FDA Kamar yadda aka amince da Esbriet da Ofev don Fibrosis na Phymonic Phymonic.
A watan Oktobar 2014, FDA ta amince da sababbin sababbin kwayoyi, pirfenidone (Esbriet) da kuma Nintedanib (Ofev), don magance cutar fibrosis na ƙwayar cuta. Cutar cutar fibrosis mai tsauri na cutar kyama ce mummunar cutar wadda ta kashe mafi yawan mutanen da aka gano tare da shi a cikin 'yan gajeren shekaru. Kafin samun ganowar pirfenidone da nintedanib, babu wasu maganin maganin maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi don mutanen dake fama da wannan cuta.
Mene ne Fibrosis na Pulmonary?
Cutar cutar fibrosis ta cutar kyakyacciyar cutar ita ce cuta mai tsanani ko na tsawon lokaci wadda ta rushe kananan wurare a cikin huhu (rikici). Kodayake akwai iyakancewar bayanai game da irin wannan cuta, {ungiyar Lung Association ta {asar Amirka, ta kiyasta cewa, game da kusan jama'ar {asar Amirka miliyan 140. Yayinda nake karanta wallafe-wallafe, na ga ƙayyadadden ƙayyadaddun lokacin da aka bayyana cutar ta hanzari (don Allah a yardar da fatar), tare da tasirin ko'ina daga mutane 14 da 28 a kowace 100,000. Mutanen da ke fama da cutar sune yawanci shekaru 50 da haihuwa, kuma cutar ta shafi mutane fiye da mata.
Babu wanda ya san abin da yake haifar da fibrosis na huhu na tumocin cuta (wanda shine dalilin da ya sa aka kira shi matsala ta cuta). Abin da muka sani shi ne cewa wannan cuta mai mutuwa yana karuwa a cikin huhu - ƙwayoyin jikin mutum ne mai sutura - yana sa ya fi numfashi. Bayan bayanin kula, ƙwayar cuta na fibrosis na ƙwayar cutar ita ce cututtukan kwayar cutar da ke rage ƙwayar huhu.
Da zarar an bincikar da shi, tsawon shekarun rayuwa ga mutanen da ke fama da cutar shine kawai shekaru 4.
Cutar fibrosis na tsokanar ƙyama ya haifar da kumburi da canzawa na fibrotic (tsohuwar) a cikin jikin huhu (parenchyma) wadda ke da alaka da ginshiƙan huhu a cikin alveoli. Hakanan an halakar da kawunansu na huhu a cikin alveoli; Hakanan magunguna suna da hannu a musayar oxygen da kuma gabatar da jini mai arzikin oxygen cikin jiki.
A wasu kalmomi, a cikin mutanen da ke dauke da fibrosis na ƙwayoyin cuta, suna daɗaɗɗo a cikin ƙwayar jikin huhu wanda zai iya yin amfani da gashin tsuntsaye wanda zai iya sarrafa iskar oxygen daga iska da muke numfashi.
Idiopathic na huhu fibrosis yana da wuya a numfashi bayan yin aiki. Har ila yau, yana haifar da tari da kuma sauyawar sauti a cikin jarrabawa. Yawancin cututtuka na cutar suna da tsari ko kuma jiki, kuma sun hada da gajiya, asarar hasara da kuma kulob na yatsun hannu da yatsun kafa. Ƙwararruɗɗen CT mai ƙaura (yi la'akari da raƙuman radiyo-cikakke) suna nuna alamar kullun ko ƙafa da "saƙar zuma" inda aka canza canjin fibrotic. Masafan kwayoyin halitta yana bada cikakkiyar ganewar cutar. Yayin da fibrosis na ci gaba da ci gaba, yana kaiwa ga ƙungiyar comorbid ko yanayi maras kyau wanda ya haɗu da rashin ƙarfi na numfashi, rashin tausayi na zuciyar zuciya da hauhawar jini .
Ko da yake muna da tabbacin abin da ke haifar da mummunar ƙwayar fibrosis na ƙwayar cuta, muna sani cewa akwai wasu abubuwa masu haɗari ga cutar:
- taba shan taba
- maganin cututtukan kwayoyin cuta
- inhalation na gas, tururi, ƙura da wasu kananan barbashi
- GERD (cututtukan gastroesophageal cutar AKA na kullum ƙwannafi)
- kwayoyin halitta
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis sananne ne saboda rashin rashin lafiya da tasiri.
Kodayake wasu mutane sun kasance masu zaman lafiya ba tare da dogon lokaci ba bayan ganewar asali, mafi yawan suna raguwa ko ciwo har ma da magani. Maganin yau da kullum yana nufin bayyanar cututtukan cututtuka ko ƙoƙari na ƙuntata ƙananan ƙumburi da ƙuƙwalwa. Prednisone, mai steroid, ana amfani dasu don taimakawa wajen hana ƙonewa. Mutane da yawa tare da fizrosis na ƙwayar cuta masu tsokanar cuta suna karɓar karin oxygen da gyaran jini. Daga qarshe, zaɓin izini kawai ga mutanen da ke da ƙwayar cuta na firam na fibrosis ne.
