Akwai, duk da haka, babu maganin warkar da cutar Parkinson (PD). Amma ci gaba mai girma ya faru a kwanan nan a cikin binciken don magani. A cikin shekaru 10 da suka wuce, an gano nau'o'in nau'o'i PD wanda aka gano kuma an samu alamun cutar da ke da alhakin wadannan nau'ikan PD ɗin. Wannan bincike na kwayoyin halitta na cutar za a iya la'akari da binciken da ya faru a cikin bincike don maganin PD domin masana kimiyya zasu iya amfani da kwayoyin da ake tambaya don bincika tushen asalin cutar.
Don rikodin, cututtukan kwayoyin cutar da ke haifar da cututtukan cututtukan cututtuka sun haɗa da maye gurbin (canje-canje a cikin maye gurbin jigilar kwayoyin halitta) ko duplication na rabo daga cikin jinsin a cikin tambaya. Kwayoyin da aka gudanar a bincike sun hada da nau'in alpha-synuclein, mahaquitin-C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1), layin kwayoyin leucine (LRRK) 2, da Parkin, PINK1, DJ-1 da Kwayoyin ATPase13A2.
Yanzu, ba shakka, duk waɗannan sunaye na kwayoyin halitta na iya zama kamar harshe marar ma'ana a gare ku. Amma ina tabbatar maku cewa binciken su zai haifar da ci gaba mai zurfi a cikin binciken don maganin PD.
Gyara lalacewar kwayoyin cutar da zai iya haifar da cutar ta Parkinson
Yanzu mun sani cewa wasu nau'in cututtukan kwayoyin halitta akan wasu kwayoyin zai iya sa PD. Wannan yana nufin cewa idan za mu iya gyara kwayoyin da ake tambaya, za mu iya hana ko yiwuwar warke cutar. An yi wasu ayyuka a wannan yanki kuma wasu ayyukan jin dadi suna gudana.
Duk wannan yanki na bincike shine ake kira jinsin kwayar cutar ko magani. A yau, gabatarwa a cikin kwakwalwa na bera (bera wanda ya lalata kwayoyin kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta) na wani wakili mai kyakyawa wanda yake bayyana mutum Park1 a cikin wani nau'i mai nauyin kwayar cutar PD wanda ya haifar da kariya daga asarar kwayar kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta da kwayar cutar ta Parkinson kamar yadda ake yi a cikin bera.
Tabbas, nuna ci gaba a cikin nau'in PD ɗin na da hanyoyi mai tsawo daga nuna cewa abu ɗaya zai iya faruwa a kwakwalwar mutum.
Ta yaya Malfunctions na Halitta zai iya haifar da cututtukan cututtuka na cutar Parkinson
Nazarin cututtukan kwayoyin cutar da ke haifar da nau'ikan nau'ikan PD sun nuna cewa PD zai iya haifar da lokacin da daya daga cikin matakai da yawa ya rushe. Wadannan matakai suna haifar da lalacewar lalacewar cikin kwakwalwa. Tsarin farko shine damuwa a tafiyar da tsarin kulawa da kyau domin magance nauyin gina jiki a kwakwalwa. Sunadaran sune gine-ginen gine-ginen cikin jikinka.
Don haka a lokacin da tsarin samar da kayan aikin gina jiki ya raguwa, ƙananan ƙarancin sunadarai marasa lafiya sun fara tarawa a cikin sel, kuma a cikin akwati na alpha-synuclein, zasu taimaka wajen kafa jikin Lewy . Masana binciken sun ci gaba da nazarin muhimmancin wadannan kwayoyin Lewy wajen cigaba da cutar ta Parkinson, amma ka'idar daya ta nuna cewa hada-hadar furotin yana rikici da aikin al'amuran kwayar halitta da rashin jin dadi. Wani matsala da aka haifar da lalacewa ta jiki wanda ke haifar da nau'ikan nau'in PD wanda aka sani shine dasfunction mitochondrial. Mitochondria ƙananan kwayoyin halitta ne a cikin kwayoyinku wanda ke da alhakin samar da makamashi ga jiki.
Sakamakon aiki na mitochondrial shine samar da samfurori kyauta - ƙananan kwayoyin da zasu iya cutar da kwayoyin halittar dopamine. Lokacin da mitochondria ke aiki a al'ada, ana juyatar da waɗannan 'yanci kyauta kuma an rarrabe su. Amma a lokacin da mitochondria ba ya aiki a al'ada, zane-zane na yadawa a cikin kwakwalwa da kuma lalata kwayoyin halittar kwayoyin dopamin.
Daga karshe, an samu cututtukan lahani wanda ke kaiwa PD din a cikin sunadarin protein kinase. Wadannan sunadarai suna da ayyuka masu yawa a cikin tantanin halitta, kuma masu bincike suna ƙoƙari su fahimci yadda mahaifa ke canzawa PD.
Sources:
Denise M. Kay, Jennifer S. Montimurro da Haydeh Payami. Genetics. A: Cututtukan Cibiyar Parkinson: Ciwon Bincike da Gudanarwa na Harkokin Gudanarwa: Bugu da kari Edita Stewart A Factor, DO da William J Weiner, MD. 2008 Demos Medical Publishing.
Andrew J. Lees, The Parkinson chimera. Labaran zamani 2009; 72; S2-S11; Mochizuki H. Gene farfesa na cutar Parkinson. Gwani Rev Neurother. 2007 Aug 7 (8): 957-60.