawan shekarun gabatarwa yana ƙaddara ta hanyar maye gurbin kwayoyin halitta. Saboda haka yana iya tunanin cewa iyaye mai cutar da zasu iya mutuwa a cikin shekaru kafin a iya gano ganewar asali.
A cikin waɗannan lokuta, marasa lafiya zasu ƙaryata game da wanzuwar tarihin iyali. Kusan yawancin cututtukan da aka samo a kan nazarin hotunan hoto, kamar misalin karfe, kuma zai iya kasancewa "ganowa". Magunguna suna da kyakoki masu yawa a cikin koda da suka kara girma tare da lokaci kuma a zahiri suna ƙin jinin jini daga sauran kayan da zai iya yiwuwa. Zan yi magana game da glomerulonephritis da PKD a cikin dalla-dalla a cikin matakan da na biyo baya.
US Rashin Bayanai na Renal, Bayanan Rahotan Bayanan Gida na USRDS 2013: Atlas of Chronic Kidney Disease and End-Stage Renal Disease a Amurka, Cibiyoyin Lafiya na Ƙasar, Cibiyar Nazarin Ciwon sukari da Kwayoyin cuta da Kwayoyin cuta, Bethesda, MD, 2013
Bayanan da aka ruwaito a nan an kawo ta ta Amurka Rashin Bayanin Renal (USRDS). Bayanan da rahoto game da wadannan bayanai sune alhakin marubucin (s) kuma ba a yakamata a gani a matsayin tsarin manufofin ko fassarar gwamnatin Amurka.