Mene ne Pirfenidone (Esbriet) da Nintedanib (Ofev)?
A cikin gwaje-gwaje na asibiti, pirfenidone (Esbriet) da kuma nintedanib (Ofev) sun nuna alamar fibrosis ko ƙwanƙwasawa, saboda haka jinkirin ci gaba da cutar.
Pirfenidone yana da matakai masu yawa na aiki kuma yana da magani na maganganu. A cikin gwaje-gwaje na gwaji na 3 na gwaji, kusan rabin masu mahalarta tare da tsaka-tsakin tsauraran ƙwayar cuta na fibrosis da ke karbar pirfenidone ya ga raguwar karfin karfi mai karfi. Wannan ma'auni yana nuna jinkirin ci gaba da cutar. Masu halartar sun sami wasu abubuwan da suka dace kamar haɓakawa a cikin minti 6 na tafiya da nisa a cikin mace (yawan mutuwar) a lokacin karatun mako 52. Abubuwan da za a iya haifar da cututtuka na magani sun iya amfani da su kuma sun iyakance su zuwa photosensitivity, cramps ciki, nausea da vomiting.
Nintenanib shi ne mai hana tyrosine-kinase kuma kamar pirfenidone magani ne. Daga cikin sauran matakai na rayuwa, tyrosine kinase yana da hannu a canji da fibrotic. A gwaje-gwaje na gwaji na 3 na gwaji, kamar pirfenidone, nintenanib kuma ya jinkirta ci gaba da fibrosis na ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayar cuta wanda aka kiyasta ta hanyar raguwa da ragowar ƙarfin karfi. Hanyoyin illa masu tasiri sun hada da zazzabin ciki, tashin zuciya, zubar da jini, ciwon kai, ƙara yawan jini, da kuma ƙara hawan enzymes (wanda ya nuna rashin hanta da hanta). A karshe, Ofev wani nau'i ne wanda ba za a dauka a lokacin daukar ciki domin jin tsoron nakasar nakasa ko mutuwa.
Menene Pirfenidone (Esbriet) da Nintedanib (Ofev) ke nufi a gare ku?
Idan kai ko wani wanda ka sani yana da fibrosis na rikon kwiopathic, yarda da pirfenidone (Esbriet) da kuma nintedanib (Ofev) Shin ainihin nasara ne na likita wanda ya kamata a maraba da shi a matsayin mai kyau. Duk da haka, akwai wasu matsalolin da ake bukata a fahimta kafin wadannan kwayoyi sun sami wuri a magani. Na farko, ba a sani bane ko kuma pirfenidone da nintendanib ya kamata a yi amfani da su daban ko kuma lokaci ɗaya lokacin da zaluntar fibrosis na ƙwayar cuta na idiopathic. Idan aka yi amfani da ita, ba mu da tabbas abin da ya kamata a yi amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi da farko. Idan an yi amfani da shi daban, ba mu da tabbas ko magunguna za su nuna nau'in haɓaka ko ƙaruwa. Na biyu, ba mu da tabbas ko wasu mutane sun fi dacewa (masu amsawa) a ko dai ko magunguna biyu. Abu na uku, ba mu san idan kwayoyi ba zasu ci gaba da rage ci gaba da fibrosis na ƙwayar cuta na ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta bayan kusan shekara ta gwaji.
A bayanin ƙarshe, idan kai ko ƙaunatacciyar yana da fibrosis na ƙwayar cuta na marasa lafiya, la'akari da ƙarin koyo game da ƙungiyoyin tallafi ga cutar a kungiyar Amurkan ta Amurka ko National Heart, Lung, da Blood Institute.
Sakamakon Zaɓuɓɓuka
"Shaidar Farko na Farfesa na Pharmacolgical na Idiopathic Falmonary Fibrosis" by JR Covvey da abokan aiki da aka buga a Annals na Pharmacotherapy a 2014. Accessed from PubMed on 11/4/2014.
Naureckas ET, Solway J. Babi na 252. Rarraba na Harkokin Cutar. A: Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Jameson J, Loscalzo J. eds. Ka'idodin Magungunan Hoto na Harrison, 18th. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2012. Samun shiga Nuwamba 04, 2014.
Kemp WL, Burns DK, Brown TG. Babi na 13. Tsibirin Turawa. A cikin: Kemp WL, Burns DK, Brown TG. eds. Hoto: Babban Hoton . New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2008 Samun shiga Nuwamba 04, 2014.
King TE, Jr .. Babi na 261. Cututtuka na ƙwayar cuta ta tsakiya. A: Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Jameson J, Loscalzo J. eds. Ka'idodin Magungunan Hoto na Harrison, 18th. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2012. Samun shiga Nuwamba 04, 2014.
"Hoton numfashi: babban mataki a gaba ga ƙananan fibrosis na huhu" by CJ Ryerson da HR Collard daga BMJ da aka buga a watan Satumba 2014. An samu damar daga PubMed ranar 11/4/2014.