Magunguna masu shan magani suna iya ba ku taimako
Don wasu nau'i na ciwo, lokacin da magani mai zafi (OTC) bai isa ba, likitanka na iya yanke shawara don rubuta takardar sayan magani don ƙarin nauyin taimako. Ka tuna ka yi magana da likitanka game da dukkanin magunguna da kake ciki, ciki har da duk wani kari, saboda za su iya hulɗa tare da maganin likitanci.
Anticonvulsants
Kodayake ana amfani dasu masu amfani da kwayar cutar don magance cututtuka, sun kuma tabbatar da tasiri a zaluntar ciwo, musamman ciwo da cututtukan daji ke haifarwa.
An yi imani cewa wadannan kwayoyi suna aiki ta hanyar rage karfin jijiyoyi - musamman magunguna - don watsa sakonni na haɗari. Carbamazepine, alal misali, yana hana ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi daga harbe-harben akai-akai.
- Misalai: Wadannan sun hada da Tegretol (carbamazepine), Klonopin (clonazepam), Topamax (topiramate), Neurontin (gabapentin), Gabitril (tiagabin), Lyrica (pregabalin) da Valium (diazepam).
- Mafi kyawun maganin: Ciwon da ya faru ne daga neuralgia (tsohuwar ciwo daga shingles), ƙananan neuralgia da jijiyar ciwon daji ta hanyar ciwon sukari (ciwon sukari neuropathy).
- Muhimmancin Sanin: Mafi yawancin magunguna suna da kyau, amma carbamazepine na iya haifar da mummunan sakamako, ciki har da matsalolin hanta da kuma rashin lafiyan halayen; Ya kamata a bincika masu amfani akai-akai don waɗannan da sauran halayen. Wannan magani kuma tana da magunguna da kuma ƙin yarda ga mata masu juna biyu.
Antidepressants
Masu bincike suna fara fahimtar hanyar haddasa rikici da-dangantaka tsakanin zafi da damuwa.
Ayyukan antidepressants suna aiki ta hanyar sauya matakan da kuma tasirin neurotransmitters a kwakwalwa. Daga cikin manyan nau'o'in magunguna guda uku: 1) Tricyclic, 2) mai ba da izinin maganin masu amfani da ƙwayar maganin serotonin (SSRIs) da kuma 3) masu zaɓin masu kwantar da hankali na serotonin-norepinephrine receptake (SSNRIs).
Duk da haka, SSNRI kamar Cymbalta (duloxetine), an tabbatar da nasarar ga wasu irin ciwo, kamar abin da ke tattare da neuropathy.
- Misali: Wadannan sun hada da Prozac (fluoxetine), Paxil (paroxetine), Zoloft (sertraline), Elavil (amitriptyline), Norpramin (desipramine), Effexor (venlafaxine), Sinequan (doxepin), Wellbutrin (bupropion), Sakon (nefazodone), Desyrel (trazadone) da Cymbalta (duloxetine).
- Mafi kyawun maganin: Rawan jini, damuwa na mutumtaka, bacin jini na jiki, ciwon sukari neuropathy, fibromyalgia, ciwon ciwo da kuma ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta.
- Muhimmin Sanin: Mafi yawan antidepressants dauki kwanaki da yawa ko makonni don fara aiki; saboda wannan dalili, za a iya sanya su tare da wani mawaki kamar likitancin anti-inflammatory (NSAID). Doses of antidepressants da ake amfani dasu don maganin ciwo sau da yawa ƙasa da doses don bi da ciki.
Magungunan rigakafi
Magunguna iri uku da aka ba da umurni ga migraines - raguwa, kurakurai, da kuma isometheptene - ana kiran su magani ne don ƙaddamarwa, suna iya hana ƙaura ko ƙananan rage ciwon haɗin. Wadannan magunguna suna aiki ne ta hanyar rikitarwa jini, musamman maƙalar launi, ta haka yana rage matsa lamba akan kwakwalwa.
