Ƙarfi a Ƙungiyar Autism
Andrew Wakefield yana daga cikin mafi yawan rikice-rikice a cikin autism duniya. Binciken da ya yi a kan tambaya game da kogin Mumps-Rubles (MMR) zai iya haifar da cutar ta autism ya haifar da babbar rudani a cikin autism al'umma. Kodayake jaridar likitancin Birtaniya ta Lancet, Wakefield da kuma tunaninsa, sun ci gaba da yin takaddama a kan batun, a cikin tsarin autism.
Dr. Wakefield wani masanin ilimin kimiyya ne da likitan fannin ilimin likita mai zurfi da ke da sha'awa ga cututtukan cututtuka. An haife shi a Birtaniya a shekara ta 1957, ya sami ilimi a Canada kuma ya zama likita a asibitin Royal Free a London.
Tun lokacin da ya fara aiki, Wakefield ya ba da gudummawa ga magungunan kiwon lafiya a duniya lokacin da ya gano cewa cutar Crohn, babban cututtukan da ke cikin gastrointestinal, ya rage yawan jinin jini. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan wannan binciken, Wakefield ya fara yin tambaya a kan ko cutar cutar kyanda ne daga maganin rigakafin Mumps-Rubles-Rubella wanda ya haifar da yaduwar jini kuma ya jagoranci Crohn. Yayin da amsar wannan tambayar ita ce "a'a," yiwuwar cutar kyanda ta zama mai laifi ga matsalolin GI na ci gaba da sha'awar shi.
A 1995, wata ƙungiyar iyaye sun ziyarci Wakefield wanda ya gaya masa cewa 'ya'yansu sun kasance masu tsauraran kai bayan bin maganin MMR.
Sai suka tambaye shi ya dubi cikin haɗuwa mai yiwuwa, kuma ya yarda ya yi haka. Ka'idarsa: idan rigakafin cutar kyanda ya haifar da kumburi a cikin hanzarin su, yara za su iya ci gaba da "ciwon ciwon hauka," yana sa ya yiwu ga sunadarai masu illa suyi hanyar zuwa kwakwalwa. Idan wannan ya faru, ya damu, ana iya haifar da autism na yara ta maganin rigakafin MMR.
A shekara ta 1998, Wakefield da ƙungiyar abokan aiki sun wallafa wani binciken bincike wanda ya haɗa da alamun cututtuka na ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin yara guda 12 masu tsauraran kwayoyin cutar Mumps-Rubles-Rubella. Wannan binciken, wanda aka wallafa a cikin shahararren jaridar likitancin Birtaniya The Lancet, ya kaddamar da wani maganin rigakafi mai karfi a Birtaniya, Amurka da kuma a duniya.
Shekaru da suka wuce, rahoton Brian Deer na London Sunday Times ya fara bincike kan Wakefield kuma ya gano hujjojin rikice-rikice da kuma halin rashin adalci. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan Deer ya ruwaito akan abubuwan da ya samu, goma daga cikin marubucin 13 na Wakefield sun watsar da binciken. A cikin Fabrairun 2010, Lancet ya gurfanar da littafin da aka tsara a kan batun yadda ya dace. Wannan ya biyo bayan bincike mai zurfi na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na Birtaniya.
Yayin da aka sake binciken rukunin MMR / Autism na farko da ba a sake yi masa ba, yana cigaba da aiwatar da wani motsi wanda ya ci gaba da nunawa maganin alurar riga kafi a matsayin dalilin da ya haifar da babbar karuwa a cikin ilimin kimiyya na autism. Miliyoyin dolar Amirka an tashe su don gargadi iyaye game da yiwuwar cewa cutar ta cutar da autism zai iya haifar da maganin alurar riga kafi, da kuma gina wani motsi na "maganin alurar rigakafi" a Amurka da Birtaniya.
Wakefield, wanda ke aiki a yanzu a Florida da kuma Texas, yana tsaye ne da aikinsa kuma ya nace cewa an gudanar da bincike sosai.
Yana da muhimmanci a lura da cewa duk maganin maganin alurar rigakafin a cikin autism al'umma, Wakefield kansa ba ya da cikakken tabbacin cewa MMR maganin ya haifar da autism. A gaskiya ma, a kan shafin yanar gizon "Thoughtful House" a Wakefield na Jihar Texas, wani tambaya yayi tambaya: Shin masu binciken masu bincike sun gano wani haɗi tsakanin maganin MMR da autism? Amsar: Babu irin wannan haɗin da aka kafa, amma bincike akan wani haɗin da zai yiwu zai gudana.
Sources
BBC News. Profile: Dr Andrew Wakefield.
Amanda Gardner. Kwararrun Nazarin Autism Nazarin Dokar Lafiya. HealthDay. Feb 2, 2010.
Paul Offit, MD. Masanan Annabawan Autism: Binciken Kimiyya, Rashin Magunguna, da Binciken Cutar. Jami'ar Columbia Press: New York C 2008.
Gidan yanar gizo mai kyau.