Chiropractic wani nau'i ne na kiwon lafiya da ke mayar da hankali kan dangantakar da ke tsakanin tsarin jiki, musamman daga spine, da kuma aikin.
Chiropractic an fi sau da yawa amfani da yanayin musculoskeletal, matsaloli tare da:
- tsokoki
- gidajen abinci
- kasusuwa
- kayan haɗin kai (irin su guringuntsi, ligaments, da tendons)
Kalmar "chiropractic" ta haɗu da kalmomin Helenanci cheir (hannun) da praxis (aiki) kuma yana nufin "aikata ta hannun." Chiropractic wani tsarin kiwon lafiya madadin ne kuma yana amfani da wani tsari daban-daban daga likita na al'ada a binciko maganin, rarrabawa, da kuma magance matsalolin kiwon lafiya.
Doctors na chiropractic, waɗanda ake kira chiropractors ko likitocin chiropractic, yi amfani da irin maganin da ake kira manipulation (ko gyare-gyare ) a matsayin hanya na asibiti. Tsarin jiki yana wucewa ne tare da motsi tare da motsi. Kalmar daidaitawa ta fi dacewa da chiropractic.
Ana iya bayyana mahimman ka'idojin chiropractic kamar:
- jiki yana da ikon yin warkarwa
- tsarin jiki (musamman ma na spine) da kuma aikinsa suna da alaƙa, kuma wannan dangantaka tana shafar lafiyar jiki
- an bayar da maganin chiropractic tare da manufar daidaitawa wannan dangantaka tsakanin tsari da aiki da kuma taimaka wa jiki kamar yadda yake warkarwa
Mene ne maganin gargajiya?
Magungunan gargajiya na da magani kamar yadda masu kula da digiri da sauran masu sana'a na kiwon lafiya suka haɗa kamar:
- MD (Doctor na Medicine)
- DO (Doctor of Medicine Osteopathic, wani nau'i na magani na al'ada)
- masu kwantar da hankali
- masanan kimiyya
- rajista masu rijista
Wasu sharudda don magani na al'ada sun hada da:
- maganin allopathic
- Yammacin magani
- na al'ada magani
- maganin kothodox
- magani na yau da kullum
- biomedicine
Mene ne Magunguna da Magunguna dabam dabam (CAM)?
Ayyukan kiwon lafiya da samfurori waɗanda ba a yi la'akari da su zama ɓangare na maganin gargajiya ba ana kira su dace da kuma maganin magani (CAM).
- Ana amfani da magani mai mahimmanci tare da magani na al'ada.
- Ana amfani da maganin da ake amfani dashi wajen wurin magani.
Tarihi na Chiropractic
Chiropractic wani nau'i ne na maganin lakabi, wanda shine daya daga cikin al'amuran warkaswa. An kwatanta shi da Hippocrates a zamanin Girka.
A 1895, Daniyel David Palmer ya kafa aikin zamani na chiropractic a Davenport, Iowa. Palmer ya zama magungunan kai tsaye da dalibi na warkaswa na yau da kullum. Ya lura cewa jiki yana da ikon yin warkarwa ta jiki da ya yi imani da cewa tsarin kulawa yake sarrafa shi. Har ila yau ya yi imanin cewa ƙaddamarwa, ko alamomi na kashin baya (ra'ayi wanda ya riga ya kasance a cikin kasusuwan da kasusuwa), ya katse ko tsangwama tare da wannan "kwarjin jijiya." Palmer ya nuna cewa idan kwayoyin ba su karbi kayan aiki na jiki ba daga jijiyoyi, zai iya zama ƙwayoyin cuta. Wannan salon tunani ya jagoranci shi don samar da hanyar da za a "daidaita" ƙwayoyin vertebrae, kasusuwa na kashin baya, tare da manufar gyaran subluxations.
Akwai bambance-bambance a cikin bangaskiya da kuma hanyoyi a cikin sana'ar chiropractic. Wasu masanan chiropractors suna ci gaba da kallon subluxation a matsayin tsakiya na kula da lafiyar chiropractic.
