Kwayoyin Ciwon Cutar Kwayar Wuta a Non-Smokers vs Mutanen da Shan Shan
Wani irin ciwon huhu na huhu ya fi kowa a cikin masu shan taba? Bari mu dubi amsar wannan tambaya, da kuma dalilin da yasa cutar kutsawa ta iya zama daban-daban a cikin mutanen da basu taba shan taba ba. Amma na farko, idan kuna tambayar wannan tambaya, yana da muhimmanci a ba ku babban guda biyar. Mutane da yawa ba su gane cewa cutar ciwon huhu ba zai iya faruwa a cikin tsofaffin masu shan taba ba, kuma ba taba taba shan taba ba, kuma wadanda suka gane shi, suna cikin matsayi mafi kyau don gane da alamun cutar ciwon daji na huhu idan ya faru.
Lung Cancer a Non-Smokers
Labaran ciwon huhu ba kawai yakan faru a cikin mutane da basu taba shan taba ba amma cutar kututtuka a cikin masu shan taba ba shi ne karo na shida da ya haifar da mutuwar cutar kanjamau a Amurka. Lokacin da aka tattauna amsar tambayar game da irin kwayar cutar huhu a cikin masu shan taba, ya taimaka wajen rarrabe tsakanin "marasa shan taba" da kuma "ba taba taba shan taba" a lokacin da suke nazarin kididdigar lissafi ba. Sashen wadanda ba su taba shan taba ba sun hada da taba taba shan taba da mutanen da suke shan taba a lokaci guda amma yanzu sun bar (tsoffin smokers.) Kalmar da ba taba taba shan taba yana nufin mutanen da suka taba shan taba taba 100 ko žasa a yayin rayuwarsu.
A halin yanzu, kimanin kashi 10 zuwa 15 cikin dari na mutanen da ke ciwon ciwon huhu na huhu ba taba taba shan taba ba, kuma fiye da kashi 50 cikin dari sune tsoffin smokers. Sai kawai a tsakanin kashi 20 zuwa 40 (dangane da binciken da yanki) su ne masu shan taba. Bugu da ƙari, yawancin mutane ba masu shan taba ba ne a lokacin da aka gano asibiti.
An sake dawo da su a wata hanya dabam, mutanen da suke aiki masu shan taba a lokacin da aka gano cutar kanjamau a cikin 'yan tsirarun.
Don bayyana irin ciwon daji na huhu wanda yafi dacewa a cikin wadanda basu taba shan taba ba, bari mu dubi daban-daban na ciwon huhu na huhu.
Ƙananan Ciwon Kwayoyin Ciwon Kwayoyin Cutar Kwayoyin cuta da Ƙananan Ciwon Kwayoyin Kwayoyin cuta
Akwai manyan nau'i biyu na ciwon huhu na huhu: ƙwayar cutar kanjamau da ƙananan ciwon ƙwayar ƙwayar kananan kwayoyin cuta.
Wadannan iri suna suna bisa ga bayyanar da kwayoyin cutar ciwon daji a ƙarƙashin microscope, tare da ƙananan ciwon daji na jiki wanda aka hada da, ba abin mamaki bane, ƙananan, mahaukaci bayyanar kwayoyin huhu.
Magungunan ciwon huhu na kananan kwayoyin ne ke lissafin kashi 85 zuwa 90 cikin kwayar cutar ciwon huhu kuma ita ce mafi yawan magungunan ciwon huhu da ke cikin wadanda ba su taba shan taba ba. Har ila yau, saboda lambobi, yawancin cutar daji da aka fi sani a cikin mutanen da suke shan taba. Ƙananan ciwon daji na ƙwayar cuta yana da kashi 10 zuwa 15 bisa dari na ciwon daji na huhu kuma yana da dangantaka da taba shan taba. An yi tunanin cewa kawai kashi daya cikin dari na mutanen da suka bunkasa irin wannan ciwon huhu na huhu ba su taba taba taba ba.
Kwayoyin cututtuka da ƙwayar shan taba marasa kananan
Magungunan ciwon huhu na ƙananan ƙwayar cutar ba a ƙara raguwa cikin nau'o'in daban daban:
Adenocarcinoma na huhu shi ne mafi yawan kwayar cutar ciwon huhu da kananan kwayoyin halitta kuma shine mafi yawan kwayar cutar ciwon huhu a cikin duka wadanda ba masu shan taba da masu shan taba ba. Har ila yau, ya zuwa yanzu yawan cutar ciwon huhu a cikin mata da matasa da ciwon huhu na huhu .
Likitan adenocarcinoma yana da asusun kashi 30 cikin 100 na ciwon huhu a cikin masu shan taba, kuma kashi 40 cikin dari na masu shan taba. Sabanin haka, irin wannan kwayar cutar tana da kashi 60 cikin 100 na ciwon huhu na huhu a cikin mutanen da ba a shan taba ba da kuma kashi 80 cikin 100 na ciwon huhu na huhu a cikin matan ba da shan taba.
