Shin da wuri ne na farko don jinsin jinin mutum don shawo kan yanke shawara na kiwon lafiya?
Yayinda muke koyon ƙarin bayani game da yadda kwayoyinmu ke shafar lafiyarmu, yana ƙara fahimtar cewa abinci yana shafar kowane mutum a hanyoyi masu ban sha'awa. Wannan shine abin da ake mayar da hankali kan filin da ake kira "nutrigenomics": nazarin yadda abinci mai gina jiki ya shafi mu a kan kwayoyin halittu, da kuma yadda za mu zabi abincin da za mu iya canza ainihin kwayoyin halittarmu.
Bisa ga masu bada shawara game da kwayoyin gina jiki, wannan kimiyyar zata iya samar da hanya don karin mutum-kuma, a gefe guda, mafi tasiri-shawara akan yadda za a ci.
Don haka, gwajin kwayoyin zai iya gane ko wane abinci na musamman zai iya taimaka maka wajen cimma daidaituwa mai kyau da kuma kariya daga cututtuka kamar cututtukan zuciya , ciwon sukari , da ciwon daji.
Amfanin Lafiya na Nutrigenomics
Mun gode wa sashe na ci gaba da bincike na gina jiki, yanzu mun fahimci cewa bambancin mutum a cikin kwayoyin halittarmu yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin abubuwan da suke son ci, maganin maganin jini, maganin jini, da kuma samar da kitsoyin mai. Saboda wannan bambancin kwayoyin, shawara mai mahimmanci gaba ɗaya zai iya taimakawa sosai don taimaka mana mu kula da lafiyar mu da kuma sarrafa nauyinmu.
A gaskiya ma, ana tunanin cewa rashin karuwa, shawarwari mai ban sha'awa wanda aka sanya shi na iya taimakawa wajen ci gaba da magance matsaloli irin su annoba. Ta hanyar maye gurbin dukkanin shawarwarin da suka dace da jigilar kayan abinci, mai bada shawara ya nuna cewa, mutane na iya kasancewa mai yiwuwa su tsaya ga wannan shawara kuma su sami zaman lafiya na dindindin.
Kimiyya Bayan Nutrigenomics
A wannan batu, akwai ƙananan sikelin, nazarin lokaci na tsawon lokaci da ke kallon tasirin abincin abinci mai gina jiki. Duk da haka, ƙwarewar binciken bincike ya nuna cewa abinci mai kyau wanda aka halicce shi na iya inganta lafiyarka.
Wannan bincike ya hada da binciken da aka buga a cikin jaridar Cell a shekara ta 2015, wanda ya gano cewa abincin mai gina jiki na iya taimakawa wajen kare jini (wani abu mai mahimmanci wajen rigakafi da kula da ciwon sukari).
Don wannan binciken, masu binciken sun fara ne ta tattara bayanai akan mutane 800 a cikin mako guda. An tattara bayanai ta hanyoyi masu yawa, ciki har da kula da jini, gwajin jini, tambayoyi na kiwon lafiya, da bayanan da aka ruwaito game da cin abinci. A cikin nazarin wadannan bayanai, masu bincike sun gano cewa wasu mambobi daban-daban na binciken sun nuna irin wannan nau'in abincin jini (da cewa wadannan amsawar sun kasance daidai daga rana zuwa rana).
A matsayin misali na abubuwan da suka gano game da wasu nau'o'in wasu abinci, masu marubuta na nazarin suna nuna wa ɗalibai masu nazarin shekaru masu yawa da kiba da pre-ciwon sukari. Duk da yake wannan mahalarta ya hada tumatir a cikin abincinta a matsayin wani ɓangare na kokarinta na ci lafiya, gwaje-gwajen da aka gudanar a lokacin binciken ya nuna cewa cinye tumatir ya haifar da jinin jini don karu.
Da zarar an kammala karatun farko na wannan binciken, masu bincike sun kirkiro wani algorithm don hango nesa da cewa zazzabin sukari na "jin dadin rayuwa". Sakamako sun nuna cewa bayan wannan shawara mai dadi nagari ya taimaka wajen rage yawan matakan jini.
Har ila yau akwai wasu shaidun cewa shawara mai daɗin abinci na halitta zai iya haifar da ingantaccen ingantaccen cin abinci, idan aka kwatanta da ƙarin shawarwari na abinci. A cikin binciken da aka buga a jaridar PLoS One a cikin shekara ta 2014, alal misali, masu bincike sun ba da matasa matasa 138 zuwa ƙungiyoyin binciken biyu: wanda ya karbi nazarin abincin na DNA don abubuwa guda hudu (abincin caffeine, sodium, bitamin C , da kuma sugar), da kuma wanda ya karbi shawara na abinci mai mahimmanci akan wannan abu.
Bayan watanni uku, wadanda aka ba da shawarar da aka ba su ta DNA sun fara nuna ingantawa a abincin su.
Bayan watanni 12, waɗannan ci gaba sun fi muhimmanci. Alal misali, nazarin mahalarta wanda aka sanar da cewa sun dauki nau'in jinsi da aka danganta da karɓar gishiri da cutar hawan jini ya rage yawan ciwon sodium zuwa matsayi mafi girma, idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda suka karbi shawara mai kyau don cin abinci mai sodium.
Bugu da kari, binciken da aka wallafa a cikin Jaridar American Journal of Clinical Nutrition in 2017 ta gano cewa abinci mai gina jiki wanda zai iya taimakawa wajen rage asarar nauyi ta hanyar cike da dabi'un da suka shafi jikin mutum.
Nutrigenomics da kuma Ninawa Gina Jiki
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, yawancin kamfanonin sun fara bada shawara mai dadi na yau da kullum bisa ga gwajin kwayoyin. Duk da haka, masana a fagen haɓakar nutrigenomics cewa wannan shawara bazai zama sauti ba. Saboda haɓaka tsakanin abubuwan gina jiki da kwayar halitta suna da matsala sosai, ana bukatar karin bincike don fahimtar yadda hanyoyin gina jiki zasu taimaka maka wajen inganta abinci mai kyau.
> Sources:
> San-Cristobal R, Fallaize R, Macready AL, et al. "Shin shawara na tushen kwayoyin za ta taimaka maka ka rasa nauyi? Nemo daga Food4Me Turai gwajin gwagwarmaya bazuwar. "Am J Clin Nutr. 2017 May; 105 (5): 1204-1213.
> Nielsen DE, El-Sohemy A. "Bayyana bayanan kwayoyin halitta da kuma canzawa a cikin abincin abincin abinci: gwajin gwajin da aka samu." PLoS Daya. 2014 Nuwamba 14; 9 (11): e112665.
> Zeevi D, Korem T, Zmora N, et al. "Gina Jiki na Kasuwanci ta Tsarin Gwargwadon Magana na Glycemic." Cell. 2015 Nuwamba 19; 163 (5): 1079-1094.
> Bayani: Bayanan da aka ƙunshe a wannan shafin an yi nufi don dalilai na ilimi kawai kuma ba a maimakon shawara, ganewar asali ko magani da likitan lasisi ba. Ba'a nufin ɗaukar dukkan kariya, hulɗar miyagun ƙwayoyi, yanayi ko cutarwa. Ya kamata ku nemi kulawa da lafiya ga duk wani al'amura na kiwon lafiya ku tuntuɓi likitan ku kafin kuyi amfani da magani ko yin canji ga tsarinku.