Duk da haka, wasu masu bautar gumaka ba su sake ganin ka'idodin ƙaddamarwa ba a matsayin ka'idar hadin kai a cikin lafiya da rashin lafiya ko a matsayin tushen dasu. Wasu ra'ayoyi game da yadda za a iya yin nazarin chiropractic.
Yana amfani
A shekarar 1997, an kiyasta cewa Amirkawa kusan miliyan 192 ne suka ziyarci chiropractors a shekara. Fiye da 88 miliyoyin wa] annan ziyara za su bi da baya ko kuma zafin fuska. A cikin binciken da aka yi kwanan nan, sama da kashi 40 cikin dari na marasa lafiya da ke karɓar maganin chiropractic ana magance su a baya ko matsalolin baya. Fiye da rabi na wadanda aka yi nazarin sun bayyana cewa alamun su na yau da kullum. Hannun da ake bi da su ta hanyar chiropractors sun hada da:
- ciwon baya
- wuyan wuyansa
- ciwon kai
- raunin wasanni
- Sake maimaitawa
Marasa lafiya kuma suna neman maganin zafi da ke hade da wasu yanayi, irin su arthritis.
Jinƙan baya-baya shine matsalar kiwon lafiya ta kowa, yana faruwa har zuwa kashi ɗaya cikin dari na yawan kowace shekara. Yawancin mutane suna fama da ciwo mai tsanani a kalla sau ɗaya a lokacin rayuwarsu.
Bayanan da aka sake yi a kan raunin rashin jinƙai sun lura cewa a mafi yawancin lokuta akwai ciwon daji mai tsanani a cikin makonni masu yawa, ko da wane irin magani ake amfani dasu. Sau da yawa, matsalar rashin ciwon baya ba a san shi ba, kuma ya bambanta ƙwarai da gaske game da yadda mutane suke damu da yadda kamfanoni ke bincikar shi. Wannan yana haifar da ciwo mai tsanani don yin nazarin.
Abin da Chiropractors Shin
Idan kun kasance mai haƙuri, a yayin ziyararku na farko da malamin chiropractor zai dauki tarihin lafiyar ku. Zai yi jarrabawar jiki, tare da girmamawa a kan layi, da yiwuwar wasu gwaje-gwaje ko gwaje-gwajen irin su x-haskoki. Idan ya yanke shawara cewa kai dan takarar da ke dacewa don maganin chiropractic, zai ci gaba da shirin sa ido.
Lokacin da chiropractor ya bi da ku, zai iya yin ɗaya ko fiye da daidaitawa. Daidaitawa (wanda ake kira magani) shine farfadowa ko farfadowa da hannayensu ya ɗora. Da aka ba da magungunan baya, gyaran maganganun chiropractic ya haɗa da amfani da sarrafawa, da kwatsam zuwa ga haɗin gwiwa. An yi su don ƙara yawan kewayo da kuma ingancin motsi a yankin da ake bi da su. Sauran masu sana'a na kiwon lafiya sunyi nau'o'in nau'i daban-daban, ciki har da:
- masu kwantar da hankali
- likitocin likita
- kothopedists (Doctor of Medicine (MD) ko likitan Osteopathic (DO) wanda yake likita ne wanda ke da ƙwarewa a cikin cuta na tsarin musculoskeletal)
- likitoci na likita
- likitoci na likitancin likita
- likitoci na maganin ilimin kwayoyin halitta (wani tsarin likita mai mahimmanci, wanda aka sani da tausayi, wanda ke aiki tare da magunguna na jiki a cikin jiki, tare da manufar taimaka wa jikin ya warkar da cutar da samun lafiya)
- masu warkarwa
A Amurka, masu chiropractors sunyi kashi 90 cikin 100 na magunguna.
Yana da muhimmanci a sanar da dukan masu kula da lafiyar ku game da duk wani magani da kuke amfani da su ko la'akari, ciki har da chiropractic. Wannan zai taimaka wa kowane mai bada sabis don tabbatar da cewa duk bangarorin lafiyarka suna aiki tare.
