A shekara ta 1986, tsararraki a tashar wutar lantarki ta Chernobyl a cikin abin da Soviet Union ya zubar da kwakwalwa a duk fadin Ukraine da kasashe makwabta. Yaran da ke fama da radiation sun zama sanannun 'ya'yan Chernobyl. A nan ne taƙaitaccen rikice-rikice na taron da al'amura na kiwon lafiya da yara na Chernobyl ke ci gaba da fuskanta.
Rashin Makaman nukiliya
Ranar 26 ga watan Afrilu, 1986, a karfe 1:23 na safe, wani fashewa da wuta ya faru a cikin Rahoton Lamba na 4 daga cikin tashar wutar lantarki ta Chernobyl a cikin Ukraine. Kafin injiniyoyi da masana kimiyya zasu iya samun iko, an sake watsa nau'in hotunan radioactive 190 na cikin yanayi. Rahotanni na rediyo sunyi ruwan sama ba kawai a kan Chernobyl ba, amma a duk faɗin Ukraine, da ƙasashen Belarus da Rasha makwabtaka da su, kuma sun tafi zuwa wasu kasashen Turai kamar Poland. Masana kimiyya sun kiyasta cewa yawan adadin da aka fito da shi ya kasance daidai da sakamakon fashewar nukiliya 20. Abinda Chernobyl ya ci gaba da kasancewa mafi girma a cikin bala'in nukiliya.
Bayanin Lafiya
Rahotanni sun kashe mutane 31 a cikin gajeren lokaci, yawancin ma'aikata da mutane kusa da wurin da ya haddasa mutuwar cutar ta hanyar radiation. Lokacin da ya wuce sai ya zama fili cewa hadarin ya bar wasu matsalolin lafiya na tsawon lokaci ga mutanen da ke zaune a yankin.
Wadannan matsalolin kiwon lafiya sun zama mafi muni da rashin talauci, rashin abinci mai gina jiki, da rashin kulawa a yankin.
Thyroid Cancer da Chernobyl Yara
Yawancin mutane a duniya sun manta da abubuwan da suka faru a shekara ta 1986. Duk da haka, ana tunawa da mutanen da ke yankin, duk lokacin da suke kallon matasa da aka haifa a lokacin.
Wadanda aka fallasa zuwa matakan radiation a lokacin da suke matashi fiye da shekaru 5 sun kamu da cutar ta hanyar lafiya, ciki har da girma mai tsanani, rashin lafiyar hakori, da nakasa. Chernobyl yara kuma suna da sau 10 fi yadda al'ada al'ada thyroid ciwon daji .
Masu bincike daga Jami'ar Lafiya ta Jami'ar Pennsylvania, wadanda suka yi nazarin marasa lafiya marasa lafiya daga jihohi daga kasashen da suka kamu da cutar, sun gano cewa fiye da kashi 40 na marasa lafiya sun kasance yara masu shekaru 4 ko ƙarami a lokacin hatsarin. Wannan shine lokacin lokacin da glandon thyroid ya fi kula da radiation radiation.
Yara na Chernobyl Yau
Abubuwan da suka faru a shekara ta 1986 sun ci gaba da rinjayar miliyoyin mutanen da ke zaune a yankin da bala'i a yau kuma yara fiye da miliyan daya suna zaune a yankunan da aka gurbata.
- A cikin Ukraine, yara 6,000 an haife su a kowace shekara tare da cututtukan zuciya.
- A kowace shekara, yara sama da 3,000 sun mutu saboda rashin kulawa.
- An karu da kashi 200 cikin haɓurwar haihuwa da haɓaka kashi 250 cikin haihuwa na nakasawar haihuwa a cikin yara da aka haifa a yankin yankin Chernobyl tun 1986.
- A Belarus, kashi 85 cikin dari na yara ana daukar su ne wadanda aka yi wa Chernobyl (suna dauke da alamomi na kwayoyin da zasu iya shafar lafiyarsu a duk lokacin da za a iya ba da ita ga 'ya'yansu).
- Hukumar UNICEF ta sami karuwar yawan cututtuka na yara, kimanin kashi 38 cikin dari na mummunan ciwon sukari, kashi 43 cikin dari na karuwar cutar jinin jini da kashi 63 bisa dari na karuwa a kashi na kashi, tsoka, da kuma kayan haɗin kai.
Abin da Tsarin Nan Ya Tsaya
Yau, kungiyoyi irin su Ayyukan yara na Chernobyl Children International don samar da kiwon lafiya, kayan kiwon lafiya, kayan ado da wasu goyan baya ga yara na yankin Chernobyl. Ba a bayyana abin da makomar 'yan yankin Chernobyl ke nan gaba ba, amma har yanzu, wasu sun fi farin ciki, lafiya, da kuma rashin lafiya na tsira saboda karimcin waɗannan kungiyoyi.
Sources:
Chernobyl Children International. (nd). Facts da Figures.
Chernobyl Children Project USA
McGrory, B. "Kulawa bai sani ba." The Boston Globe, Yuli 27, 2001.
Reuters. "Ciwon daji na thyroid sau 10 ya fi girma a yara Chernobyl." Yuni 30, 1999.