Synthetic HDL
Kamar yadda kowa ya san, HDL cholesterol "mai kyau cholesterol," saboda an haɓaka matakan HDL da aka haɗaka tare da ƙananan cututtukan cututtuka na jijiyoyin jini. HDL yana ƙwace ƙwayar cholesterol daga kyallen takarda kuma ya sake dawo da hanta don aiki. Saboda haka, masu bincike sun shafe shekaru da yawa suna kokarin magance magunguna da za su kara matakan HDL, kuma hakan zai inganta tsarin cire "mummunan" cholesterol.
Wadannan kokari sun kasance mafi ban mamaki.
Ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin binciken da ya kasance kamar mafi girman alamar yana a cikin yanayin HDL mimetics - nau'i na roba na HDL wanda "ke nuna" sakamakon ApoA, da HDL lipoprotein.
- Karanta game da cholesterol da triglycerides
Mene ne Maganin Hidima na HDL?
Kamar dukkan lipoproteins, nau'o'i na HDL sun kunshi lipids (a cikin wannan yanayin, cholesterol), da kuma sunadarai na musamman waɗanda ke kai da lipid ta wurin jini. Wadannan sunadarin sunadaran HDL lipoproteins sune dangin sunadarai da ake kira ApoA. ApoA shine "sashi mai aiki" na ƙwayar HDL. Ita ce ApoA wanda ke tattara kundin cholesterol mai yawa daga bangon da ke ciki kuma ya dauke shi. Sabili da haka, HDL cholesterol muna aunawa tare da gwaje-gwaje na jini shine cholesterol wanda aka cire daga nama, kuma yana kan hanyar zuwa hanta don aiki.
Yana da hankali, to, idan za mu iya ƙara yawan sunadarai ApoA a cikin jini mu zamu ƙara yawan ƙwayar ƙwayar cholesterol, kuma mai yiwuwa, rage haɗarin bunkasa atherosclerosis.
Hakanan magungunan HDL ne kwayoyi da suke nunawa, kamar yadda ya kamata, da sunadaran ApoA. Ana amfani da su a haɗin ƙwayoyin HDL. Mutane da yawa suna cigaba, amma bincike da ci gaba sun ci gaba da jinkiri.
Samu tare da HDL Mimetics
An fara sanin kwarewa ta farko da wani miketic HDL a shekarar 2003.
Wani nau'in HDL wanda ake kira ApoA-1 Milano, wanda ake gudanarwa a cikin mako-mako na injections, ya haifar da ƙaddamar da ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin mazaje masu fama da cututtuka. (Adadin yawan shrinkage shi ne ainihin ainihin kankanin, amma an yi shrinkage, kuma yana da mahimmanci.)
ApoA-1 Milano ya gano ta hanyar nazarin mutane 40 daga wani karamin gari a Italiya waɗanda aka san su da rayuwa mai kyau da kwanciyar hankali, duk da cewa sun rage girman matakai na HDL. Masu bincike sun gano cewa wadannan mutane suna da nau'in "mutant" na HDL (ApoA-1 Milano) wanda ba a gano shi ta hanyar gwajin jini ba, amma hakan ya kasance mai tasiri sosai don hana cutar cututtukan zuciya. Masu bincike sun iya kirkiro maye gurbin DNA wanda ya samar da wannan sabon HDL, sannan daga baya ya kara sabon DNA zuwa nau'in kwayoyin gwaje-gwajen, -a ƙirƙirar "ma'aikata" don samar da ApoA-1 Milano.
Wannan binciken ya haifar da farin ciki ƙwarai a tsakanin masu ilimin zuciya da kuma, godiya ga rahotanni, a cikin jama'a.
Amma a cikin shekaru masu zuwa mun ji babu wani abu game da ApoA-1 Milano.
An yi aiki kaɗan a cikin bango, duk da haka. Hakoki na ApoA-1 Milano sun canza hannayensu sau da yawa, kuma ana kiran wasu magungunan miyagun ƙwayoyi suna aiki a kan mimetics na HDL.
Amma a yanzu ya zama a bayyane yake cewa tsarin bunkasa waɗannan kwayoyi shine, a ce mafi ƙanƙanta, wahala da tsada.
Bugu da ari, a shekarar 2014 an jarraba ta biyu na HDL mimetic (CER-001, daga Cerenis Therapeutics) a gwaji na gwaji wanda aka kira CHI-SQUARED, kuma ya kasa nuna alamar amfani da rage kundin rubutu.
A ina Do HDL Mimetics Stand Yanzu?
Tunanin shekarar 2003 ya kasance mai karfin gaske. Wadannan kwayoyi sun tabbatar da cewa suna da wuyar gaske wajen bunkasawa da kuma samar da su, kuma bisa ga sakamakon CHI-SQUARED ba a ƙaddara su zama tasiri na duniya ba. Duk da yake ba za mu iya sanin tabbas ba, yana kama da manyan kamfanonin ƙwayoyi suna goyon baya daga gare su.
Kamfanonin ƙananan suna ci gaba da bunkasa su tare da iyakacin albarkatu.
Bugu da ƙari, masu sha'awar bincike na musamman don samar da matakan HDL a matsayin hanyar hana cutar cututtukan zuciya sun ragu sosai a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, tare da gagarumin rashin cin nasara na CETP kamar torcetrapib, kuma kwanan nan, niacin. Kamfanonin ƙwayoyi sun kashe dubban miliyoyin neman ƙoƙari don gano kwayoyi da yawa suna kara girman matakan HDL da rage cututtukan zuciya, ba tare da wani sakamako ba. Kwararrun ma sun fara tambayar dukan "hypothesis HDL," wato, cewa matakan high HDL suna da kyau.
- Karanta game da "duhu" na kyakkyawan cholesterol.
Don haka hotunan HDL yana ci gaba da ci gaba kuma yana iya kasancewa mai girma ga magani. Amma akwai ayyuka da yawa da ke buƙata a yi. Kuma ko da wannan yunkurin ya fi dacewa, wannan magani ya kamata a gudanar da shi (a duk lokacin da aka sanya ƙwayoyi da kuma lokaci) a cikin intravenously; kuma an ba da shekaru da dama da kuma kuɗin da aka kashe, zamu iya tsammanin wadannan kwayoyi sunyi tsada. Saboda haka kada mu rike numfashi.
Layin Ƙasa
Hanya mafi kyau don ƙara yawan matakan mu na HDL shine ta hanyar rayuwa mai kyau. Wannan hanya tana da amfani wajen rage haɗarinmu ba tare da la'akari da ainihin matakin mu na HDL ba.
- Karanta yadda zaka kara girman matakanka na HDL.
- Karanta game da kimantawa ga hadarin cututtukan zuciya.
- Karanta yadda za a rage halayen ƙwayar zuciya.
Sources:
Tardif JC, Ballantyne CM, Barter P, et al. Hanyoyin mai cutar CER-001 mai tsanani a kan cututtuka na asibiti atherosclerosis a cikin marasa lafiya tare da ciwo masu jijiyoyin zuciya mai tsanani: gwajin gwagwarmaya. Ƙungiyar Zuciya ta Turai. 29 Afrilu 2014 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehu171
Nissen SE, Tsunoda T, Tuzcu EM, et al. Hanyoyin ApoA-I Milano na recombinant kan atherosclerosis a cikin marasa lafiya tare da ciwo masu ciwo akan jijiyoyin jini: gwajin gwagwarmayar da aka samu. JAMA 2003; 290: 2292.