Yawancin chiropractors suna amfani da wasu jiyya ba tare da daidaita ba, kamar:
- haɓakawa (wata hanyar da aka haɗaka haɗin gwiwa a cikin motsi na al'ada)
- massage far
- zafi da kankara
- duban dan tayi
- wutar lantarki
- gyare-gyare
- farfajiyar magnetic
- shawara game da abinci, asarar nauyi, da sauran abubuwan rayuwa
- abincin abinci
- homeopathy
- acupuncture
Horarwa
Taron horar da chiropractic shine shirin ilimi na shekaru 4 wanda ke kunshe da duka ajiya da kuma horo na asibiti. Akalla shekaru 3 na aikin koleji na shirye-shirye don buƙatar shiga makarantun chiropractic. Dalibai da suka kammala karatun sun karbi digiri na Doctor na Chiropractic (DC) kuma suna da damar daukar nauyin binciken lasisi na jihar don yin aiki. Wasu makarantu suna ba da darussan sakandare, ciki har da shirye-shiryen zama na 2 zuwa 3 a fannoni na musamman.
Kayan horo na chiropractic yakan hada da:
- Ayyuka a cikin jiki, ilimin lissafi, kwayoyin halitta, ilimin halitta, ilimin lissafi, abinci mai gina jiki, lafiyar jama'a, da sauran batutuwa
- Ka'idodin da al'adun chiropractic
- Hanyoyi da hanyoyin bincike
- Gudanar da kwarewar kula da marasa lafiya
Kwamitin Kula da Harkokin Chiropractic, wata hukumar da Ofishin Jakadancin Amirka ya amince, ita ce hukumar ingantacciyar koyarwa a makarantun sakandare a {asar Amirka.
Gwamnatin ta yi la'akari da ladabi?
An tsara tsarin aikin chiropractic a kowanne ɗayan jihohi da Gundumar Columbia. Yawancin jihohi suna buƙatar chiropractors su sami ci gaba da ilimin ilimi don kula da lasisi. Hanyoyin al'adu sun bambanta ta hanyar jihohi - ciki har da gwaje-gwaje na gwaje-gwaje ko hanyoyin bincike, saki ko sayar da kayan abincin abinci, da kuma amfani da wasu hanyoyin CAM kamar acupuncture ko homeopathy. Chiropractors ba a lasisi a kowace jiha don yin tiyata mai mahimmanci ko rubuta kwayoyi ba.
Shin Shirye-shiryen Asibiti na Kula da Lafiya Biyan Kuɗi na Cutar Chiropractic?
Idan aka kwatanta da magunguna na CAM gaba ɗaya (wasu daga cikinsu ana biyawa), ɗaukar hoto da tsarin inshora yana da yawa. A shekara ta 2002, fiye da kashi 50 cikin 100 na kungiyoyin kare lafiyar jiki (HMOs), fiye da kashi 75 cikin dari na tsare-tsaren kiwon lafiya, da kuma tsarin tsarin biya na ma'aikatan gwamnati sun rufe maganin chiropractic. Chiropractors iya lissafin Medicare, kuma fiye da biyu dozin jihohin cover maganin chiropractic a karkashin Medicaid.
Idan kana da asibiti na kiwon lafiya, bincika ko kulawar chiropractic ya rufe kafin ka nemi magani. Tsarin ku na iya buƙatar kulawa don a yarda da shi a gaba, ƙayyade adadin ziyara da aka rufe, da kuma / ko yana buƙatar ku yi amfani da chiropractors a cikin hanyar sadarwa.
Hanyoyin Gaba
Marasa lafiya na iya ko bazai iya samun illa mai lalacewa daga maganin chiropractic. Hanyoyi na iya haɗa da rashin jin dadi na wucin gadi a sassa na jiki waɗanda aka kula, ciwon kai, ko gajiya. Wadannan sakamako sun kasance ƙananan kuma su warware cikin kwanaki 1 zuwa 2.