- Misali: Wadannan sun hada da Imitrex (sumatriptan), Zomig (zolmitriptan), Maxalt (rizatriptan), Amerge (naratriptan), Axert (almotriptan), Frovalan (frovatriptan), Midrin (isometheptene, dichloralphenazone, acetaminophen) da Ergomar, Wigraine, Cafergot, Migranal (ergotamine) magunguna.
- Mafi kyawun maganin: Migraines, amma za a iya zubar da zafi idan an yi amfani da magani a farkon farko na alamun cututtuka na migraine.
- Muhimmancin Sanin: An haɗu da kwakwalwa tare da mummunar tasiri, ciki har da hare-haren zuciya da shanyewa; suna iya yin hulɗa tare da wasu kwayoyi, ciki har da SSRIs da Tagamet (cimetidine).
Corticosteroids
Corticosteroids aiki ta rage ƙonewa; an saba wa su a cikin ƙananan ƙwayoyi don rage ƙalubalan ƙwayoyin cutar. Za a iya yin amfani da maganin corticosteroids mai amfani da kwayoyi, ta hanyar allura, tare da mai yin amfani da shi, ko kuma a matsayin cream.
- Misalan: Wadannan sun hada da Deltasone (prednisone), Hydeltrasol (prednisolone) da Solu-Medrol (methylprednisolone).
- Mafi kyawun maganin: Ciwo da kuma kumburi da ke hade da cutar arthritis da lupus.
- Muhimmancin Sanin: Corticosteroids na yau da kullum suna hade da sakamakon illa mai hatsari, ciki har da gwargwadon riba, glaucoma, cataracts, sugar jini, ulcers, riƙewar ruwa, sauyewar yanayi, ƙarancin rigakafi da kuma ƙara yawan karfin jini da osteoporosis.
Cox-2 Masu hana
Masu maganin Cox-2 sune NSAID wadanda basu da wataƙila su haifar da fuska gastrointestinal fiye da sauran nau'o'in NSAIDS, kamar aspirin, ibuprofen, da naproxen. Masu maganin Cox-2 suna aiki ta hanyar hana yin amfani da cyclo-oxygenase-2, wani enzyme wanda zai haifar da kumburi da zafi.
- Misali: Kadiri na kawai Cox-2 wanda ke samuwa a Amurka shi ne Celebrex (celecoxib).
- Mafi kyawun maganin: Arthritis da ciwon mutum.
- Muhimmancin Sanin: A shekara ta 2004, Vioxx (rofecoxib) - mai saka katin COX-2 da Merck ya haɓaka - an cire shi daga kasuwa saboda hada shi da ciwon zuciya da bugun jini. Celebrex na iya zama irin wannan hadari.
Opioids
Opioids sun samo asali daga tsire-tsire poppy; A yau, ana amfani da opioids a cikin kwayoyin halitta da siffofi. Suna kuma samuwa tare da wasu masu tuntuɓe, kamar ibuprofen da acetaminophen. Saboda kamuwa da kwayoyin halittu sune kwayoyin narkewa tare da tasiri mai mahimmanci, wasu lokuta ana ba da su ta hanyar stimulants.
- Misalai: Wadannan sun hada da nau'o'in morphine, Codeine (codeine phosphate), Actiq (fentanyive citrate), Oxycontin (oxycodone) da Vicodin (hydrocodone tare da acetaminophen).
- Mafi kyawun maganin: Raɗa mai tsanani, irin su irin wahalar da za a iya shawo bayan tiyata ko rauni mai tsanani ko zafi mai tsanani saboda ciwon daji.
- Muhimmiyar Sanin: Opioids suna da damar yin jaraba, amma idan aka yi amfani da su kamar yadda aka umurce su don jin zafi na gajeren lokaci, wannan hadarin yana da muhimmanci ƙwarai. Abubuwa masu cutarwa zasu iya haɗa da ƙwarewa, tashin hankali, damuwa da matsalolin numfashi.
Na farko da aka buga ta Naveed Slaeh, MD, MS, ranar 2/28/2016.
Sources
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