Yi la'akari da zaɓuɓɓuka
Yin fahimtar nau'o'in gwaji na asibiti yana da mahimmanci idan kuna la'akari da shiga cikin gwaji . Ko da yake muna tunanin lokuta na gwaji a matsayin likita don nazarin sabon magani, akwai nau'o'in gwaji daban-daban da dalilai daban-daban.
Rigakafin ƙwayar gwaji
Nazarin maganin rigakafi ne gwaje-gwaje na gwaji wanda ke duban abubuwa da abubuwan rayuwa wanda zai iya tadawa ko rage hadarin bunkasa ciwon daji, wani yanayin kiwon lafiya, ko ma rage haɗarin hadari.
Misalan gwaje-gwaje na rigakafi sun hada da kimantawa ko yin amfani da wuraren zama suna da banbanci a cikin hadarin mota, abin da shan taba ya shafi hadarin ciwon daji na huhu, kuma koda wasu nau'i na musamman ko wadansu abinci zasu rage hadarin bunkasa ciwon daji ko cututtukan zuciya.
Binciken gwaji na gwaji
Ana gwada gwajin gwaji don tantance hanyoyi na gano ciwon daji a baya kuma da fatan karin matakan da suka kamu da cutar. Misalan gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwaje sune waɗanda aka yi don kimanta sakamakon sakamakon mammogram na kan ciwon nono na jikin nono, da kuma sakamakon maganin maganin cutar PSA a kan ciwon kanji. Yana da muhimmanci a lura cewa ana gudanar da gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwajen don tabbatar da gwajin gwajin gwaji ko kawai ba gano kawai ciwon daji ba, amma inganta rayuwar. Muhimmancin wannan bambanci ya zo ne saboda kodayake gwada gwajin zai iya gano ciwon daji a baya fiye da yadda za a gano shi bisa ga alamun bayyanar kadai, wannan baya tabbatar da cewa gwajin gwajin zai inganta rayuwa.
Kwanan nan cutar kanjamau ta CT ta nunawa a wasu mutane-wadanda suka shafe shekaru 30 da 80, kuma sun bar shekaru 15 da suka wuce ko ci gaba da shan taba-an yarda. Ba a yarda da wannan gwajin ba kawai saboda an gano shi don gano ciwon huhu a cikin mahaifa kafin a samu su bisa ga bayyanar cututtuka kadai, amma wannan ganewa ya haifar da inganta rayuwar rayuwar mutane.
Dandalin gwaji na asibiti
Gwaje-gwaje na gwaje-gwaje sunyi sauƙi tare da gwajin gwaje-gwaje a neman hanyoyin mafi kyau na gano idan mutum yana da ciwon daji, amma kuma an yi shi don gano mafi kyau, mafi muni, kuma mafi yawan hanyoyin da za a iya gano idan akwai ciwon daji da kuma mataki na cewa ciwon daji.
Jiyya Clinical Trials
An gwada gwaji don magance magunguna, radiation, tiyata, magani, ko wasu jiyya, don magance ciwon daji. Misalan gwajin gwaji na iya zama kwatancen magungunan magunguna guda biyu don ciwon daji, wane nau'in tiyata ba shi da kishi yayin da yake samar da mafi girma ga rayuwa ga wanda ke da ciwon daji, ko kuma yawancin maganin radiation ya isa ya magance ciwon daji.
Baya ga waɗannan gwaje-gwajen da ke tattare da magunguna masu yawa, akwai kuma nau'o'i daban-daban na gwaji na asibiti. Alal misali, gwajin gwaji na farko na farko shine gwajin likita na farko da aka yi a kan 'yan mutane kawai don ganin idan magani bai da lafiya, yayin da aka gwada gwaje-gwajen kashi 4 a kan jiyya wanda FDA ta amince da shi amma zai iya tasiri ga wani yanayin.
Taimakon Gudanar da Gwajen Kwayoyin Gwaji ko Ƙwarewar Rayuwa
Ana gudanar da bincike na bincike na kulawa don gwada iyawar maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi, hanya, ko ba da magani ba kamar na ƙungiyar tallafi, don rage alamun bayyanar cututtuka ko bayyanar cututtuka dangane da maganin ciwon daji.
Wani lokaci binciken da aka samu na irin nau'in gwaji zai haifar da zato sakamakon da zai dace da wani nau'i na gwaji. An yi wani misali mai ban mamaki sosai don bincika sakamakon kulawa mai ban tsoro game da ingancin rayuwa ga mutanen dake fama da ciwon huhu. Ba wai kawai binciken ya gano cewa irin wannan kulawa na ingantaccen rayuwar rayuwa ba, amma wadanda ke fama da ciwon huhu na huhu da suke da alaƙa don kulawa da jin dadi sun rayu fiye da waɗanda basu karbi kulawa ba.
Sources:
Cibiyar Cancer ta Cibiyar Nazarin Ciwon Siyasa, Hanyoyin Kwayoyin Gwiwar Hoto https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/clinical-trials/what-are-trials/types.