Yadda za a karanta Rubutun Eye Gilashi
Idan ka taba dubawa a kan takardar izininka na gashin ido, mai yiwuwa ka yi mamakin yadda za ka fahimci waɗannan lambobin da alamomi. Domin a fassara shi a dukan duniya, an rubuta rubutun gashin ido a cikin tsarin daidaitacce tare da sanannun sanannun. A nan ne kalli samfurin kyan gani da kyan gani da kuma yadda za a karanta shi:
Alal misali:
OD: -2.00 - 0.50 x 180
OS: +1.00 DS
ADD: +1.75 OU
A Darasi a Latin
Dole ne mutum ya fara yin darasi kadan a cikin Latin don yin mahimmanci na takardar izin gado. Ana amfani da raguwa na Latin a cikin kiwon lafiya don rubuta rubutun likita da ka'idojin ido. Wadannan raguwa suna zama ƙasa da ƙasa da na kowa saboda ka'idojin jihohin tarayya da tarayya suna farawa don rage dogara akan su.
Hiduna OD sun tsaya ga "oculus dexter" kuma suna nuna ido na dama. Ayyukan OS sun tsaya ga "oculus sinister" kuma suna nuna ido hagu. Lissafi KO ku tsaya don "oculi uterque" kuma koma zuwa duka idanu.
Lambobi, Lissafi, Lissafi
Rubutun Eyeglass sun ƙunshi lambobi - kuri'a da kuri'a na lambobi. A misali na sama, lambar farko zuwa dama na OD shine -2.00. Wannan an dauke shi "ɓangare" na takardar sayan magani. Lambar lambar yana nuna rashin haske ko hangen nesa . Kullum, alamar da aka rage (-) tana nuna ruwan tabarau wanda aka yi amfani da ita wanda aka yi amfani da ita don gyara farfadowa.
Alamar tabbatacciyar (+) tana nuna jigilar ruwan tabarau mai amfani da aka yi amfani da su don daidaita yanayin hangen nesa.
Lambar da ke gaba a cikin takardar maganin lunar kwaikwayo shine -0.50. Wannan lambar tana wakiltar "Silinda" wani ɓangare na takardar sayan magani. Wani kalma don cylinder shine astigmatism kuma yana wakiltar bambanci a cikin curvature da ikon tsakanin maki biyu akan idanu, rabu da kashi 90.
Lambar ta gaba ita ce x 180, an karanta a matsayin "180." Wannan lambar tana nuna kwana a digiri daga 0 zuwa 180, yana wakiltar wurin da ya fi dacewa a cikin ido wanda yake da astigmatism lokacin da aka rubuta a cikin nau'i kadan na cylinder, kamar yadda a misali.
Ga hagu hagu, za ku lura cewa lambar "filin" yana da ɗaya (+1.00) DS. Haruffan DS suna magana akan " diopters sphere" kuma suna nuna cewa gyaran ido na hagu yana samuwa ne a cikin jiki ba tare da wani tasiri ba. A wasu kalmomi, ido na dama na cornea yana da wata siffar dan kadan, kuma siffar hagu na gefen hagu yana kusa da kasancewa daidai. Yana da kowa don rubuta SPHERE ko DS a matsayin mai ɗaukar hoto a wuri na astigmatism don tabbatar da cewa mai karatu likitan ya san cewa likita bai manta da haɗari ba don rikodin Silinda ko gyare-gyare na astigmatism.
A ƙarshe, lambar ADD na +1.75 tana wakiltar ikon da ake buƙata a "kara da shi" zuwa umarnin nisa don ba da hangen nesa mai kyau a kusa da kewayon ayyukan karatu da kusa. Wannan lambar yawanci ba a halarta ba ne a cikin ka'idoji ta kananan yara. Yayinda wasu matasa zasu iya ci gaba da matsalolin matsalolin da ake bukata kuma suna bukatar ikon "ƙarawa," yana nuna cewa mai haƙuri yana buƙatar buƙatar bifocal yayin da yake fara saki ikonsa na kusa da shi (matsala da ta fara farawa yayin da muka isa gado. )
Mutane da yawa sun kuskure cewa +1.75 shine ikon da ake buƙata lokacin sayen kayan gilashi-da-counter . Duk da haka, dole ka yi kadan algebra don kwatanta yawan iko da ake buƙata don gilashin kallon hangen nesa kawai. A misali a sama, shine -2.00 +1.75 = -0.25. Don haka takardar izini don gilashin karatu don idon dama zai zama -0.25 - 0.50 x 180. Ga hagu hagu, lissafi shine +1.75 +1.00 = +2.75 DS
Lura cewa mafi yawan mutane suna da takaddun umarni ba kamar misalin da aka nuna a sama ba kuma yawanci suna da lambobin kama da iko ga duka idanu. An zaɓi wannan misali don nuna bambanci tsakanin bayanan da ba a gani da kuma yadda waɗannan lambobi ke shafar lissafin da yawancin masu kirkiro, masu aikin wariyar launin fata da masu ilimin likitanci suke yi .
Ƙarin Abubuwa
Wadannan suna da wasu ƙananan raguwa da za ka iya haɗu a kan takardar izininka na gilashi:
- SVD - Gani Nesa Daya, ko gilashi don nisa kawai
- SVN - Gani Nuni Daya, ko gilashin don karanta kawai
- Sphere - Ƙaƙwalwar ikon mulki yana da iko guda ɗaya a cikin dukan 'yan kirki
- Cylinder - Girasar wutar lantarki yana daidaita daidaituwa kuma tana wakiltar bambanci a cikin mafi girman iko na ido da kuma karfin ikon ido, yawanci ya raba ta digiri 90.
- Axis - yana nuna alamar (a cikin digiri) tsakanin mazaunan biyu na ido na astigmatic
- PD - (distance distance, ko distance tsakanin cibiyoyin ɗalibai biyu tsakanin idanu) Wannan ƙidayar yana da muhimmanci don tsara gilashin da suke da dadi don sawa kuma cikakke cikakke.
- Matsayi - Addini ba bisa doka bane. An umurce shi da yawa don kawar da hoton a wata hanya ga marasa lafiya da ƙugiya-ƙetare ( strabismus ) ko sauran ƙwayar ido ko maganin matsalolin.
Kamar yadda kake gani, karatun takardar karan gilashinka na iya zama rikicewa. Duk da haka, tare da takaitaccen binciken da aiki, za ku iya karanta rubutun kuɗin gilashinku kamar pro idan kun kasance cikin bukata.
Source:
Eskridge, J. Boyd, John Amos da Jimmy D. Bartlett. "Hanyar Hidimar Gidajen Aiki." Copyright 1991 ta JB Lippincott Company, Babi na 18 - "Monocular Subject Rection" by Polasky Michael, shafi na 174-188.