Nitrates sun kasance manyan maganin angina na tsawon shekaru 100. Yau, ana amfani da nitrates don magance wani mummunan aiki na angina (a cikin hanyar gingwadon nitroglycerin ko nitroglycerin na yaduwa), da kuma lokaci-lokaci (a cikin kwaya ko kwaya fata) don taimakawa wajen hana angina.
Yaya Yayi Ayyukan Nitrates?
Nitrates aiki ta hanyar dilating arteries da veins, duka a cikin zuciya da kuma sauran wurare a cikin jiki.
Wannan janyewa na jini yana rage damuwa akan tsoka da zuciya, saboda haka rage yawan oxygen da zuciyar take buƙata. Rage haɓakaccen halayen oxygen yana ba da damar zuciya don yin aiki da yawa ba tare da cigaba da yaduwar cutar ba , koda kuwa jini yana gudana ta hanyar jigilar jini ta hanyar atherosclerosis .
Nitrates kuma suna kwantar da hankalin jini. Tun da karfin jinin jijiyoyin sun rigaya ya zama haɗari yayin da ma'aunin inherosclerotic na hana ƙin jini, wannan tasirin da ke kan hanzari yana da iyakacin amfani ga mutane da cututtukan cututtukan jini . Duk da haka, a cikin mutane tare da Manhajar Manhajar - wanda shine mafi yawa daga cututtuka na jijiyoyin zuciya - nitrates ne sau da yawa sosai taimako.
Ta yaya ake amfani da Nitrates?
Sublingal (SL) nitroglycerin (nitroglycerin wanda aka hanzari daga ƙarƙashin harshe) shine tsoffin fannin magani na nitrate. SL nitroglycerin shine hanya mafi gaggawa don taimakawa wani ɓangaren angina da aka kawo ta hanyar motsa jiki ko danniya, kuma yana bayar da taimako cikin minti kaɗan.
Har ila yau, shan SL nitroglycerin kafin yin aikin da zai iya haifar da bayyanar cututtuka (kamar hawa dutse ko tafiya cikin sanyi) zai iya taimakawa wajen hana angina. SL nitroglycerin fara fara ƙin jini a cikin minti biyu, kuma tasirin zai iya wucewa har zuwa minti 30.
Nisroglyerin spray, wanda aka ba da shi a cikin bakinta ta na'urar da aka yi amfani da shi, yayi aiki daidai da SL nitroglycerin - wannan hanya ce kawai ta samar da wani nau'i mai sauri na nitroglycerin.
Za a dauki nauyin nitrates (SL ko sublingual) wanda duk wanda ake bi da shi don angina.
Ayyukan da ake yi a tsawon lokaci (kwayoyin cututtuka ko ƙwayoyin fata) an dauke su a matsayin hanyar likita na biyu don angina. An umarce su idan beta blockers (farko-line far) ba za a iya jurewa ba, ko kuma basu da kyau wajen kawar da bayyanar cututtuka.
Mafi yawan kwayoyin da ake amfani dashi a nitrates shine isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil, Sorbitrate). Tare da nitrates mai laushi, sakamako akan tasoshin jini zai fara a kusan minti 30, kuma yana tsawon har zuwa sa'o'i shida.
Abubuwan da ke ciki na Transdermal nitroglycerin, wanda ke ba da nitroglycerin ta fata, ya samar da farfajiyar farfaɗɗin nitrate na takwas zuwa 14.
Nitrate haƙuri
Babban matsala tare da yin amfani da nitrates mai tsawo ya kasance abin mamaki na "haƙuri." Tsarin haƙuri ya nuna cewa amfanar magani na iya ragewa lokacin da ake amfani da nitrates a kowane lokaci. Magana kawai, lokacin da ake nuna jinin jini a nitrates, sun dakatar dilating a mayar da martani ga nitrates, kuma mummunan sakamako na miyagun ƙwayoyi ya ɓace.
Za a iya hana haƙuri mai haƙuri ta hanyar tsara tsarin maganin ciwon nitrate na yau da kullum don samar da lokaci maras lokaci kyauta.
Saboda haka: za a yi amfani da takalmin nitrate ko nitrate fata kawai don tsawon kwanaki 12 zuwa 16 a kowace rana, tare da tsawon lokaci takwas zuwa 12 "ba tare da nitrate" ba. Ga mafi yawan marasa lafiya wannan yana nufin cewa ana amfani da nitrates a lokacin lokutan farkawa, kuma ba lokacin barci ba. A wasu marasa lafiya tare da angina maras kyau, duk da haka, jinkirin bazara bazai buƙaci a shirya a lokacin da ake farkawa.
Sauran Kariya tare da Nitrates
Kada a yi amfani da nitrates a marasa lafiya da cututtukan zuciya na zuciya (wanda a cikinsa ne nitrates zai iya haifar da haɗari ga ƙwayar jini a cikin zuciya), ko kuma a cikin marasa lafiya wanda ke shan Viagra (sildenafil) ko sauran kayan aiki irin su don cin hanci.
( Rika nitrates da Viagra tare zasu iya haifar da hypotension mai tsanani - saukar karfin jini.)
Asians suna da sauƙi a mayar da martani ga nitrates, kuma basu iya samun amfana daga amfani da su.
Sakamakon sakamako mafi yawancin nitrates shine ciwon kai da flushing, ko da yake lightheadedness daga hypotension iya faruwa. Marasa lafiya tare da tarihin ciwon kai na ƙaurarwa sau da yawa ba zai iya jure wa nitrates ba.
Sources:
Fihn SD, Gardin JM, Abrams J, et al. 2012 ACCF / AHA / ACP / AATS / PCNA / SCAI / STS jagorancin ganowa da kuma kula da marasa lafiya da cututtukan zuciya: da Cibiyar Kwararrun Kwararru na Amirka, Ƙungiyar {asar Amirka don Harkokin Turawa ta Thoracic, Cibiyar Nazarin Ƙwararrun Ciwon Turawa ta Duniya, Ƙungiyar Cibiyoyin Harkokin Lafiya da Harkokin Tsarin Lafiyar Jama'a, da Cibiyar Tsirarru na Thoracic. Yanayin 2012; 126: 3097.