Yin Jiyya Mai Kyau don Ƙarƙashin Ƙari
Cikakken cututtukan zuciya shine yanayin zuciya na yau da kullum wanda yakan tasowa kuma yana ƙaruwa tare da shekaru. Jigon kwalliya yana daya daga cikin ɓoyayyen zuciya na zuciya a zuciyar mutum, kuma za'a iya lalacewa ta hanyar lissafi. Wannan lamari ne mai tsanani wanda ke shafar ɓangaren motsi na bawul din kuma ya sa ya kasa da kyau.
A baya, magungunan farko don maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar jiki shine budewa na zuciya wanda aka gyara maɓallin valve ko kuma wani ɓoye da aka yi daga nama ko kayan aiki na wucin gadi za a yi amfani da shi don maye gurbin valve mai lalacewa.
A yau, akwai sabon zaɓi wanda ba shi da haɗari wanda ake kira Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) wanda zai iya zama wani zaɓi ga marasa lafiya wanda ba zai iya jure wa hanyar da aka bude ta hanyar gyaran gyaran ba.
Mene ne Maganin Aortic Dove?
Domin mafi kyau fahimtar sauyawa na canji, yana da mahimmanci a fahimci abin da valve mai motsi ya yi. Kwafin da ke cikin motar da ke hagu yana da magungunan jini, daga cikin zuciya, zuwa cikin aorta da sauran jiki. Kyakkyawan bawul din lafiya yana hana jini daga barin zuciya ba da daɗewa ba, yana buɗewa kawai lokacin da jini ya tashi daga ventricle na hagu kuma zuwa cikin aorta. Lokacin da kwandar mararrawa ya lalace kuma ya rabu da ita, ana kira yanayin da ake kira stortosis kuma yana iya zama mai tsanani, kamar yadda yaduwar jini ba ta da iko sosai ko kuma mai kyau.
Alamomin Aortic Stenosis
Yayin da aka lissafa valve mai kwakwalwa, ba zata aiki da kyau ba, kuma zuciya dole yayi aiki da wuya don zub da jini ga jiki.
Wasu marasa lafiya da kwayar cutar ta jiki sunyi tasiri tare da juna, ko kuma ɓangarorin ɓarna. Suna iya shawo kan ciwowar kirji, kuma a cikin lokuta masu tsanani, matsalar matsalar valve na iya haifar da ci gaban wani yanayi mai tsanani, wanda ake kira ƙetare zuciya.
Rashin wahala da rashin haƙuri na motsa jiki wasu daga cikin alamun bayyanar cututtuka na yau da kullum, amma a lokuta masu tsanani akwai marasa lafiya na iya zama rauni sosai saboda suna fuskantar rashin iya tafiya fiye da 'yan ƙafa.
Yanayin zai iya zama mai tsanani cewa yana da iyakancewar rayuwa ko barazanar rai idan aka bari ba tare da gurguntawa ba, yana haifar da buƙatar gyara ko sauyawa na bawul din.
Wane ne Wakili Na TAVR Tiyata
Ga marasa lafiyar marasa lafiya marasa lafiya - waɗanda suke sau da yawa marasa lafiya da mafi girma buƙatar buƙatun zuciya wanda ke aiki yadda ya kamata - hanyar bude zuciya zai iya zama tsatsar. Hoto yana da matukar damuwa ga jiki, kuma wasu marasa lafiya ba za su iya jure wa wannan matsala ta jiki ba, suna haddasa ƙwayar zuciya don yin aikin zuciya ba tare da la'akari da sakamakon da ake samu ba. Ga marasa lafiya da ake zaton marasa lafiya suyi jure wa tiyata, ko waɗanda suka gabatar da wani mummunar haɗari, hanyar TAVR na iya zama wata hanya ta dace.
Hanyar TAVR
Don masu haɗari marasa lafiya, haɗarin TAVR zai iya zama wani zaɓi wanda zai samar da gyaran kafa na kwandon ba tare da damuwa ta jiki ba na aikin tiyata, ta hanyar kwakwalwa da kuma ciwon daji . Anyi aikin ne a ɓoye, ma'anar cewa "tiyata" an yi ta sa kayan aiki a cikin labarun femoral ta hanyar ƙananan haɗari kuma a hankali a ci gaba ta hanyar jini har sai an samo valve. Marasa lafiya waɗanda suka kasance cikin ƙwaƙwalwar zuciya za su sami maɓallin gyaran samfurori maras kyau.
Ga tsarin TAVR, bashi na wucin gadi yana kunshe a cikin kankanin kunshin da yake da ƙananan isa ya motsa ta cikin jirgin jini tare da kayan kida. Yayin da yake sanyawa, za'a sauya sauya valve, yana buɗewa zuwa cikakkiyar girmansa. Da zarar TAVR ya kasance a wuri, sai ya maye gurbin bashu mai kwakwalwa ta jiki da ke sarrafa zubar da jini daga zuciya.
Risks na TAVR
Rashin haɗarin tayar da TAVR mai tsanani ne kuma ya kamata a tattauna tare da likitan ku kafin yin aikin. Rashin lafiyar TAVR sunyi kama da hadarin ƙwaƙwalwar zuciya na zuciya don gyara ko maye gurbin valve mai kwakwalwa, kuma ya haɗa da hadarin bugun jini, yayyafa jini, zub da jini, rauni ga zuciya ba tare da haɗarin cutar ba.
Lokacin da aka gwada marasa lafiya waɗanda ke da zuciya mai kwakwalwa na gyaran ƙwayoyin cuta tare da marasa lafiya waɗanda suke da hanyar TAVR, masu fama da TAVR sun fi fuskantar hadarin buƙatar mai buƙata a cikin shekara bayan hanya, amma suna da ƙananan haɗarin jini da mutuwa a cikin shekara bayan tiyata.
Shirin TAVR sabon abu ne, kuma saboda haka, ba a samo bincike mai tsawo ba a wannan lokacin a Amurka. Abin da bincike yake samuwa, duk da haka, ya nuna cewa marasa lafiya mai tsanani suna tafiya mafi alhẽri tare da hanya marar haɗari ƙananan yadda ba tare da gyaran zuciya ba.
Bayan TAVR
Yana da muhimmanci a tuna cewa tsarin TAVR shine inganta rayuwar, amma ba ya tabbatar da cikakken dawowa daga cututtukan zuciya. Yawancin marasa lafiya suna samun kyakkyawan cigaba a rayuwar rayuwa tare da gyaran kwarjin kwari, amma ƙila za a iya lalacewar ƙwayar zuciya saboda lahani mara kyau ko wasu yanayin zuciya.
Sources:
Transcatheter Aortic-Valve Sauyawa tare da Farin Tsarin Kai. New England Journal of Medicine. Marin shiga watan Maris 2014.