An yi ta muhawara game da matsalolin matsala daga chiropractic. Ba a gudanar da nazarin karatu ba game da yawan matsaloli mai tsanani. Daga abin da aka sani yanzu, haɗarin yana bayyana ƙasa ne ƙwarai. Ya bayyana ya zama mafi girma ga ƙuƙwalwar ƙwayar zuciya, ko wuyansa, yin amfani da shi (misali, lokuta na bugun jini da aka ruwaito.) Ƙananan matsalolin da ake damu da yin gyaran ƙananan shi ne ƙwayar cuta na kwakwalwa wadda take faruwa a lokacin da jijiyoyi na kwamin kafar (wani sutura na jijiyoyin ƙwayar jijiyoyin da suka wuce bayan ƙarshen kashin baya) suna matsawa da lalacewa.
- rauni na rauni
- asarar ciwon zuciya, mafitsara, da / ko ayyukan jima'i
- canje-canje a cikin abin da ke tattare da dubban dubban kwayoyin halitta ko genitalia
An kiyasta ciwo na equina sau ɗaya a kowace miliyoyin jiyya (adadin miliyoyi sun bambanta, binciken daya ya sanya shi a miliyan 100).
Domin amincinka, yana da muhimmanci a sanar da duk masu kula da lafiyarka game da duk wani kulawa ko jiyya da kake amfani da su ko la'akari, ciki har da chiropractic. Wannan shi ne don taimakawa wajen tabbatar da tsarin kulawa (don ƙarin bayani, duba rubutun NCCAM na "Zaɓin Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Magunguna").
Abin da Bincike ya ce
Ya zuwa yanzu, bincike kan kimiyya akan ciwon chiropractic da ƙananan baya ya mayar da hankali ga idan, da kuma yadda kyau, kulawar chiropractic taimaka wajen kawar da ciwo da sauran cututtuka da mutane ke fama da ciwo mai rauni. Wannan bincike yana kwatanta saurin chiropractic zuwa wasu jiyya.
Gaba ɗaya, ana ganin shaidar bincike a matsayin rauni da kuma kasa da tabbatarwa ga tasirin chiropractic don ciwon baya.
Da dama mahimman mahimman bayanai suna da amfani don tunawa da binciken binciken.
- Da yawa gwajin gwaji na chiropractic yayi nazari akan tasirin maganin maganin ruɗar ƙwayoyin cuta kawai, amma aikin chiropractic ya ƙunshi fiye da manipulation.
- Sakamakon gwaji da aka yi a wuri daya (kamar tsarin kulawa da kulawa ko kwaleji na chiropractic) bazai iya amfani da shi a sauran saituna ba.
- Masu bincike sun lura cewa tasirin placebo zai iya aiki a cikin kula da chiropractic kamar yadda a wasu lokuta na kiwon lafiya.
Kodayake nazarin bincike game da maganin cututtuka na maganin jinƙai na rashin jinƙai ba su da wani inganci kuma bai isa ba don ƙyale matsayi mai ƙarfi. Kodayake, cikakkiyar fahimtar bayanan shine cewa saboda ciwo mai sauƙi, maganin chiropractic da jiyya na likita suna da mahimmanci. Zai fi wuya a zartar da mahimmanci game da magungunan chiropractic ga sauran yanayin asibiti.
Akwai kuma matsalolin kimiyya game da chiropractic, ciki da waje da sana'a. Alal misali, a cikin sana'a, akwai rashin daidaituwa akan:
- yin amfani da fasaha na jiki
- wace fasaha ne mafi dacewa ga wasu yanayi
- Ma'anar rushewa (misalai na spine)
Bayanan ra'ayoyi game da maganin chiropractic sun yi tambaya:
- tasiri na maganin chiropractic
- tushen kimiyya
- ƙananan hadari a ragowar marasa lafiya (alal misali, hadari na wasu nau'i na daidaitawa ga marasa lafiya da osteoporosis ko abubuwan haɗari ga osteoporosis , idan aka kwatanta da marasa lafiya da koshin lafiya).
Layin Ƙasa
Nazarin bincike a kan chiropractic yana gudana. Ana sa ran sakamakon zai fadada fahimtar kimiyya game da chiropractic. Wani muhimmin bangare na bincike shine ainihin kimiyyar abin da ke faruwa cikin jiki (ciki har da sassan jikinsa da jijiyoyin) lokacin da aka ba da maganin maganin chiropractic.
> Source:
> Shafin NCCAM A'a. D196