Mene ne mataki na 4 ciwon karuwanci, wace irin maganin da ake samu, kuma menene alamomi?
Sashe na 4 ciwon gurguwar karuwanci shine mafi ci gaba da cutar. Yana nufin ciwon daji ya yada fiye da prostate zuwa wurare masu nisa na jiki.
Ƙarin fahimtar daidaitawa
Mafi tsarin tsarin da aka fi amfani da shi tare da ciwon gurguwar jini shine tsarin tsarin tsarin TNM . Wani tsarin da wasu asibitoci da likitoci suke amfani da su shine tsarin tsarin Juifett wanda ya rushe ciwace-ciwacen daji a mataki A zuwa mataki D.
Tare da tsarin TNM, haruffa sun tsaya ga:
- T shine ga girman tumo.
- N ne don aikin haɓaka na lymph. Nuna yana nufin ciwon daji ba ya yadawa zuwa kowane nau'i na lymph. N1 yana nufin kututture ya yada zuwa ga ramuka na lymph a kusa. N2 yana nufin ƙwayar cutar ta yada zuwa ƙananan ƙwayoyin lymph.
- M shi ne don metastases. M0 yana nufin cewa cutar ciwon karuwanci ba ta yada zuwa gabobi masu nisa ba. M1 yana nufin cewa ciwon daji na karuwanci ya yada zuwa gabobi masu nisa - kasusuwa sune mafi yawan wuraren da ake fama da cutar ta prostate.
Wani ciwon daji na karuwanci yana dauke da mataki 4 a 3 hanyoyi daban-daban:
- Tumerar T4 ba tare da wani kumburi na kumburi na lymph ba kuma babu metastases.
- Duk ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta tare da ƙwayoyin lymph na kusa da su na tsaye (N1) kuma babu metastases.
- Duk girman ƙwayar ƙwayar jiki kawai tare da duk wani nau'in ƙumburi na lymph (babu wanda yake kusa, ko kusa, ƙwayoyin da ke kusa, ko nodes nesa masu kyau) da metastases zuwa wani ɓangaren jiki (M0).
Cutar cututtuka
Magunguna na mataki 4 Ciwon kwari na karuwanci zai iya dangantaka da ciwon daji a cikin prostate, ko saboda metastases.
Wasu daga cikinsu sun haɗa da:
- Jinin cikin fitsari
- Difficulty wucewa fitsari
- Erectile dysfunction
- Kashe ciwo daga ƙananan ƙwararru
- Rashin rauni a kafafu ko jinji ko matsaloli masu mafitsara
- Asarar nauyi
- Ƙara yawan yawan cututtuka
- Wulo
Sanin asali
Gwaje-gwaje don tantance cutar ta prostate zai iya haɗawa da CT scan, duban dan tayi, MRI, ko PET binciken don kimanta girma da kuma neman matakoki.
An yi amfani da biopsy don duba yadda mummunan ciwon sukari yake.
Jiyya
Duk da yake mataki na 4 ciwon karuwanci ba zai iya magancewa ba, yana da kyau. A hade da magunguna daban-daban ana amfani da ita a tsawon lokaci don wannan mataki na cutar.
Hormone far - Hormone far ne sau da yawa babban abu don cutar 4 cuta. Za'a iya samun sauƙi daban-daban don rage adadin testosterone a jikinka. Wasu magunguna sun dakatar da samar da kwayoyin testosterone, wasu kuma sunyi aiki don hana testosterone daga cututtukan kwayar cutar prostate. Kamar yadda estrogen yayi aiki a matsayin man fetur don ƙarfafa yawancin kwayoyin cutar kanjamau, testosterone yana aiki ne a matsayin man fetur don tallafawa ci gaban kwayoyin cututtuka na prostate.
Yin aikin tiyata - Hanyar TURP wani lokaci ne a wannan mataki. Tun lokacin mataki na 4 ciwon karuwanci yana da fassarar zuwa ga wasu sassan jiki, tiyata don cire prostate bata da tasiri a "maganin" ciwon daji kamar yadda ya kasance a farkon matakai na ciwon kwari. Wadannan kangewa ana yin wani lokaci don bayyanar cututtuka da suka shafi prostate. Wasu lokuta ana amfani da wani abu (cire daga cikin kwayoyin) a matsayin nau'i na maganin hormonal.
Radiation mai farfadowa - Ana iya amfani da radiation tare da maganin hormonal da farko don sarrafa ciwo, kuma bayan maganin hormonal ya daina aiki.
Za a iya amfani da radiation don cin zarafin kasusuwa don rage ciwo.
Jiyya na ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta - Jiyya na ƙaddarar ƙananan kasusuwa na iya hada da haɗuwa da radiationrapy da kuma jinsin magani wanda ake kira bisphosphonates.
Chemotherapy - Chemotherapy na iya aiki don ba da rai ga maza da ciwon ciwon karu da kuma rage zafi saboda metastases.
Faɗakarwa
Sakamakon maganin cutar 4 ya bambanta da yawa dangane da yadda yaduwar cutar ta yada. Tsarin mataki 4 zuwa kashi 2:
Sashe na 4 tare da ƙananan metastases - Ciwon daji wanda ake kira mataki na 4 saboda girman ƙwayar cutar (T4) ko kuma saboda yaduwa zuwa gajerun lymph kusa da shi yana da kusan shekaru 5 na kusan shekaru 100.
Sashe na 4 tare da matakan da suka wuce - A cewar Cibiyar Cancer na Cibiyar Cancer ta Tsakiya, maza da suke da ciwon ciwon kwari na 4 tare da yada zuwa naman ƙwayar lymph n2 (N2) ko zuwa wasu sassa na jiki kamar kasusuwa, yana da tsawon shekaru 5 na rayuwa. 28%. Ko da tare da wannan ka tuna cewa jiyya ga ciwon daji na ci gaba na inganta a kowace shekara. Kowane mutum ya bambanta, kuma gwajin gwaji a yau yana iya sauya waɗannan lambobin gobe.
Ciyarwa
Koyi game da ciwon daji. Yi la'akari da wasu cututtuka na ciwon sankara na yau da kullum don haka za a iya shirya ku. Yarda da taimako. Sashi na 4 ciwon karuwanci na iya haifar da ciwo mai tsanani. Yi magana da likitanku kuma kada ku yi kokarin zama "jarumi" kuma ku guje wa maganin bayyanarku. Ka yi la'akari da shiga ƙungiya mai goyan baya ko duba cikin layi na yau da kullum 4 al'ummomin ciwon kwari na prostate.
Idan abokinka kake jin dadin ciwon ciwon gurguwar ƙwayar cuta, koyi darasi akan goyan baya ga mai ƙaunataccen ciwon daji .
Sources:
Cibiyar Cancer na Amurka. Yaduwar yawan ciwon daji na prostate. http://www.cancer.org/cancer/prostatecancer/detailedguide/prostate-cancer-survival-rates.
Kumar V, Abbas A, Fausto N. Robbins Pathologic Basis na Cutar 7th Edition. 2004.
Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa. Ciwon ƙwayar cutar ciwon ƙwayar cuta - don masu kiwon lafiya (PDQ). http://www.cancer.gov/types/prostate/hp/prostate-treatment-pdq.