Sauran nau'in kwayar cutar ciwon huhu ta kananan ƙwayoyin yana dauke da kwayar cutar kwayar cutar da kwayoyin cutar da ke dauke da kashi 25 zuwa 30 na marasa ciwon ƙwayar cutar kwayar cutar da ciwon daji na tsofaffin kwayoyin cutar da ke cikin kashi 10 zuwa 15 cikin dari na ƙwayoyin cutar ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta. cancers. Wadannan cututtuka sun fi yawa a cikin mutanen da suka kyauta. Ba dukkanin cututtukan da aka yanke ta daya daga cikin wadannan subtypes ba, kuma yana yiwuwa ga ƙwayar huhu ya sami yankuna na adinocarcinoma da ƙwayar ƙwayoyin cuta ("adenosquamous"), da sauran haɗin halayen tumo.
Me yasa Smokers da wadanda ba su shan taba ba su bunkasa cututtuka daban daban?
Bambanci daya a cikin irin ciwon daji na huhu da aka gani a cikin masu shan taba da masu shan taba ba zai iya danganta da yankunan da kwayar cutar da ke dauke da kwayar cutar kanjamau ke shafe shi ba, ko wannan hayaki taba, radon gas , sunadaran sana'a , ko sauran shafuka.
Hakanan kuma yana iya alaka da irin lalacewar (DNA maye gurbin) wanda wasu cututtuka sunyi. A wannan lokaci wannan tambaya ta kasance mafi yawa ba a amsa ba.
Yana da ban sha'awa don nuna cewa tare da ƙari na filtata zuwa taba sigari, yawanci na kowa da wurare na huhu na iya canzawa. Shekaru da suka wuce, cututtuka irin su ciwon ƙwayar cuta da ƙananan kwayoyin halitta da ƙananan ciwon huhu na kananan kwayoyin halitta sun fi kowa. Wadannan cututtukan sun fara farawa a cikin manyan hanyoyi da dama da suka shiga cikin huhu (bronchi.) Bayan an cire sutura, adinocarcinoma ya zama yafi kowa. Wadannan cututtukan suna nunawa a kusa da kananan ƙananan hanyoyi a cikin jiki na huhu. Dalilin shi ne cewa kariyar filtata zuwa taba sigari ya haifar da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta (carcinogens) da aka boye sa'an nan kuma ya fi zurfin tafiya a cikin hanyoyi, amma ba tare da filtata ba, za a kama ƙananan barbashi cikin manyan hanyoyi.
Sauran hanyoyin da Kwayar kwari ta keɓaɓɓu a cikin Non-Smokers
Kwayar huhu a cikin marasa shan taba shine cututtuka daban-daban a hanyoyi da dama. Wasu daga cikin wadannan bambance-bambance suna da alaƙa da daban-daban na ciwon huhu na huhu. Alal misali, ƙwayoyin cutar ƙwayar cutar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, wanda ya fi yawanci a cikin mutanen da suka kyafaffen ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, ana bi da su sosai fiye da marasa ciwon ƙwayoyin cutar kwayar cutar. Duk da haka har ma a tsakanin mutane da irin wannan ciwon sukari, alal misali, adenocarcinoma na huhu, akwai bambance-bambance a cikin hali na ciwon daji tsakanin mutanen da suka sha taba da kuma waɗanda ba su taba shan taba ba.
Wadanda ba masu shan taba ba sun fi karfin maye gurbin kwayoyin halitta, kamar su maye gurbin EGFR, gyaran ALK, ko ROS1 canje-canje. Sabanin haka, mutanen da suke shan taba ba zasu iya amsa maganin rigakafi ba. Magungunan maganin rigakafin rigakafi don magance cutar kanjamau suna ganin sunyi aiki mafi kyau yayin da yawancin maye gurbin su a cikin kwayoyin cutar kanjamau, da kuma kwayoyin cutar ciwon daji wadanda ke da kyafafan hayaki suna da yawancin maye gurbi.
Lashin Ƙasa a kan shan taba Yanayin da Kwayar Ciwon Cutar Tsutsa
Labaran ciwon huhu zai iya bambanta dangane da mutum ko mai shan taba, mai shan taba, ko taba shan taba, kuma daya daga cikin wadannan bambance-bambance ya kunshi ainihin cutar kanjamau wanda yafi kowa. Adenocarcinoma na huhu, irin kwayar cutar ciwon huhu na kananan ƙwayar cuta ba ta taba yin amfani da ita ba a cikin taba taba shan taba taba, yayin da mutane da suka taba yin amfani da taba taba su iya haifar da ciwon ƙwayar cutar kanjamau ko ƙwayar cutar kanjamau, wani nau'i na ciwon daji na ƙananan ƙwayoyin cutar.
> Sources:
> Alberg, A., Brock, M., da J. Ford. Epidemiology na ciwon huhu Ciwon daji. Sanin asali da Gudanar da Ciwon Cutar Tsutsa, 3rd ed: Cibiyar Kwalejin Kwalejin Kwayoyin Yammacin Amirka Mahimman Bayanan Nazarin Harkokin Kasuwanci. Chest . 2013. 143 (5 Gida): e1S-e29S.