An ce kamuwa da cuta shine "opportunistic" lokacin da yake amfani da gaskiyar cewa marasa lafiya sun kasance marasa lafiya. Hanyoyin cututtuka sune cututtuka wadanda suke da sauƙi don tsarin lafiyar lafiya don yaki. Saboda haka, cututtuka masu dacewa kawai suna bayyana a cikin mutanen da tsarin kulawa na rigakafi ya sabawa. Wannan zai iya faruwa saboda rashin lafiya, shekaru, ko wasu dalilai.
Hanyoyin cututtuka suna haifar da kwayoyin da zasu iya kasancewa a cikin mutane masu lafiya amma basu saba haifar da cuta a cikinsu ba. Duk da haka, lokacin da waɗannan kwayoyin ke cutar da mutumin da ba shi da rigakafi, akwai matsala. Jikunansu ba zasu iya yaki da kamuwa da cuta ba kuma suna rashin lafiya.
Hanyoyin cututtuka sune daya daga cikin alamun AIDS. A gaskiya ma, kasancewa da cututtuka masu dacewa shine daya daga cikin siffofin da ke tattare da cutar AIDS. Duk da haka, cututtuka masu dacewa ba kawai faruwa ne a cikin marasa lafiya ba. Za su iya faruwa a duk wanda ba shi da nakasa.
Yaya Hanyoyin Hanyoyin Cikin Gida sun Kulla Da Binciken Sida
Rashin haɗuwa da cututtuka da dama shine daya daga cikin abubuwan da suka haifar da gano kwayar cutar HIV da AIDS. Ba zato ba tsammani akwai tashi a bayyanar cututtukan da suka faru a baya - kamar Pneumocystis jirovecii ciwon huhu. Yayinda yake kokarin gwada abin da mutanen da ke fama da wannan cututtuka sun taimakawa wajen taimaka wa masu bincike na HIV suka fahimci cewa sabon nau'i na cututtuka na ci gaba ne.
Sun ga sakamakon cutar. Sa'an nan kuma dole su bincika dalilin.
Ta yaya suka gano cewa wannan samuwar rashi ne kwayoyin halitta? Yawancin wadannan cututtuka masu ban sha'awa, waɗanda ba a gani a cikin yawancin jama'a ba, sun fara nunawa a cikin al'ummomin da ke haɗin gwiwar jima'i da wasu magunguna.
Wannan ya haifar da likitoci don neman wani abu da zai iya shawo kan tsarin rigakafin mutane. Daga ƙarshe, sun gano AIDS.
Hanyoyin Kasuwanci na Kasuwanci a Cutar HIV ba tare da kariya ba
Idan aka bi da kyau, mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV suna iya rayuwa mai kyau. Ba za su taba kasancewa ba tare da rikodin su ba ko kuma su ci gaba da kamuwa da su. Duk da haka sau da yawa kwayoyin cutar ta HIV ba a san su ba har tsawon lokaci. Ba a jarraba mutane a kai a kai ba kuma basu san cewa suna kamuwa ba. Kamar yadda irin wannan akwai har yanzu wasu cututtuka masu ban sha'awa wadanda ke da mahimmanci a Amurka. Kwayoyin cututtukan da aka gani sukan bambanta da yanki, amma wasu ƙididdiga masu yawa sun haɗa da:
- Tsarya , ko wasu nau'o'in 'yan takara
- Cryptococcal meningitis da ciwon huhu
- Pneumocystis carinii ciwon huhu (PCP) (yanzu pneumocystis jirovecii ciwon huhu)
- Ciwon daji na jijiyya
- Coccidioidomycosis
- Cryptosporidium zawo
- CMV kamuwa da cuta
- Magungunta na herpes , wanda ya wuce wata daya ko fiye a lokaci guda
- Sarcoma Kaposi
- Tarin fuka
- Toxoplasmosis
Kasancewa irin wannan cututtuka yana daya daga cikin siffofin da ke tattare da cutar AIDS. Ana iya ƙaddara wani mutum don samun AIDS idan suna da ƙananan CD4 .
Sources:
AIDS.gov (2011) Tsarin lokaci na AIDS. https://www.aids.gov/hiv-aids-basics/hiv-aids-101/aids-timeline/
CDC (2015) Hanyoyin Dama. http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/livingwithhiv/opportunisticinfections.html