Halin Rauni ga Cibiyar Sadarwa ta Brain
Kwaƙwalwar kwakwalwa tana da tsawo a cikin kwakwalwa wadda ke haɗa kwakwalwa zuwa layin ƙafar. Yana aiki a matsayin cibiyar sadarwa ta kwakwalwa da kuma haɗaka inda aka ba da kwakwalwar wutar lantarki a ko'ina cikin jiki.
Magungun ƙwayar cuta (MS) yana da siffar jigilar raunuka (wanda aka fi sani da lakabi) a kan sassan tsakiya na tsakiya.
Dangane da inda aka samo alamun, ana iya katse fassarar ƙwayoyin cuta, haifar da jigilar cututtuka na jiki waɗanda muke hulɗa tare da MS.
Yaya aikin Brain Stem aiki?
Ka yi tunanin kwakwalwarka ta zama mai sarrafawa a cikin babban sadarwar sadarwa. Yayin da sakonni suka aika daga kwakwalwa, sun wuce ta kwakwalwa a cikin nau'i na lantarki. A nan ne ake buƙatar motsi ga mutum-wanda aka sani da ƙananan mutum, da pons, da kuma midbrain - wanda kowannensu ya kula da ka'idodin takamaiman aikin kai tsaye (aiki) da kuma aiki na musamman (na son rai).
Daga wannan jigon, ana amfani da motsin jikin zuwa ga igiya ta hanyar hanyar sadarwa na kwayoyin jijiya, wanda aka sani da neuran. Kowace launi tana haɗuwa da nau'in fi'ili, wanda ake kira axons, wanda ke watsa saƙon da aka aika zuwa takamaiman motar ko tsarin sanarwa.
Sassan ɓangaren Brain
Kwaƙwalwar kwakwalwa, yayin ƙananan, tana da babban manufa.
Yana da alhakin gudanar da dukkanin sadarwa daga cerebrum (babban ɓangaren kwakwalwa) da kuma cerebellum (wanda ake kira "mini-kwakwalwa") ga sauran jiki. Ya ƙunshi 10 daga cikin jijiyoyi 12, da aka sani da jijiyoyin cranium, wanda ke ba da kansa, fuska, da gabobin ciki. Bugu da ƙari kuma, yana ƙayyade tsarin tsarin ilimin lissafi da mahimmanci wanda muke buƙatar aiki kuma muna da rai.
An kwashe kwakwalwa cikin sassa uku:
- Adlongata wanda yake cikin ƙananan ƙwayar kwakwalwarka, yana cikin tsakiyar tsari na ƙin zuciya da kuma karfin jini. Yana kuma haɓaka hanyoyi masu haɗaka irin su coughing, sneezing, da vomiting.
- Gwanon yana cikin tsakiyar ɓangaren kwakwalwa kuma tana da alhakin sarrafa numfashi da zurfin barci. Har ila yau yana cikin abubuwan da ke tattare da ji, dandano, da daidaituwa.
- Midbrain, wanda aka fi sani da mesencephalon, yana samuwa a saman ƙarshen kwakwalwar kwakwalwa kuma yana da alhakin kula da jijiyoyin tsakiya zuwa ga gani, sauti, da kuma motsi jiki. Har ila yau yana sarrafa ayyuka masu dacewa irin su narkewa, zuciya, da kuma numfashi.
Bugu da ƙari, a cikin waɗannan yankuna uku ne cibiyar sadarwa mai ƙwayar hanyoyi, wanda ake kira ƙaddarar ƙirar , wanda ke tsara matakin ƙwarewarka.
Ta yaya MS ke shafar ƙwaƙwalwar Brain
Yayinda lamarin sclerosis mai yawa bai bayyana cikakke ba, ya yi imanin cewa ya zama cuta ne na jiki (wanda kwayoyin cutar ke kaiwa na al'ada, kwayoyin lafiya) ko wani rikici wanda ba a magance cutar ba (wanda ƙullun daga mummunar amsawar cutar ta haifar da lalacewar cellular).
A kowane hali, an dauke MS a matsayin cututtukan da ke ɗauke da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, wanda ake kira sashin ƙuƙwalwa na myelin.
Lokacin da wannan ya faru, ƙananan ƙwayoyin za su fara lalacewa yayin da layi tsakanin sadarwa tsakanin kwayoyin halitta an rushe. Rashin lalacewar ci gaba ta hanyar demyelination ya haifar da tayar da nama a jikin nau'i.
Cutar cututtuka na ƙwayar cuta na Brain Stem
Plaques na iya ci gaba ko'ina a cikin tsarin kulawa na tsakiya, amma idan sunyi haka a kan kwakwalwa, duk wasu ayyuka zasu iya zamawa. Wadannan sun haɗa da:
- Raunin hangen nesa, ciki har da hangen nesa guda biyu ko hawan ido
- Rashin ƙarancin motsa jiki, ciki har da asarar motar motoci ko raunin rauni
- Raunin jiji, ciki har da kururuwa, mintuwa, ko rashin haƙuri
- Bayanin magana, ciki har da maganganun lalacewa da maganganun maganganun da ba daidai ba
- Rashin haɗari, ciki har da dandano, ƙanshi, ko sanadin fata
- Rashin daidaituwa ko tsaye
- Rashin ƙarancin motsa jiki, ciki har da rubuce-rubucen ko fasaha
- Abubuwan haɗarin haɗuwa masu ban sha'awa, ciki har da kira mara kyau ko dariya
- Matsalolin matsaloli, ciki har da choking, coughing, ko gagging
Ana iya gano yawan ƙwaƙwalwar plaque tare da nazarin fuska mai mahimmanci (MRI) . Duk da yake sake komawa da lalacewar jijiya yana da wuyar gaske, bincike ya fara nuna alkawali a inganta ingantaccen gyare-gyaren ta hanyar amfani da kwayoyin cutar ta immunological, ƙaddamar da tsire-tsire ta cell, da kuma ma'aikatan miyagun ƙwayoyi masu kare lafiyar jiki.
> Source:
> Lublin, F .; Reingold, S .; Cohen, J. et al. "Faɗar magungunan asibiti na sclerosis mai yawa: Rajista 2013". Ma'anar ilimin halitta. 2014; 83 (3): 278-286.